Dumbness
Sure Man was born to meditate on things,And to contemplate the eternal springsOf God and Nature, glory, bliss, and pleasure;That life and love might be his Heavenly treasure;And therefore speechless made at first, that HeMight in himself profoundly busied be:And not vent out, before he hath ta'en inThose antidotes that guard his soul from sin.Wise Nature made him deaf, too, that He mightNot be disturbed, while he doth take delightIn inward things, nor be deprav'd with tongues,Nor injured by the errors and the wrongsThat mortal words convey. For sin and deathAre most infused by accursed breath,That flowing from corrupted entrails, bearThose hidden plagues which souls may justly fear.This, my dear friends, this was my blessed case;For nothing spoke to me but the fair faceOf Heaven and Earth, before myself could speak,I then my Bliss did, when my silence, break.My non-intelligence of human wordsTen thousand pleasures unto me affords;For while I knew not what they to me said,Before their souls were into mine convey'd,Before that living vehicle of windCould breathe into me their infected mind,Before my thoughts were leaven'd with theirs, beforeThere any mixture was; the Holy Door,Or gate of souls was close, and mine being oneWithin itself to me alone was known.Then did I dwell within a world of light,Distinct and separate from all men's sight,Where I did feel strange thoughts, and such things seeThat were, or seem'd, only reveal'd to me,There I saw all the world enjoyed by one;There I was in the world myself alone;No business serious seemed but one; no workBut one was found; and that did in me lurk.D'ye ask me what? It was with clearer eyesTo see all creatures full of Deities;Especially one's self: And to admireThe satisfaction of all true desire:'Twas to be pleased with all that God hath done;'Twas to enjoy even all beneath the sun:'Twas with a steady and immediate senseTo feel and measure all the excellenceOf things; 'twas to inherit endless treasure,And to be filled with everlasting pleasure:To reign in silence, and to sing alone,To see, love, covet, have, enjoy and praise, in one:To prize and to be ravish'd; to be true,Sincere and single in a blessed viewOf all His gifts. Thus was I pent withinA fort, inpregnable to any sin:Until the avenues being open laidWhole legions entered, and the forts betrayed:Before which time a pulpit in my mind,A temple and a teacher I did find,With a large text to comment on. No earBut eyes themselves were all the hearers there,And every stone, and every star a tongue,And every gale of wind a curious song.The Heavens were an oracle, and spakeDivinity: the Earth did undertakeThe office of a priest; and I being dumb(Nothing besides was dumb), all things did comeWith voices and instructions; but when IHad gained a tongue, their power began to die.Mine ears let other noises in, not theirs,A noise disturbing all my songs and prayers.My foes pulled down the temple to the ground;They my adoring soul did deeply woundAnd casting that into a swoon, destroyedThe Oracle, and all I there enjoyed:And having once inspired me with a senseOf foreign vanities, they march out thenceIn troops that cover and despoil my coasts,Being the invisible, most hurtful hosts.Yet the first words mine infancy did hearThe things which in my dumbness did appear,Preventing all the rest, got such a rootWithin my heart, and stick so close unto 't,It may be trampled on, but still will growAnd nutriment to soil itself will owe.The first Impressions are Immortal all,And let mine enemies hoop, cry, roar, or call,Yet these will whisper if I will but hear,And penetrate the heart, if not the ear.
Words in this poem
- contemplate v. t.
- To look at on all sides or in all its bearings; to view or consider with continued attention; to regard with deliberate care; to meditate on; to study. [L. contemplatus, p.p. of contemplari to contemplate; con- + templum a space for observation marked out by the augur. See Temple.]
- speechless a.
- Destitute or deprived of the faculty of speech.
- profoundly adv.
- In a profound manner.
- spoke n.
- The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
- dwell v. i.
- To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
- clearer n.
- One who, or that which, clears.
- admire v. t.
- To regard with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to marvel at. [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]
- pent p. p.
