Canto I

Edmund Waller (1606–1687) · 1645–1668

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 64 lines · from Poetical Works

The fear of God is freedom, joy, and peace,And makes all ills that vex us here to cease.Though the word fear some men may ill endure,'Tis such a fear as only makes secure.Ask of no angel to reveal thy fate;Look in thy heart, the mirror of thy state.He that invites will not th'invited mock,Opening to all that do in earnest knock.Our hopes are all well-grounded on this fear;All our assurance rolls upon that sphere.This fear, that drives all other fears away,Shall be my song, the morning of our day;Where that fear is, there's nothing to be fear'd;It brings from heaven an angel for a guard.Tranquillity and peace this fear does give;Hell gapes for those that do without it live.It is a beam, which He on man lets fall,Of light, by which He made and governs all.'Tis God alone should not offended be;But we please others, as more great than He.For a good cause, the sufferings of manMay well be borne; 'tis more than angels can.Man, since his fall, in no mean station rests,Above the angels, or below the beasts.He with true joy their hearts does only fill,That thirst and hunger to perform His will.Others, though rich, shall in this world be vex'd,And sadly live in terror of the next.The world's great conqu'ror would his point pursue,And wept because he could not find a new;Which had he done, yet still he would have cried,To make him work until a third he spied.Ambition, avarice, will nothing oweTo Heaven itself, unless it make them grow.Though richly fed, man's care does still exceed;Has but one mouth, yet would a thousand feed.In wealth and honour, by such men possess'd,If it increase not, there is found no rest.All their delight is while their wish comes in;Sad when it stops, as there had nothing been.'Tis strange men should neglect their present store,And take no joy but in pursuing more;No! though arrived at all the world can aim;This is the mark and glory of our frame,A soul capacious of the Deity,Nothing but He that made can satisfy.A thousand worlds, if we with Him compare,Less than so many drops of water are.Men take no pleasure but in new designs;And what they hope for, what they have outshines.Our sheep and oxen seem no more to crave,With full content feeding on what they have;Vex not themselves for an increase of store,But think to-morrow we shall give them more.What we from day to day receive from Heaven,They do from us expect it should be given.We made them not, yet they on us rely,More than vain men upon the Deity;More beasts than they! that will not understandThat we are fed from His immediate hand.Man, that in Him has being, moves, and lives,What can he have, or use, but what He gives?So that no bread can nourishment afford,Or useful be, without His sacred Word.

Words in this poem

shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
sadly adv.
Wearily; heavily; firmly.
avarice n.
An excessive or inordinate desire of gain; greediness after wealth; covetousness; cupidity. [F. avaritia, fr. avarus avaricious, prob. fr. av to covert, fr. a root av to satiate one's self: cf. Gr. av to satiate one's self, rejoice, protect.]
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
crave v. t.
To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore. [AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefia, Sw. kr, Dan. kr.]
expect v. t.
To wait for; to await. [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Canto I is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham, Project Gutenberg ebook #12322; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edmund Waller, Canto I, in Poetical Works (1645–1668), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12322, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/waller-denham/canto-i-3.html, id L09140.

Form and metre

Canto I is 64 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 75% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 4 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending.

