Of the Queen

Edmund Waller (1606–1687) · 1645–1668

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 72 lines · from Cooper's Hill, and Other Poems

The lark, that shuns on lofty boughs to buildHer humble nest, lies silent in the field;But if (the promise of a cloudless day)Aurora smiling bids her rise and play,Then straight she shows 'twas not for want of voice,Or power to climb, she made so low a choice;Singing she mounts; her airy wings are stretch'dT'wards heaven, as if from heaven her note she fetch'd.

So we, retiring from the busy throng,Use to restrain the ambition of our song;But since the light which now informs our ageBreaks from the Court, indulgent to her rage,Thither my Muse, like bold Prometheus, flies,To light her torch at Gloriana's eyes;Those sov'reign beams which heal the wounded soul,And all our cares, but once beheld, control!There the poor lover that has long enduredSome proud nymph's scorn, of his fond passion cured,Fares like the man who first upon the groundA glow-worm spied, supposing he had foundA moving diamond, a breathing stone;For life it had, and like those jewels shone;He held it dear, till by the springing dayInform'd, he threw the worthless worm away.

She saves the lover as we gangrenes stay,By cutting hope, like a lopp'd limb, away;This makes her bleeding patients to accuseHigh Heaven, and these expostulations use:'Could Nature then no private woman grace,Whom we might dare to love, with such a face,Such a complexion, and so radiant eyes,Such lovely motion, and such sharp replies?Beyond our reach, and yet within our sight,What envious power has placed this glorious light?'

Thus, in a starry night, fond children cryFor the rich spangles that adorn the sky,Which, though they shine for ever fixed there,With light and influence relieve us here.All her affections are to one inclined;Her bounty and compassion to mankind;To whom, while she so far extends her grace,She makes but good the promise of her face;For Mercy has, could Mercy's self be seen,No sweeter look than this propitious queen.Such guard, and comfort, the distressed findFrom her large power, and from her larger mind,That whom ill Fate would ruin, it prefers,For all the miserable are made hers.So the fair tree whereon the eagle builds,Poor sheep from tempests, and their shepherds, shields;The royal bird possesses all the boughs,But shade and shelter to the flock allows.

Joy of our age, and safety of the next!For which so oft thy fertile womb is vex'd;Nobly contented, for the public good,To waste thy spirits and diffuse thy blood,What vast hopes may these islands entertain,Where monarchs, thus descended, are to reign?Led by commanders of so fair a line,Our seas no longer shall our power confine.

A brave romance who would exactly frame,First brings his knight from some immortal dame,And then a weapon, and a flaming shield,Bright as his mother's eyes, he makes him wield.None might the mother of Achilles be,But the fair pearl and glory of the sea;The man to whom great Maro gives such fame,From the high bed of heavenly Venus came;And our next Charles, whom all the stars designLike wonders to accomplish, springs from thine.

'Sea': Thetis'Maro': Aeneas

Words in this poem

cloudless a.
Without a cloud; clear; bright.
aurora n.
The rising light of the morning; the dawn of day; the redness of the sky just before the sun rises. [L. aurora, for ausosa, akin to Gr. ushas, and E. east.]
complexion n.
The state of being complex; complexity. [F. complexion, fr. L. complexio. See Complex, a.]
envious a.
Malignant; mischievous; spiteful. [OF. envios, F. envieux, fr. L. invidiosus, fr. invidia envy. See Envy, and cf. Invidious.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
starry a.
Abounding with stars; adorned with stars.
relieve v. t.
To lift up; to raise again, as one who has fallen; to cause to rise. Piers Plowman. [OE. releven, F. relever to raise again, discharge, relieve, fr. L. relevare to lift up, raise, make light, relieve; pref. re- re- + levare to raise, fr. levis l]
bounty n.
Goodness, kindness; virtue; worth. [OE. bounte goodness, kindness, F. bonté, fr. L. bonitas, fr. bonus good, for older duonus; cf. Skr. duvas honor, respect.]
whereon adv.
On which; -- used relatively; as, the earth whereon we live.
womb n.
The belly; the abdomen. [OE. wombe, wambe, AS. wamb, womb; akin to D. wam belly, OS. & OHG. wamba, G. wamme, wampe, Icel. vömb, Sw. v&mb, Dan. vom, Goth. wamba.]
nobly adv.
Of noble extraction; as, nobly born or descended.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
dame n.
A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger]
wield v. t.
To govern; to rule; to keep, or have in charge; also, to possess. [OE. welden to govern, to have power over, to possess, AS. geweldan, gewyldan, from wealdan; akin to OS. waldan, OFries. walda, G. walten, OHG. waltan, Icel. val]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Of the Queen is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham, Project Gutenberg ebook #12322; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edmund Waller, Of the Queen, in Cooper's Hill, and Other Poems (1645–1668), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/waller-denham/of-the-queen.html, id L09034.

