On the Death of Dr. Samuel Marshall. 1771

Phillis Wheatley (1753–1784) · 1773

iambic pentameter · AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNN · 92 lines · from Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral

THROUGH thickest glooms look back, immortal shade,On that confusion which thy death has made:Or from Olympus' height look down, and seeA Town involv'd in grief bereft of thee.Thy Lucy sees thee mingle with the dead,And rends the graceful tresses from her head,Wild in her woe, with grief unknown opprestSigh follows sigh deep heaving from her breast.Too quickly fled, ah! whither art thou gone?Ah! lost for ever to thy wife and son!The hapless child, thine only hope and heir,Clings round his mother's neck, and weeps his sorrows there.The loss of thee on Tyler's soul returns,And Boston for her dear physician mourns.When sickness call'd for Marshall's healing hand,With what compassion did his soul expand?In him we found the father and the friend:In life how lov'd! how honour'd in his end!And must not then our AEsculapius stayTo bring his ling'ring infant into day?The babe unborn in the dark womb is tost,And seems in anguish for its father lost.Gone is Apollo from his house of earth,But leaves the sweet memorials of his worth:The common parent, whom we all deplore,From yonder world unseen must come no more,Yet 'midst our woes immortal hopes attendThe spouse, the sire, the universal friend.

WHILE others chant of gay Elysian scenes,Of balmy zephyrs, and of flow'ry plains,My song more happy speaks a greater name,Feels higher motives and a nobler flame.For thee, O R-----, the muse attunes her strings,And mounts sublime above inferior things.I sing not now of green embow'ring woods,I sing not now the daughters of the floods,I sing not of the storms o'er ocean driv'n,And how they howl'd along the waste of heav'n.But I to R----- would paint the British shore,And vast Atlantic, not untry'd before:Thy life impair'd commands thee to arise,Leave these bleak regions and inclement skies,Where chilling winds return the winter past,And nature shudders at the furious blast.O thou stupendous, earth-enclosing mainExert thy wonders to the world again!If ere thy pow'r prolong'd the fleeting breath,Turn'd back the shafts, and mock'd the gates of death,If ere thine air dispens'd an healing pow'r,Or snatch'd the victim from the fatal hour,This equal case demands thine equal care,And equal wonders may this patient share.But unavailing, frantic is the dreamTo hope thine aid without the aid of himWho gave thee birth and taught thee where to flow,And in thy waves his various blessings show.May R----- return to view his native shoreReplete with vigour not his own before,Then shall we see with pleasure and surprise,And own thy work, great Ruler of the skies!

To the Rev. DR. THOMAS AMORY, onreading his Sermons on DAILY DEVOTION,in which that Duty is recommended andassisted.

TO cultivate in ev'ry noble mindHabitual grace, and sentiments refin'd,Thus while you strive to mend the human heart,Thus while the heav'nly precepts you impart,O may each bosom catch the sacred fire,And youthful minds to Virtue's throne aspire!When God's eternal ways you set in sight,And Virtue shines in all her native light,In vain would Vice her works in night conceal,For Wisdom's eye pervades the sable veil.Artists may paint the sun's effulgent rays,But Amory's pen the brighter God displays:While his great works in Amory's pages shine,And while he proves his essence all divine,The Atheist sure no more can boast aloudOf chance, or nature, and exclude the God;As if the clay without the potter's aidShould rise in various forms, and shapes self-made,Or worlds above with orb o'er orb profoundSelf-mov'd could run the everlasting round.It cannot be--unerring Wisdom guidesWith eye propitious, and o'er all presides.Still prosper, Amory! still may'st thou receiveThe warmest blessings which a muse can give,And when this transitory state is o'er,When kingdoms fall, and fleeting Fame's no more,May Amory triumph in immortal fame,A nobler title, and superior name!

