Calm is the morn without a sound

Alfred Tennyson (1809–1892) · 1850

iambic tetrameter · ABBA · 20 lines · from In Memoriam A.H.H.

Calm is the morn without a sound,Calm as to suit a calmer grief,And only thro’ the faded leafThe chesnut pattering to the ground:

Calm and deep peace on this high wold,And on these dews that drench the furze,And all the silvery gossamersThat twinkle into green and gold:

Calm and still light on yon great plainThat sweeps with all its autumn bowers,And crowded farms and lessening towers,To mingle with the bounding main:

Calm and deep peace in this wide air,These leaves that redden to the fall;And in my heart, if calm at all,If any calm, a calm despair:

Calm on the seas, and silver sleep,And waves that sway themselves in rest,And dead calm in that noble breastWhich heaves but with the heaving deep.

Words in this poem

morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
calmer n.
One who, or that which, makes calm.
wold n.
A wood; a forest. [OE. wold, wald, AS. weald, wald, a wood, forest; akin to OFries. & OS. wald, D. woud, G. wald, Icel. völlr, a field, and probably to Gr. va a garden, inclosure.]
twinkle v. i.
To open and shut the eye rapidly; to blink; to wink. [OE. twinklen, AS. twinclian; akin to OE. twinken to blink, wink, G. zwinken, zwinkern, and perhaps to E. twitch.]
heaves n.
A disease of horses, characterized by difficult breathing, with heaving of the flank, wheezing, flatulency, and a peculiar cough; broken wind.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Calm is the morn without a sound is in the public domain. This text is taken from In memoriam, Project Gutenberg ebook #70950; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Alfred Tennyson, Calm is the morn without a sound, in In Memoriam A.H.H. (1850), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #70950, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/tennyson-in-memoriam/section-11.html, id L18371.

Form and metre

Calm is the morn without a sound is 20 lines in 5 stanzas of 4 lines each. Every stanza rhymes ABBA. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.1 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 20% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABBA soundA · griefB · leafB · groundA
  2. 2 ABBA woldA · furzeB · gossamersB · goldA
  3. 3 ABBA plainA · bowersB · towersB · mainA
  4. 4 ABBA airA · fallB · allB · despairA
  5. 5 ABBA sleepA · restB · breastB · deepA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Calm is the morn without a sound,8········
Calm as to suit a calmer grief,8·····/˘·
And only thro’ the faded leaf8·/˘··/˘·
The chesnut pattering to the ground:8·/·/˘···
Calm and deep peace on this high wold,8········
And on these dews that drench the furze,8········
And all the silvery gossamers9···/˘˘/˘˘
That twinkle into green and gold:8·/˘·····
Calm and still light on yon great plain8········
That sweeps with all its autumn bowers,9·····/˘/˘
And crowded farms and lessening towers,8·/˘··/˘/
To mingle with the bounding main:8·/˘··/˘·
Calm and deep peace in this wide air,8········
These leaves that redden to the fall;8···/˘···
And in my heart, if calm at all,8········
If any calm, a calm despair:8·/˘···˘/
Calm on the seas, and silver sleep,8·····/˘·
And waves that sway themselves in rest,8····˘/··
And dead calm in that noble breast8·····/˘·
Which heaves but with the heaving deep.8·····/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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