On that last night before we went

Alfred Tennyson (1809–1892) · 1850

iambic tetrameter · ABBA · 56 lines · from In Memoriam A.H.H.

On that last night before we wentFrom out the doors where I was bred,I dream’d a vision of the dead,Which left my after morn content.

Methought I dwelt within a hall,And maidens with me: distant hillsFrom hidden summits fed with rillsA river sliding by the wall.

The hall with harp and carol rang.They sang of what is wise and goodAnd graceful. In the centre stoodA statue veil’d, to which they sang;

And which, tho’ veil’d, was known to me,The shape of him I loved, and loveFor ever: then flew in a doveAnd brought a summons from the sea:

And when they learnt that I must goThey wept and wail’d, but led the wayTo where a little shallop layAt anchor in the flood below;

And on by many a level mead,And shadowing bluff that made the banks,We glided winding under ranksOf iris, and the golden reed;

And still as vaster grew the shore,And roll’d the floods in grander space,The maidens gather’d strength and graceAnd presence, lordlier than before;

And I myself, who sat apartAnd watch’d them, waxt in every limb;I felt the thews of Anakim,The pulses of a Titan’s heart;

As one would sing the death of war,And one would chant the historyOf that great race, which is to be,And one the shaping of a star;

Until the forward-creeping tidesBegan to foam, and we to drawFrom deep to deep, to where we sawA great ship lift her shining sides.

The man we loved was there on deck,But thrice as large as man he bentTo greet us. Up the side I went,And fell in silence on his neck:

Whereat those maidens with one mindBewail’d their lot; I did them wrong:‘We served thee here,’ they said, ‘so long,And wilt thou leave us now behind?’

So rapt I was, they could not winAn answer from my lips, but heReplying, ‘Enter likewise yeAnd go with us:’ they enter’d in.

And while the wind began to sweepA music out of sheet and shroud,We steer’d her toward a crimson cloudThat landlike slept along the deep.

Words in this poem

went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
carol v. t.
To praise or celebrate in song.
centre v. i.
To be placed in a center; to be central.
shadowing n.
Shade, or gradation of light and color; shading. Feltham.
bluff a.
Having a broad, flattened front; as, the bluff bows of a ship. [Cf. OD. blaf flat, broad, blaffaert one with a broad face, also, a boaster; or G. verblüffen to confuse, LG. bluffen to frighten; to unknown origin.]
anakim n.
A race of giants living in Palestine. [Heb.]
whereat adv.
At which; upon which; whereupon; -- used relatively.
rapt n.
An ecstasy; a trance. Bp. Morton. [From F. rapt abduction, rape, L. raptus, fr. rapere to seize and carry off, to transport; or fr. E. rapt, a. See Rapt, a., and Rapid.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

On that last night before we went is in the public domain. This text is taken from In memoriam, Project Gutenberg ebook #70950; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Alfred Tennyson, On that last night before we went, in In Memoriam A.H.H. (1850), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #70950, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/tennyson-in-memoriam/section-101.html, id L18461.

Form and metre

On that last night before we went is 56 lines in 14 stanzas of 4 lines each. Every stanza rhymes ABBA. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 93%). 99% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 43% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABBA wentA · bredB · deadB · contentA
  2. 2 ABBA hallA · hillsB · rillsB · wallA
  3. 3 ABBA rangA · goodB · stoodB · sangA
  4. 4 ABBA meA · loveB · doveB · seaA
  5. 5 ABBA goA · wayB · layB · belowA
  6. 6 ABBA meadA · banksB · ranksB · reedA
  7. 7 ABBA shoreA · spaceB · graceB · beforeA
  8. 8 ABBA apartA · limbB · anakimB · heartA
  9. 9 ABBA warA · historyB · beB · starA
  10. 10 ABBA tidesA · drawB · sawB · sidesA
  11. 11 ABBA deckA · bentB · wentB · neckA
  12. 12 ABBA mindA · wrongB · longB · behindA
  13. 13 ABBA winA · heB · yeB · inA
  14. 14 ABBA sweepA · shroudB · cloudB · deepA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
On that last night before we went8········
From out the doors where I was bred,8········
I dream’d a vision of the dead,8···/˘···
Which left my after morn content.8······/˘
Methought I dwelt within a hall,8˘/······
And maidens with me: distant hills8·/˘··/˘·
From hidden summits fed with rills8·/˘/˘···
A river sliding by the wall.8·/˘/˘···
The hall with harp and carol rang.8·····/˘·
They sang of what is wise and good8········
And graceful. In the centre stood8·/˘··/˘·
A statue veil’d, to which they sang;8·/······
And which, tho’ veil’d, was known to me,8········
The shape of him I loved, and love8········
For ever: then flew in a dove8·/˘·····
And brought a summons from the sea:8···/˘···
And when they learnt that I must go8········
They wept and wail’d, but led the way8········
To where a little shallop lay8···/˘/˘·
At anchor in the flood below;8·/˘·····
And on by many a level mead,8···/·/˘·
And shadowing bluff that made the banks,8·/˘·····
We glided winding under ranks8·/˘/˘···
Of iris, and the golden reed;8·/˘··/˘·
And still as vaster grew the shore,8········
And roll’d the floods in grander space,8·····/˘·
The maidens gather’d strength and grace8·/˘/˘···
And presence, lordlier than before;8·/˘·····
And I myself, who sat apart8···/··˘/
And watch’d them, waxt in every limb;8·····/˘·
I felt the thews of Anakim,8········
The pulses of a Titan’s heart;8·/˘··/˘·
As one would sing the death of war,8········
And one would chant the history8·····/˘˘
Of that great race, which is to be,8········
And one the shaping of a star;8···/˘···
Until the forward-creeping tides8···/˘/˘·
Began to foam, and we to draw8˘/······
From deep to deep, to where we saw8········
A great ship lift her shining sides.8·····/˘·
The man we loved was there on deck,8········
But thrice as large as man he bent8········
To greet us. Up the side I went,8········
And fell in silence on his neck:8···/˘···
Whereat those maidens with one mind8˘/·/˘···
Bewail’d their lot; I did them wrong:8········
‘We served thee here,’ they said, ‘so long,8········
And wilt thou leave us now behind?’8········
So rapt I was, they could not win8········
An answer from my lips, but he8·/˘·····
Replying, ‘Enter likewise ye8˘/˘/˘/··
And go with us:’ they enter’d in.8·····/˘·
And while the wind began to sweep8····˘/··
A music out of sheet and shroud,8·/˘·····
We steer’d her toward a crimson cloud9······/˘·
That landlike slept along the deep.8····˘/··

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