Words in this poem 25
whither adv.
To what place; -- used interrogatively; as, whither goest thou [OE. whider. AS. hwider; akin to E. where, who; cf. Goth. hvadre whither. See Who, and cf. Hither, Thither.]
hapless a.
Without hap or luck; luckless; unfortunate; unlucky; unhappy; as, hapless youth; hapless maid.
babe n.
An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
unborn a.
Not born; no yet brought into life; being still to appear; future.
womb n.
The belly; the abdomen. [OE. wombe, wambe, AS. wamb, womb; akin to D. wam belly, OS. & OHG. wamba, G. wamme, wampe, Icel. vömb, Sw. v&mb, Dan. vom, Goth. wamba.]
deplore v. t.
To feel or to express deep and poignant grief for; to bewail; to lament; to mourn; to sorrow over. [L. deplorare; de- + plorare to cry out, wail, lament; prob. akin to pluere to rain, and to E. flow: cf. F. déplorer. Cf. Flow.]
yonder adv.
At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
spouse v. t.
To wed; to espouse. [See Espouse, and Spouse, n.]
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
elysian a.
Pertaining, or the abode of the blessed after death; hence, yielding the highest pleasures; exceedingly delightful; beatific. [L. Elysius, fr. Elysium.]
balmy a.
Having the qualities of balm; odoriferous; aromatic; assuaging; soothing; refreshing; mild.
inclement a.
Not clement; destitute of a mild and kind temper; void of tenderness; unmerciful; severe; harsh. [L. inclemens; pref. in- not + clemens mild: cf. F. inclément. See Clement.]
stupendous a.
Astonishing; wonderful; amazing; especially, astonishing in magnitude or elevation; as, a stupendous pile. [L. stupendus astonishing, p. future pass. of stupere to be astonished at. Cf. Stupid.]
exert v. t.
To thrust forth; to emit; to push out. [L. exertus, exsertus, p.p. of exerere, exserere, to thrust out; ex out + serere to join or bind together. See Series, and cf. Exsert.]
replete a.
Filled again; completely filled; full; charged; abounding. [L. repletus, p. p. of replere to fill again, fill up; pref. re- re- + plere to fill, akin to plenus full: cf. F. replet corpulent. See Plenty, Replenish.]
vigour v. t.
To invigorate. Feltham.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
aspire v. t.
To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount to.
sable n.
A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. sóbole.]
effulgent a.
Diffusing a flood of light; shining; luminous; beaming; bright; splendid. [L. effulgens, -entis, p. pr. of effulgere.]
atheist n.
One who disbelieves or denies the existence of a God, or supreme intelligent Being. [Gr. athéiste.]
aloud adv.
With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. [Pref. a- + loud.]
unerring a.
Committing no mistake; incapable or error or failure certain; sure; unfailing; as, the unerring wisdom of God.
prosper v. t.
To favor; to render successful. [F. prospérer v. i., or L. prosperare, v. i., or L. prosperare, v. t., fr. prosper or prosperus. See Prosperous.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

On the Death of Dr. Samuel Marshall. 1771 is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems on various subjects, religious and moral, Project Gutenberg ebook #409; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Phillis Wheatley, On the Death of Dr. Samuel Marshall. 1771, in Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral (1773), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #409, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/wheatley-poems/on-the-death-of-dr-samuel-marshall-1771.html, id L25933.