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFF----GGHHII--JJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSS----TTUUVV----WWXX-- peaceA · ceaseA · endureB · secureB · fateC · stateC · mockD · knockD · fearE · sphereE · awayF · dayF · fear'd · guard · give · live · fallG · allG · beH · heH · manI · canI · rests · beasts · fillJ · willJ · vex'dK · nextK · pursueL · newL · criedM · spiedM · oweN · growN · exceedO · feedO · possess'dP · restP · inQ · beenQ · storeR · moreR · aimS · frameS · deity · satisfy · compare · are · designsT · outshinesT · craveU · haveU · storeV · moreV · heaven · given · rely · deity · understandW · handW · livesX · givesX · afford · word
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The fear of God is freedom, joy, and peace,10·····/˘···
And makes all ills that vex us here to cease.10··········
Though the word fear some men may ill endure,10········˘/
'Tis such a fear as only makes secure.10·····/˘·˘/
Ask of no angel to reveal thy fate;10···/˘·˘/··
Look in thy heart, the mirror of thy state.10·····/˘···
He that invites will not th'invited mock,10··˘/······
Opening to all that do in earnest knock.10/˘·····/˘·
Our hopes are all well-grounded on this fear;10/····/˘···
All our assurance rolls upon that sphere.10·/˘/˘·····
This fear, that drives all other fears away,10·····/˘·˘/
Shall be my song, the morning of our day;10·····/˘·/·
Where that fear is, there's nothing to be fear'd;10·····/˘···
It brings from heaven an angel for a guard.10···/·/˘···
Tranquillity and peace this fear does give;10˘/˘˘······
Hell gapes for those that do without it live.10··········
It is a beam, which He on man lets fall,10··········
Of light, by which He made and governs all.10·······/˘·
'Tis God alone should not offended be;10··˘/··˘/˘·
But we please others, as more great than He.10···/˘·····
For a good cause, the sufferings of man10·····/˘˘··
May well be borne; 'tis more than angels can.10·······/˘·
Man, since his fall, in no mean station rests,10·······/˘·
Above the angels, or below the beasts.10···/˘·····
He with true joy their hearts does only fill,10·······/˘·
That thirst and hunger to perform His will.10···/˘·˘/··
Others, though rich, shall in this world be vex'd,10/˘········
And sadly live in terror of the next.10·/˘··/˘···
The world's great conqu'ror would his point pursue,11·········˘/
And wept because he could not find a new;10··········
Which had he done, yet still he would have cried,10··········
To make him work until a third he spied.10··········
Ambition, avarice, will nothing owe10˘/˘/˘˘·/˘·
To Heaven itself, unless it make them grow.10·/˘/······
Though richly fed, man's care does still exceed;10·/˘·····˘/
Has but one mouth, yet would a thousand feed.10·······/˘·
In wealth and honour, by such men possess'd,10···/˘···˘/
If it increase not, there is found no rest.10··˘/······
All their delight is while their wish comes in;10··˘/······
Sad when it stops, as there had nothing been.10·······/˘·
'Tis strange men should neglect their present store,10····˘/·/˘·
And take no joy but in pursuing more;10······˘/˘·
No! though arrived at all the world can aim;10··˘/······
This is the mark and glory of our frame,10·····/˘·/·
A soul capacious of the Deity,10··˘/˘··/˘˘
Nothing but He that made can satisfy.10/˘·····/˘·
A thousand worlds, if we with Him compare,10·/˘·····˘/
Less than so many drops of water are.10···/˘··/˘·
Men take no pleasure but in new designs;10···/˘···˘/
And what they hope for, what they have outshines.10········/·
Our sheep and oxen seem no more to crave,10/··/˘·····
With full content feeding on what they have;10··/˘/˘····
Vex not themselves for an increase of store,10··˘/··˘/··
But think to-morrow we shall give them more.10···/˘·····
What we from day to day receive from Heaven,11······˘/·/˘
They do from us expect it should be given.11····˘/···/˘
We made them not, yet they on us rely,10········˘/
More than vain men upon the Deity;10·······/˘˘
More beasts than they! that will not understand10········˘/
That we are fed from His immediate hand.10······˘/˘·
Man, that in Him has being, moves, and lives,10·····/˘···
What can he have, or use, but what He gives?10··········
So that no bread can nourishment afford,10·····/˘˘˘/
Or useful be, without His sacred Word.10·/˘····/˘·
Notes from the edition 1

George Gilfillan's notes to the Poetical Works of Edmund Waller and Sir John Denham (1857; Project Gutenberg #12322).

  1. Line 29 'Great conqueror': Alexander.

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