- Penned or shut up; confined; -- often with up. [From Pen, v. t.]
- curious a.
- Difficult to please or satisfy; solicitous to be correct; careful; scrupulous; nice; exact. [OF. curios, curius, F. curieux, L. curiosus careful, inquisitive, fr. cura care. See Cure.]
- oracle v. i.
- To utter oracles.
- despoil v. t.
- To strip, as of clothing; to divest or unclothe. [OF. despoiller, F. dépouiller, L. despoliare, despoliatum; de- + spoliare to strip, rob, spolium spoil, booty. Cf. Spoil, Despoliation.]
- dumbness n.
- The quality or state of being dumb; muteness; silence; inability to speak.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Dumbness is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Thomas Traherne, 1636?-1674, from the original manuscripts, Project Gutenberg ebook #61586; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Thomas Traherne, Dumbness, in Poetical Works (1903), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #61586, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/traherne-poems/dumbness.html, id L13303.
Form and metre
Dumbness is 88 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 77% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 7 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 40% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDEE--FFGGHH------IIJJ--KKLL--MMNN--OOPPQQ--RRSSTTUUVV--WWXXYYZZaabbccddee--ffgghh thingsA · springsA · pleasureB · treasureB · heC · beC · inD · sinD · mightE · delightE · tongues · wrongs · deathF · breathF · bearG · fearG · caseH · faceH · speak · break · words · affords · said · convey'd · windI · mindI · beforeJ · doorJ · one · known · lightK · sightK · seeL · meL · one · alone · workM · lurkM · eyesN · deitiesN · admire · desire · doneO · sunO · senseP · excellenceP · treasureQ · pleasureQ · alone · one · trueR · viewR · withinS · sinS · laidT · betrayedT · mindU · findU · earV · thereV · tongue · song · spakeW · undertakeW · dumbX · comeX · iY · dieY · theirsZ · prayersZ · grounda · wounda · destroyedb · enjoyedb · sensec · thencec · coastsd · hostsd · heare · appeare · root · t · growf · owef · allg · callg · hearh · earh
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Sure Man was born to meditate on things, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And to contemplate the eternal springs | 10 | ··/˘··˘/˘· |
| Of God and Nature, glory, bliss, and pleasure; | 11 | ···/˘/˘··/˘ |
| That life and love might be his Heavenly treasure; | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| And therefore speechless made at first, that He | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Might in himself profoundly busied be: | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘/˘· |
| And not vent out, before he hath ta'en in | 10 | ·········· |
| Those antidotes that guard his soul from sin. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Wise Nature made him deaf, too, that He might | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Not be disturbed, while he doth take delight | 10 | ··˘/····˘/ |
| In inward things, nor be deprav'd with tongues, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/·· |
| Nor injured by the errors and the wrongs | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| That mortal words convey. For sin and death | 10 | ·/˘·˘/···· |
| Are most infused by accursed breath, | 10 | ··˘/˘···˘· |
| That flowing from corrupted entrails, bear | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘/˘· |
| Those hidden plagues which souls may justly fear. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| This, my dear friends, this was my blessed case; | 10 | ········˘· |
| For nothing spoke to me but the fair face | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Of Heaven and Earth, before myself could speak, | 10 | ·/·····/·· |
| I then my Bliss did, when my silence, break. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| My non-intelligence of human words | 10 | ··˘/˘˘·/˘· |
| Ten thousand pleasures unto me affords; | 10 | ·/˘/˘···˘/ |
| For while I knew not what they to me said, | 10 | ·········· |
| Before their souls were into mine convey'd, | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Before that living vehicle of wind | 10 | ···/˘/˘˘·· |
| Could breathe into me their infected mind, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Before my thoughts were leaven'd with theirs, before | 11 | ·····/˘···· |
| There any mixture was; the Holy Door, | 10 | ·/˘/˘··/˘· |
| Or gate of souls was close, and mine being one | 10 | ········/· |
| Within itself to me alone was known. | 10 | ··˘/··˘/·· |