Form and metre

On the Death of Dr. Samuel Marshall. 1771 is 92 lines in 4 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNN, complete in 2 of its 4 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNN shadeA · madeA · seeB · theeB · deadC · headC · opprestD · breastD · goneE · sonE · heirF · thereF · returnsG · mournsG · handH · expandH · friendI · endI · stayJ · dayJ · tostK · lostK · earthL · worthL · deploreM · moreM · attendN · friendN
  2. 2 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPP scenesA · plainsA · nameB · flameB · stringsC · thingsC · woodsD · floodsD · driv'nE · heav'nE · shoreF · beforeF · ariseG · skiesG · pastH · blastH · mainI · againI · breathJ · deathJ · pow'rK · hourK · careL · shareL · dreamM · himM · flowN · showN · shoreO · beforeO · surpriseP · skiesP
  3. 3 AA-- onA · devotionA · and · assisted
  4. 4 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNN mindA · refin'dA · heartB · impartB · fireC · aspireC · sightD · lightD · concealE · veilE · raysF · displaysF · shineG · divineG · aloudH · godH · aidI · madeI · profoundJ · roundJ · guidesK · presidesK · receiveL · giveL · o'erM · moreM · fameN · nameN
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
THROUGH thickest glooms look back, immortal shade,10·/˘···˘/˘·
On that confusion which thy death has made:10··˘/˘·····
Or from Olympus' height look down, and see10··˘/˘·····
A Town involv'd in grief bereft of thee.10··˘/··˘/··
Thy Lucy sees thee mingle with the dead,10·/˘··/˘···
And rends the graceful tresses from her head,10···/˘/˘···
Wild in her woe, with grief unknown opprest11······˘//˘˘
Sigh follows sigh deep heaving from her breast.10·/˘··/˘···
Too quickly fled, ah! whither art thou gone?10·/˘··/˘···
Ah! lost for ever to thy wife and son!10···/˘·····
The hapless child, thine only hope and heir,10·/˘··/˘···
Clings round his mother's neck, and weeps his sorrows there.12···/˘····/˘·
The loss of thee on Tyler's soul returns,10·····/˘·˘/
And Boston for her dear physician mourns.10·/˘···˘/˘·
When sickness call'd for Marshall's healing hand,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
With what compassion did his soul expand?10··˘/˘···˘/
In him we found the father and the friend:10·····/˘···
In life how lov'd! how honour'd in his end!10··········
And must not then our AEsculapius stay10····/·····
To bring his ling'ring infant into day?10·····/˘···
The babe unborn in the dark womb is tost,10··//······
And seems in anguish for its father lost.10···/˘··/˘·
Gone is Apollo from his house of earth,10··˘/˘·····
But leaves the sweet memorials of his worth:10····˘/˘···
The common parent, whom we all deplore,10·/˘/˘···˘/
From yonder world unseen must come no more,10·/˘·˘/····
Yet 'midst our woes immortal hopes attend10··/·˘/˘·˘/
The spouse, the sire, the universal friend.10···/··˘/˘·
WHILE others chant of gay Elysian scenes,10·/˘···˘/˘·
Of balmy zephyrs, and of flow'ry plains,10·/˘/˘·····
My song more happy speaks a greater name,10···/˘··/˘·
Feels higher motives and a nobler flame.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
For thee, O R-----, the muse attunes her strings,10······˘/··
And mounts sublime above inferior things.10··˘/··˘/˘·
I sing not now of green embow'ring woods,10··········
I sing not now the daughters of the floods,10·····/˘···
I sing not of the storms o'er ocean driv'n,10·······/˘·
And how they howl'd along the waste of heav'n.10····˘/····
But I to R----- would paint the British shore,10·······/˘·
And vast Atlantic, not untry'd before:10··˘/˘·····
Thy life impair'd commands thee to arise,10··˘/˘/··˘/
Leave these bleak regions and inclement skies,10···/˘·˘/˘·
Where chilling winds return the winter past,10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
And nature shudders at the furious blast.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
O thou stupendous, earth-enclosing main10··˘/˘·˘/˘·
Exert thy wonders to the world again!10˘/·/˘···˘/
If ere thy pow'r prolong'd the fleeting breath,10····˘/·/˘·
Turn'd back the shafts, and mock'd the gates of death,10··········
If ere thine air dispens'd an healing pow'r,10····˘/·/˘·
Or snatch'd the victim from the fatal hour,11···/˘··/˘/˘
This equal case demands thine equal care,10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
And equal wonders may this patient share.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
But unavailing, frantic is the dream10··˘/˘/˘···
To hope thine aid without the aid of him10··········
Who gave thee birth and taught thee where to flow,10··········
And in thy waves his various blessings show.10·····/˘/˘·
May R----- return to view his native shore10··˘/···/˘·
Replete with vigour not his own before,10˘/·/˘·····
Then shall we see with pleasure and surprise,10·····/˘·˘/
And own thy work, great Ruler of the skies!10·····/˘···
To the Rev. DR. THOMAS AMORY, on10····/˘/˘˘·
reading his Sermons on DAILY DEVOTION,11/˘·/˘·/˘˘/˘
in which that Duty is recommended and11···/˘··˘/˘·
assisted.3˘/˘
TO cultivate in ev'ry noble mind10·/˘····/˘·
Habitual grace, and sentiments refin'd,10˘/˘··/˘˘˘/
Thus while you strive to mend the human heart,10·······/˘·
Thus while the heav'nly precepts you impart,10·····/··˘/
O may each bosom catch the sacred fire,11···/˘··/˘/˘
And youthful minds to Virtue's throne aspire!10·/˘··/˘·˘/
When God's eternal ways you set in sight,10··˘/˘·····
And Virtue shines in all her native light,10·/˘····/˘·
In vain would Vice her works in night conceal,10········˘/
For Wisdom's eye pervades the sable veil.10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
Artists may paint the sun's effulgent rays,10/˘····˘/˘·
But Amory's pen the brighter God displays:10·/˘˘··/·˘/
While his great works in Amory's pages shine,10·····/˘/˘·
And while he proves his essence all divine,10·····/˘·˘/
The Atheist sure no more can boast aloud10·/˘·····˘/
Of chance, or nature, and exclude the God;10···/˘·˘/··
As if the clay without the potter's aid10·······/˘·
Should rise in various forms, and shapes self-made,10···/˘·····
Or worlds above with orb o'er orb profound10········˘/
Self-mov'd could run the everlasting round.10······˘/˘·
It cannot be--unerring Wisdom guides10·/˘·˘/˘/˘·
With eye propitious, and o'er all presides.10··˘/˘···˘/
Still prosper, Amory! still may'st thou receive10·/˘/˘···˘/
The warmest blessings which a muse can give,10·/˘/˘·····
And when this transitory state is o'er,10···/˘·˘···
When kingdoms fall, and fleeting Fame's no more,10·/˘··/˘···
May Amory triumph in immortal fame,10·/˘/˘·˘/˘·
A nobler title, and superior name!10·/˘/˘·˘/˘·

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