This truth came borne with bier and pall

Alfred Tennyson (1809–1892) · 1850

iambic tetrameter · ABBA · 120 lines · from In Memoriam A.H.H.

This truth came borne with bier and pall,I felt it, when I sorrow’d most,’Tis better to have loved and lost,Than never to have loved at all----

O true in word, and tried in deed,Demanding, so to bring reliefTo this which is our common grief,What kind of life is that I lead;

And whether trust in things above,Be dimm’d of sorrow, or sustain’d;And whether love for him have drain’dMy capabilities of love;

Your words have virtue such as drawsA faithful answer from the breast,Thro’ light reproaches, half exprest,And loyal unto kindly laws.

My blood an even tenor kept,Till on mine ear this message falls,That in Vienna’s fatal wallsGod’s finger touch’d him, and he slept.

The great Intelligences fairThat range above our mortal state,In circle round the blessed gate,Received and gave him welcome there;

And led him through the blissful climes,And show’d him in the fountain freshAll knowledge that the sons of fleshShall gather in the cycled times.

But I remain’d, whose hopes were dim,Whose life, whose thoughts were little worth,To wander on a darken’d earth,Where all things round me breathed of him.

O friendship, equal-poised control,O heart, with kindliest motion warm,O sacred essence, other form,O solemn ghost! O crowned soul!

Yet none could better know than I,How much of act at human handsThe sense of human will demands,By which we dare to live or die.

Whatever way my days decline,I felt and feel, though left alone,His being working in mine own,The footsteps of his life in mine;

A life that all the Muses deck’dWith gifts of grace that might expressAll-comprehensive tenderness,All-subtilising intellect:

And so my passion hath not swervedTo works of weakness, but I findAn image comforting the mind,And in my grief a strength reserved.

Likewise the imaginative woe,That loved to handle spiritual strife,Diffused the shock through all my life,But in the present broke the blow.

My pulses therefore beat againFor other friends that once I met;Nor can it suit me to forgetThe mighty hopes that make us men.

I woo your love: I count it crimeTo mourn for any overmuch;I, the divided half of suchA friendship as had master’d Time;

Which masters Time indeed, and isEternal, separate from fears.The all-assuming months and yearsCan take no part away from this:

But Summer on the steaming floods,And Spring that swells the narrow brooks,And Autumn, with a noise of rooks,That gather in the waning woods,

And every pulse of wind and waveRecalls, in change of light or gloom,My old affection of the tomb,And my prime passion in the grave:

My old affection of the tomb,A part of stillness, yearns to speak;‘Arise, and get thee forth and seekA friendship for the years to come.

I watch thee from the quiet shore;Thy spirit up to mine can reach;But in dear words of human speechWe two communicate no more.’

And I ‘Can clouds of nature stainThe starry clearness of the free?How is it? Canst thou feel for meSome painless sympathy with pain?’

And lightly does the whisper fall;‘’Tis hard for thee to fathom this;I triumph in conclusive bliss,And that serene result of all.’

So hold I commerce with the dead;Or so methinks the dead would say;Or so shall grief with symbols play,And pining life be fancy-fed.

Now looking to some settled end,That these things pass, and I shall proveA meeting somewhere, love with love,I crave your pardon, O my friend;

If not so fresh, with love as true,I, clasping brother-hands, averI could not, if I would, transferThe whole I felt for him to you.

For which be they that hold apartThe promise of the golden hours?First love, first friendship, equal powersThat marry with the virgin heart.

Still mine that cannot but deplore,That beats within a lonely place,That yet remembers his embrace,But at his footstep leaps no more,

My heart, tho’ widow’d, may not restQuite in the love of what is gone,But seeks to beat in time with oneThat warms another living breast.

Ah, take the imperfect gift I bring,Knowing the primrose yet is dear,The primrose of the later year,As not unlike to that of Spring.

Words in this poem 15
bier n.
A handbarrow or portable frame on which a corpse is placed or borne to the grave. [OE. bæe, beere, AS. b, b; akin to D. baar, OHG. bara, G. bahre, Icel barar, Dbaare, L. feretrum, Gr. , from the same bear to produce. See 1st Bear, and cf. Barr]
blissful a.
Full of, characterized by, or causing, joy and felicity; happy in the highest degree.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
ghost n.
The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
broke v. i.
To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
waning n.
The act or process of waning, or decreasing.
stillness n.
The quality or state of being still; quietness; silence; calmness; inactivity.
starry a.
Abounding with stars; adorned with stars.
painless a.
Free from pain; without pain.
methinks v.
It seems to me; I think. See Me. [AS. þyncan to seem, me þynceedh, me þuhte, OE. me thinketh, me thoughte; akin to G. dünken to seem, denken to think, and E. think. See Me, and Think.]
somewhere adv.
In some place unknown or not specified; in one place or another.
crave v. t.
To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore. [AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefia, Sw. kr, Dan. kr.]
aver n.
A work horse, or working ox. [OF. aver domestic animal, whence LL. averia, pl. cattle. See Habit, and cf. Average.]
deplore v. t.
To feel or to express deep and poignant grief for; to bewail; to lament; to mourn; to sorrow over. [L. deplorare; de- + plorare to cry out, wail, lament; prob. akin to pluere to rain, and to E. flow: cf. F. déplorer. Cf. Flow.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