Form and metre

Of the Queen is 72 lines in 7 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.9 syllables. 4 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 22% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDD buildA · fieldA · dayB · playB · voiceC · choiceC · stretch'dD · fetch'dD
  2. 2 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHH throngA · songA · ageB · rageB · fliesC · eyesC · soulD · controlD · enduredE · curedE · groundF · foundF · stoneG · shoneG · dayH · awayH
  3. 3 AABBCCDDEE stayA · awayA · accuseB · useB · graceC · faceC · eyesD · repliesD · sightE · lightE
  4. 4 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHII cryA · skyA · thereB · hereB · inclinedC · mankindC · graceD · faceD · seenE · queenE · findF · mindF · prefersG · hersG · buildsH · shieldsH · boughsI · allowsI
  5. 5 AABBCCDD nextA · vex'dA · goodB · bloodB · entertainC · reignC · lineD · confineD
  6. 6 AABBCCAADD frameA · dameA · shieldB · wieldB · beC · seaC · fameA · cameA · designD · thineD
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The lark, that shuns on lofty boughs to build10·····/˘···
Her humble nest, lies silent in the field;10·/˘··/˘···
But if (the promise of a cloudless day)10···/˘··/˘·
Aurora smiling bids her rise and play,10···/˘·····
Then straight she shows 'twas not for want of voice,10··········
Or power to climb, she made so low a choice;10·/········
Singing she mounts; her airy wings are stretch'd10/˘···/˘···
T'wards heaven, as if from heaven her note she fetch'd.10·/···/····
So we, retiring from the busy throng,10··˘/˘··/˘·
Use to restrain the ambition of our song;11··˘/·˘/˘·/·
But since the light which now informs our age10······˘//·
Breaks from the Court, indulgent to her rage,10····˘/˘···
Thither my Muse, like bold Prometheus, flies,11/˘····˘/˘˘·
To light her torch at Gloriana's eyes;10······˘/˘·
Those sov'reign beams which heal the wounded soul,10·······/˘·
And all our cares, but once beheld, control!10··/···˘/˘/
There the poor lover that has long endured10···/˘···˘/
Some proud nymph's scorn, of his fond passion cured,10·······/˘·
Fares like the man who first upon the ground10··········
A glow-worm spied, supposing he had found10····˘/˘···
A moving diamond, a breathing stone;9·/˘/˘·/˘·
For life it had, and like those jewels shone;10·······/˘·
He held it dear, till by the springing day10·······/˘·
Inform'd, he threw the worthless worm away.10˘/···/˘·˘/
She saves the lover as we gangrenes stay,10···/˘··/˘·
By cutting hope, like a lopp'd limb, away;10·/˘·····˘/
This makes her bleeding patients to accuse10···/˘/˘·˘/
High Heaven, and these expostulations use:10·/········
'Could Nature then no private woman grace,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Whom we might dare to love, with such a face,10··········
Such a complexion, and so radiant eyes,10··˘/˘··/˘·
Such lovely motion, and such sharp replies?10·/˘/˘···˘/
Beyond our reach, and yet within our sight,10··/·····/·
What envious power has placed this glorious light?'10·/˘/···/˘·
Thus, in a starry night, fond children cry10···/˘··/˘·
For the rich spangles that adorn the sky,10···/˘·˘/··
Which, though they shine for ever fixed there,10·····/˘·˘·
With light and influence relieve us here.10···/˘˘˘/··
All her affections are to one inclined;10··˘/˘···˘/
Her bounty and compassion to mankind;10·/˘·˘/˘·//
To whom, while she so far extends her grace,10······˘/··
She makes but good the promise of her face;10·····/˘···
For Mercy has, could Mercy's self be seen,10·/˘··/˘···
No sweeter look than this propitious queen.10·/˘···˘/˘·
Such guard, and comfort, the distressed find10···/˘·˘/˘·
From her large power, and from her larger mind,10···/···/˘·
That whom ill Fate would ruin, it prefers,10·····/˘·˘/
For all the miserable are made hers.10···/˘˘˘···
So the fair tree whereon the eagle builds,10····˘/·/˘·
Poor sheep from tempests, and their shepherds, shields;10···/˘··/˘·
The royal bird possesses all the boughs,10·/˘·˘/˘···
But shade and shelter to the flock allows.10···/˘···˘/
Joy of our age, and safety of the next!10··/··/˘···
For which so oft thy fertile womb is vex'd;10·····/˘···
Nobly contented, for the public good,10/˘˘/˘··/˘·
To waste thy spirits and diffuse thy blood,10···/˘·˘/··
What vast hopes may these islands entertain,10·····/˘·˘/
Where monarchs, thus descended, are to reign?10·/··˘/˘···
Led by commanders of so fair a line,10··˘/˘·····
Our seas no longer shall our power confine.10/··/˘·//˘/
A brave romance who would exactly frame,10··˘/··˘/˘·
First brings his knight from some immortal dame,10······˘/˘·
And then a weapon, and a flaming shield,10···/˘··/˘·
Bright as his mother's eyes, he makes him wield.10···/˘·····
None might the mother of Achilles be,10···/˘·˘/˘·
But the fair pearl and glory of the sea;10·····/˘···
The man to whom great Maro gives such fame,10·····/˘···
From the high bed of heavenly Venus came;10·····/˘/˘·
And our next Charles, whom all the stars design10·/······˘/
Like wonders to accomplish, springs from thine.10·/˘·˘/˘···
'Sea': Thetis3·/˘
'Maro': Aeneas5/˘/˘˘
Notes from the edition 2

George Gilfillan's notes to the Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham (1857; Project Gutenberg #12322).

  1. Stanza 6, line 6 'Sea': Thetis
  2. Stanza 6, line 7 'Maro': Aeneas

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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