| Then did I dwell within a world of light, | 10 | ·········· |
| Distinct and separate from all men's sight, | 10 | ˘/·/˘····· |
| Where I did feel strange thoughts, and such things see | 10 | ·········· |
| That were, or seem'd, only reveal'd to me, | 10 | ····/˘˘/·· |
| There I saw all the world enjoyed by one; | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| There I was in the world myself alone; | 10 | ·······/˘/ |
| No business serious seemed but one; no work | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| But one was found; and that did in me lurk. | 10 | ·········· |
| D'ye ask me what? It was with clearer eyes | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| To see all creatures full of Deities; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| Especially one's self: And to admire | 9 | ˘/˘····˘/ |
| The satisfaction of all true desire: | 11 | ··˘/˘···˘/˘ |
| 'Twas to be pleased with all that God hath done; | 10 | ·········· |
| 'Twas to enjoy even all beneath the sun: | 10 | ··˘//····· |
| 'Twas with a steady and immediate sense | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| To feel and measure all the excellence | 10 | ···/˘··/˘˘ |
| Of things; 'twas to inherit endless treasure, | 11 | ····˘/˘/˘/˘ |
| And to be filled with everlasting pleasure: | 11 | ······˘/˘/˘ |
| To reign in silence, and to sing alone, | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| To see, love, covet, have, enjoy and praise, in one: | 12 | ···/˘·˘/···· |
| To prize and to be ravish'd; to be true, | 10 | ·········· |
| Sincere and single in a blessed view | 10 | ˘/·/˘···˘· |
| Of all His gifts. Thus was I pent within | 10 | ·········· |
| A fort, inpregnable to any sin: | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Until the avenues being open laid | 10 | ···/˘·//˘· |
| Whole legions entered, and the forts betrayed: | 10 | ·/˘/˘···˘/ |
| Before which time a pulpit in my mind, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| A temple and a teacher I did find, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| With a large text to comment on. No ear | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| But eyes themselves were all the hearers there, | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| And every stone, and every star a tongue, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| And every gale of wind a curious song. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| The Heavens were an oracle, and spake | 10 | ·/˘··/˘˘·· |
| Divinity: the Earth did undertake | 10 | ˘/˘˘···/˘· |
| The office of a priest; and I being dumb | 10 | ·/˘·····/· |
| (Nothing besides was dumb), all things did come | 10 | /˘·/······ |
| With voices and instructions; but when I | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| Had gained a tongue, their power began to die. | 10 | ·····/˘/·· |
| Mine ears let other noises in, not theirs, | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| A noise disturbing all my songs and prayers. | 10 | ··˘/˘····· |
| My foes pulled down the temple to the ground; | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| They my adoring soul did deeply wound | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| And casting that into a swoon, destroyed | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| The Oracle, and all I there enjoyed: | 10 | ·/˘˘····˘/ |
| And having once inspired me with a sense | 10 | ·/˘·˘/···· |
| Of foreign vanities, they march out thence | 10 | ·/˘/˘˘···· |
| In troops that cover and despoil my coasts, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/·· |
| Being the invisible, most hurtful hosts. | 10 | /·˘/˘˘·/˘· |
| Yet the first words mine infancy did hear | 10 | ·····/˘˘·· |
| The things which in my dumbness did appear, | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| Preventing all the rest, got such a root | 10 | ˘/˘······· |
| Within my heart, and stick so close unto 't, | 11 | ··········· |
| It may be trampled on, but still will grow | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And nutriment to soil itself will owe. | 10 | ·/˘˘··˘/·· |
| The first Impressions are Immortal all, | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| And let mine enemies hoop, cry, roar, or call, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Yet these will whisper if I will but hear, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And penetrate the heart, if not the ear. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
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