This truth came borne with bier and pall is in the public domain. This text is taken from In memoriam, Project Gutenberg ebook #70950; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Alfred Tennyson, This truth came borne with bier and pall, in In Memoriam A.H.H. (1850), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #70950, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/tennyson-in-memoriam/section-83.html, id L18443.

Form and metre

This truth came borne with bier and pall is 120 lines in 30 stanzas of 4 lines each. Every stanza rhymes ABBA. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 93%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.0 syllables. 5 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 25% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABBA pallA · mostB · lostB · allA
  2. 2 ABBA deedA · reliefB · griefB · leadA
  3. 3 ABBA aboveA · sustain'dB · drain'dB · loveA
  4. 4 ABBA drawsA · breastB · exprestB · lawsA
  5. 5 ABBA keptA · fallsB · wallsB · sleptA
  6. 6 ABBA fairA · stateB · gateB · thereA
  7. 7 ABBA climesA · freshB · fleshB · timesA
  8. 8 ABBA dimA · worthB · earthB · himA
  9. 9 ABBA controlA · warmB · formB · soulA
  10. 10 ABBA iA · handsB · demandsB · dieA
  11. 11 ABBA declineA · aloneB · ownB · mineA
  12. 12 ABBA deck'dA · expressB · tendernessB · intellectA
  13. 13 ABBA swervedA · findB · mindB · reservedA
  14. 14 ABBA woeA · strifeB · lifeB · blowA
  15. 15 ABBA againA · metB · forgetB · menA
  16. 16 ABBA crimeA · overmuchB · suchB · timeA
  17. 17 ABBA isA · fearsB · yearsB · thisA
  18. 18 ABBA floodsA · brooksB · rooksB · woodsA
  19. 19 ABBA waveA · gloomB · tombB · graveA
  20. 20 ABBA tombA · speakB · seekB · comeA
  21. 21 ABBA shoreA · reachB · speechB · moreA
  22. 22 ABBA stainA · freeB · meB · painA
  23. 23 ABBA fallA · thisB · blissB · allA
  24. 24 ABBA deadA · sayB · playB · fedA
  25. 25 ABBA endA · proveB · loveB · friendA
  26. 26 ABBA trueA · averB · transferB · youA
  27. 27 ABBA apartA · hoursB · powersB · heartA
  28. 28 ABBA deploreA · placeB · embraceB · moreA
  29. 29 ABBA restA · goneB · oneB · breastA
  30. 30 ABBA bringA · dearB · yearB · springA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
This truth came borne with bier and pall,8········
I felt it, when I sorrow’d most,8········
’Tis better to have loved and lost,8·/˘·····
Than never to have loved at all----8·/˘·····
O true in word, and tried in deed,8········
Demanding, so to bring relief8˘/˘···˘/
To this which is our common grief,8····//˘·
What kind of life is that I lead;8········
And whether trust in things above,8········
Be dimm’d of sorrow, or sustain’d;8···/˘·˘/
And whether love for him have drain’d8········
My capabilities of love;8··˘/˘˘··
Your words have virtue such as draws8···/˘···
A faithful answer from the breast,8·/˘/˘···
Thro’ light reproaches, half exprest,8··˘/˘···
And loyal unto kindly laws.8·/˘··/˘·
My blood an even tenor kept,8···/˘/˘·
Till on mine ear this message falls,8·····/˘·
That in Vienna’s fatal walls8··˘/˘/˘·
God’s finger touch’d him, and he slept.8·/˘·····
The great Intelligences fair8··˘/˘˘˘·
That range above our mortal state,8····//˘·
In circle round the blessed gate,8·/˘···˘·
Received and gave him welcome there;8˘/···/˘·
And led him through the blissful climes,8·····/˘·
And show’d him in the fountain fresh8·····/˘·
All knowledge that the sons of flesh8·/˘·····
Shall gather in the cycled times.8·/˘··/˘·
But I remain’d, whose hopes were dim,8··˘/····
Whose life, whose thoughts were little worth,8·····/˘·
To wander on a darken’d earth,8·/˘··/˘·
Where all things round me breathed of him.8········
O friendship, equal-poised control,8·/˘/˘·˘/
O heart, with kindliest motion warm,8·····/˘·
