The Ruins of Lo-Yang

Various (about 800), translated by Arthur Waley · 1918

iambic tetrameter · 29 lines · from A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems

I climb to the ridge of Pei Mang MountainAnd look down on the city of Lo-yang.In Lo-yang how still it is!Palaces and houses all burnt to ashes.Walls and fences all broken and gaping,Thorns and brambles shooting up to the sky.I do not see the old old-men:I only see the new young men.I turn aside, for the straight road is lost:The fields are overgrown and will never be ploughed again.I have been away such a long timeThat I do not know which street is which.How sad and ugly the empty moors are!A thousand miles without the smoke of a chimney.I think of the house I lived in all those years:I am heart-tied and cannot speak.

“Wondrous was the wall-stone,Weirdly broken;Burgh-steads bursten,Giants’ work tumbleth,Roofs are wrenched,Towers totter,Bereft of rune-gates.Smoke is on the plaster,Scarred the shower-burghs,Shorn and shattered,By eld under-eaten.Earth’s grip havethWealders and workmen.”

Words in this poem

yang n.
The cry of the wild goose; a honk. [Of imitative origin.]
chimney n.
A fireplace or hearth. Sir W. Raleigh.
wondrous adv.
In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Ruins of Lo-Yang is in the public domain. This text is taken from A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #42290, the Arthur Waley translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Various, The Ruins of Lo-Yang, in A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (1918), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #42290, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/waley-chinese/the-ruins-of-lo-yang.html, id L18769.

Form and metre

The Ruins of Lo-Yang is 29 lines in 2 stanzas. This poem did not settle on a metre of its own; the book it comes from is in iambic tetrameter. 91% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.5 syllables. 12 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 10% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -ABBA-CC-C------ mountain · yangA · isB · ashesB · gapingA · sky · menC · menC · lost · againC · time · which · are · chimney · years · speak
  2. 2 AA----------- stoneA · brokenA · bursten · tumbleth · wrenched · totter · gates · plaster · burghs · shattered · eaten · haveth · workmen
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I climb to the ridge of Pei Mang Mountain10········/˘
And look down on the city of Lo-yang.10·····/˘···
In Lo-yang how still it is!7·······
Palaces and houses all burnt to ashes.11/˘˘·/˘···/˘
Walls and fences all broken and gaping,10··/˘·/˘·/˘
Thorns and brambles shooting up to the sky.10··/˘/˘····
I do not see the old old-men:8········
I only see the new young men.8·/˘·····
I turn aside, for the straight road is lost:10··˘/······
The fields are overgrown and will never be ploughed again.14····˘/··/˘··˘/
I have been away such a long time9···˘/····
That I do not know which street is which.9·········
How sad and ugly the empty moors are!10···/˘·/˘··
A thousand miles without the smoke of a chimney.12·/˘·······/˘
I think of the house I lived in all those years:11···········
I am heart-tied and cannot speak.8·····/˘·
“Wondrous was the wall-stone,6/˘····
Weirdly broken;4/˘/˘
Burgh-steads bursten,4··/˘
Giants’ work tumbleth,6/˘·/˘˘
Roofs are wrenched,3···
Towers totter,4/˘/˘
Bereft of rune-gates.5˘/···
Smoke is on the plaster,6····/˘
Scarred the shower-burghs,5··/˘·
Shorn and shattered,4··/˘
By eld under-eaten.6····/˘
Earth’s grip haveth4····
Wealders and workmen.”5···/˘
Notes from the edition 2

Arthur Waley's notes to A Hundred and Seventy Chinese Poems (1918; Project Gutenberg #42290).

  1. Stanza 2, line 2 By Fate.
  2. Stanza 2, line 13 Rulers.

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Various