To Lady Carteret

Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) · 1710–1745

trochaic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 54 lines · from Cadenus and Vanessa, and Other Poems

Of all inhabitants on earth,To man alone I owe my birth,And yet the cow, the sheep, the bee,Are all my parents more than he:I, a virtue, strange and rare,Make the fairest look more fair,And myself, which yet is rarer,Growing old, grow still the fairer.Like sots, alone I'm dull enough,When dosed with smoke, and smear'd with snuff;But, in the midst of mirth and wine,I with double lustre shine.Emblem of the Fair am I,Polish'd neck, and radiant eye;In my eye my greatest grace,Emblem of the Cyclops' race;Metals I like them subdue,Slave like them to Vulcan too;Emblem of a monarch old,Wise, and glorious to behold;Wasted he appears, and pale,Watching for the public weal:Emblem of the bashful dame,That in secret feeds her flame,Often aiding to impartAll the secrets of her heart;Various is my bulk and hue,Big like Bess, and small like Sue:Now brown and burnish'd like a nut,At other times a very slut;Often fair, and soft, and tender,Taper, tall, and smooth, and slender:Like Flora, deck'd with various flowers,Like Phoebus, guardian of the hours:But whatever be my dress,Greater be my size or less,Swelling be my shape or small,Like thyself I shine in all.Clouded if my face is seen,My complexion wan and green,Languid like a love-sick maid,Steel affords me present aid.Soon or late, my date is done,As my thread of life is spun;Yet to cut the fatal threadOft revives my drooping head;Yet I perish in my prime,Seldom by the death of time;Die like lovers as they gaze,Die for those I live to please;Pine unpitied to my urn,Nor warm the fair for whom I burn:Unpitied, unlamented too,Die like all that look on you.

Words in this poem

lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
bashful a.
Abashed; daunted; dismayed. [See Bash.]
dame n.
A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger]
flora n.
The goddess of flowers and spring. [L., the goddess of flowers, from flos, floris, flower. See Flower.]
phoebus n.
Apollo; the sun god.
complexion n.
The state of being complex; complexity. [F. complexion, fr. L. complexio. See Complex, a.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To Lady Carteret is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #13621; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jonathan Swift, To Lady Carteret, in Cadenus and Vanessa, and Other Poems (1710–1745), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #13621, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems/to-lady-carteret.html, id L09271.

Form and metre

To Lady Carteret is 54 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 85%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.4 syllables. 5 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending.

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaa earthA · birthA · beeB · heB · rareC · fairC · rarerD · fairerD · enoughE · snuffE · wineF · shineF · iG · eyeG · graceH · raceH · subdueI · tooI · oldJ · beholdJ · paleK · wealK · dameL · flameL · impartM · heartM · hueN · sueN · nutO · slutO · tenderP · slenderP · flowersQ · hoursQ · dressR · lessR · smallS · allS · seenT · greenT · maidU · aidU · doneV · spunV · threadW · headW · primeX · timeX · gazeY · pleaseY · urnZ · burnZ · tooa · youa
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Of all inhabitants on earth,8··˘/˘˘··
To man alone I owe my birth,8··˘/····
And yet the cow, the sheep, the bee,8········
Are all my parents more than he:8···/˘···
I, a virtue, strange and rare,7··/˘···
Make the fairest look more fair,7··/˘···
And myself, which yet is rarer,8··/···/˘
Growing old, grow still the fairer.8/˘····/˘
Like sots, alone I'm dull enough,8··˘/··˘/
When dosed with smoke, and smear'd with snuff;8········
But, in the midst of mirth and wine,8········
I with double lustre shine.7··/˘/˘·
Emblem of the Fair am I,7/˘·····
Polish'd neck, and radiant eye;8/˘··/˘˘·
In my eye my greatest grace,7····/˘·
Emblem of the Cyclops' race;7/˘··/··
Metals I like them subdue,7/˘···˘/
Slave like them to Vulcan too;7····/˘·
Emblem of a monarch old,7/˘··/··
Wise, and glorious to behold;8··/˘˘·˘/
Wasted he appears, and pale,7/˘·˘/··
Watching for the public weal:7/˘··/˘·
Emblem of the bashful dame,7/˘··/˘·
That in secret feeds her flame,7··/˘···
Often aiding to impart7/˘/˘·˘/
All the secrets of her heart;7··/˘···
Various is my bulk and hue,8/˘˘·····
Big like Bess, and small like Sue:7·······
Now brown and burnish'd like a nut,8···/˘···
At other times a very slut;8·/˘··/˘·
Often fair, and soft, and tender,8/˘····/˘
Taper, tall, and smooth, and slender:8/˘····/˘
Like Flora, deck'd with various flowers,9·/˘··/˘/˘
Like Phoebus, guardian of the hours:8·/˘/˘··/
But whatever be my dress,7··/˘···
Greater be my size or less,7/˘·····
Swelling be my shape or small,7/˘·····
Like thyself I shine in all.7·˘/····
Clouded if my face is seen,7/˘·····
My complexion wan and green,7·˘/˘···
Languid like a love-sick maid,7/˘·····
Steel affords me present aid.7·˘/·/˘·
Soon or late, my date is done,7·······
As my thread of life is spun;7·······
Yet to cut the fatal thread7····/˘·
Oft revives my drooping head;7·˘/·/˘·
Yet I perish in my prime,7··/˘···
Seldom by the death of time;7/˘·····
Die like lovers as they gaze,7··/˘···
Die for those I live to please;7·······
Pine unpitied to my urn,7·˘/˘···
Nor warm the fair for whom I burn:8········
Unpitied, unlamented too,8˘/˘·····
Die like all that look on you.7·······

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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