O sacred essence, other form,8·/˘/˘/˘·
O solemn ghost! O crowned soul!8·/˘···˘·
Yet none could better know than I,8···/˘···
How much of act at human hands8·····/˘·
The sense of human will demands,8···/˘·˘/
By which we dare to live or die.8········
Whatever way my days decline,8·/˘···˘/
I felt and feel, though left alone,8······˘/
His being working in mine own,8·/˘/˘···
The footsteps of his life in mine;8·/······
A life that all the Muses deck’d8·····/˘·
With gifts of grace that might express8······˘/
All-comprehensive tenderness,8··˘/˘/˘˘
All-subtilising intellect:8·····/˘·
And so my passion hath not swerved8···/˘···
To works of weakness, but I find8···/˘···
An image comforting the mind,8·/˘/˘˘··
And in my grief a strength reserved.8······˘/
Likewise the imaginative woe,8/··˘/˘˘·
That loved to handle spiritual strife,8···/˘/˘·
Diffused the shock through all my life,8˘/······
But in the present broke the blow.8···/˘···
My pulses therefore beat again8·/˘···˘/
For other friends that once I met;8·/˘·····
Nor can it suit me to forget8······˘/
The mighty hopes that make us men.8·/˘·····
I woo your love: I count it crime8········
To mourn for any overmuch;8···/˘/˘˘
I, the divided half of such8··˘/˘···
A friendship as had master’d Time;8·/˘··/˘·
Which masters Time indeed, and is8·/˘·˘/··
Eternal, separate from fears.8˘/˘/˘···
The all-assuming months and years8··˘/˘···
Can take no part away from this:8····˘/··
But Summer on the steaming floods,8·/˘··/˘·
And Spring that swells the narrow brooks,8·····/˘·
And Autumn, with a noise of rooks,8·/˘·····
That gather in the waning woods,8·/˘··/˘·
And every pulse of wind and wave8·/˘·····
Recalls, in change of light or gloom,8/·······
My old affection of the tomb,8··˘/˘···
And my prime passion in the grave:8···/˘···
My old affection of the tomb,8··˘/˘···
A part of stillness, yearns to speak;8···/˘···
‘Arise, and get thee forth and seek8˘/······
A friendship for the years to come.8·/˘·····
I watch thee from the quiet shore;8·····/˘·
Thy spirit up to mine can reach;8·/˘·····
But in dear words of human speech8·····/˘·
We two communicate no more.’8··˘/˘···
And I ‘Can clouds of nature stain8·····/˘·
The starry clearness of the free?8·/˘/˘···
How is it? Canst thou feel for me8········
Some painless sympathy with pain?’8·/˘/˘˘··
And lightly does the whisper fall;8·/˘··/˘·
‘’Tis hard for thee to fathom this;8·····/˘·
I triumph in conclusive bliss,8·/˘·˘/˘·
And that serene result of all.’8··˘/˘/··
So hold I commerce with the dead;8···/˘···
Or so methinks the dead would say;8··˘/····
Or so shall grief with symbols play,8·····/˘·
And pining life be fancy-fed.8·/˘··/˘·
Now looking to some settled end,8·/˘··/˘·
That these things pass, and I shall prove8········
A meeting somewhere, love with love,8·/˘/····
I crave your pardon, O my friend;8···/˘···
If not so fresh, with love as true,8········
I, clasping brother-hands, aver8·/˘/˘·/˘
I could not, if I would, transfer8······˘/
The whole I felt for him to you.8········
For which be they that hold apart8······˘/
The promise of the golden hours?9·/˘··/˘/˘
First love, first friendship, equal powers9···/˘/˘/˘
That marry with the virgin heart.8·/˘··/˘·
Still mine that cannot but deplore,8···/˘·˘/
That beats within a lonely place,8·····/˘·
That yet remembers his embrace,8··˘/˘·˘/
But at his footstep leaps no more,8···/····
My heart, tho’ widow’d, may not rest8···/˘···
Quite in the love of what is gone,8········
But seeks to beat in time with one8········
That warms another living breast.8··˘/˘/˘·
Ah, take the imperfect gift I bring,9···˘/˘···
Knowing the primrose yet is dear,8/˘·/····
The primrose of the later year,8·/···/˘·
As not unlike to that of Spring.8··˘/····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Alfred Tennyson