The Gulf of All Human Possessions 1724

Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) · 1710–1745

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 96 lines · from Poems, Volume II

Come hither, and behold the fruits,Vain man! of all thy vain pursuits.Take wise advice, and look behind,Bring all past actions to thy mind.Here you may see, as in a glass,How soon all human pleasures pass;How will it mortify thy pride,To turn the true impartial side!How will your eyes contain their tears,When all the sad reverse appears!This cave within its womb confinesThe last result of all designs:Here lie deposited the spoilsOf busy mortals' endless toils:Here, with an easy search, we findThe foul corruptions of mankind.The wretched purchase here beholdOf traitors, who their country sold.This gulf insatiate imbibesThe lawyer's fees, the statesman's bribes.Here, in their proper shape and mien,Fraud, perjury, and guilt are seen.Necessity, the tyrant's law,All human race must hither draw;All prompted by the same desire,The vigorous youth and aged sire.Behold the coward and the brave,The haughty prince, the humble slave,Physician, lawyer, and divine,All make oblations at this shrine.Some enter boldly, some by stealth,And leave behind their fruitless wealth.For, while the bashful sylvan maid,As half-ashamed and half-afraid,Approaching finds it hard to partWith that which dwelt so near her heart;The courtly dame, unmoved by fear,Profusely pours her offering here.A treasure here of learning lurks,Huge heaps of never-dying works;Labours of many an ancient sage,And millions of the present age.In at this gulf all offerings passAnd lie an undistinguish'd mass.Deucalion, to restore mankind,Was bid to throw the stones behind;So those who here their gifts conveyAre forced to look another way;For few, a chosen few, must knowThe mysteries that lie below.Sad charnel-house! a dismal dome,For which all mortals leave their home!The young, the beautiful, and brave,Here buried in one common grave!Where each supply of dead renewsUnwholesome damps, offensive dews:And lo! the writing on the wallsPoints out where each new victim falls;The food of worms and beasts obscene,Who round the vault luxuriant reign.See where those mangled corpses lie,Condemn'd by female hands to die;A comely dame once clad in white,Lies there consign'd to endless night;By cruel hands her blood was spilt,And yet her wealth was all her guilt.And here six virgins in a tomb,All-beauteous offspring of one womb,Oft in the train of Venus seen,As fair and lovely as their queen;In royal garments each was drest,Each with a gold and purple vest;I saw them of their garments stript,Their throats were cut, their bellies ript,Twice were they buried, twice were born,Twice from their sepulchres were torn;But now dismember'd here are cast,And find a resting-place at last.Here oft the curious traveller findsThe combat of opposing winds;And seeks to learn the secret cause,Which alien seems from nature's laws;Why at this cave's tremendous mouth,He feels at once both north and south;Whether the winds, in caverns pent,Through clefts oppugnant force a vent;Or whether, opening all his stores,Fierce Æolus in tempest roars.Yet, from this mingled mass of things,In time a new creation springs.These crude materials once shall riseTo fill the earth, and air, and skies;In various forms appear again,Of vegetables, brutes, and men.So Jove pronounced among the gods,Olympus trembling as he nods.

Words in this poem 23
womb n.
The belly; the abdomen. [OE. wombe, wambe, AS. wamb, womb; akin to D. wam belly, OS. & OHG. wamba, G. wamme, wampe, Icel. vömb, Sw. v&mb, Dan. vom, Goth. wamba.]
insatiate a.
Insatiable; as, insatiate thirst. [L. insatiatus.]
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
haughty a.
High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
boldly adv.
In a bold manner. [AS. bealdlice.]
stealth n.
The act of stealing; theft. [OE. staple. See Steal, v. t.]
fruitless a.
Lacking, or not bearing, fruit; barren; destitute of offspring; as, a fruitless tree or shrub; a fruitless marriage.
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
bashful a.
Abashed; daunted; dismayed. [See Bash.]
courtly a.
Relating or belonging to a court. [From Court.]
dame n.
A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger]
unmoved a.
Not moved; fixed; firm; unshaken; calm; apathetic.
profusely adv.
In a profuse manner.
dismal a.
Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky. [Formerly a noun; e. g., "I trow it was in the dismalle." Chaucer. Of uncertain origin; but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F. dîme, tithe, the phr]
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
beauteous a.
Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic] -- Beau"te*ous*ly, adv. --
vest n.
An article of clothing covering the person; an outer garment; a vestment; a dress; a vesture; a robe. [L. vestis a garment, vesture; akin to Goth. wasti, and E. wear: cf. F. veste. See Wear to carry on the person, and cf. Divest, Invest, Travesty.]
curious a.
Difficult to please or satisfy; solicitous to be correct; careful; scrupulous; nice; exact. [OF. curios, curius, F. curieux, L. curiosus careful, inquisitive, fr. cura care. See Cure.]
tremendous a.
Fitted to excite fear or terror; such as may astonish or terrify by its magnitude, force, or violence; terrible; dreadful; as, a tremendous wind; a tremendous shower; a tremendous shock or fall. [L. tremendus that is to be trembled at, fearful, fr. tremere to tremble. See Tremble.]
pent p. p.
Penned or shut up; confined; -- often with up. [From Pen, v. t.]
oppugnant a.
Tending to awaken hostility; hostile; opposing; warring. [L. oppugnans, p. pr. of oppugnare. See Oppugn.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
jove n.
The chief divinity of the ancient Romans; Jupiter. [L. Jupiter, gen. Jovis, OL. Jovis, nom. & gen. for Djovis; akin to E. Tuesday. See Tuesday, and cf. Jupiter.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Gulf of All Human Possessions 1724 is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #13621; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jonathan Swift, The Gulf of All Human Possessions 1724, in Poems, Volume II (1710–1745), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #13621, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems/the-gulf-of-all-human-possessions-1724.html, id L09256.

Form and metre

The Gulf of All Human Possessions 1724 is 96 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 92% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 14% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDD--EEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabb--ccddeeffgghhiijjkk----llmmnnooppqqrr fruitsA · pursuitsA · behindB · mindB · glassC · passC · prideD · sideD · tears · appears · confinesE · designsE · spoilsF · toilsF · findG · mankindG · beholdH · soldH · imbibesI · bribesI · mienJ · seenJ · lawK · drawK · desireL · sireL · braveM · slaveM · divineN · shrineN · stealthO · wealthO · maidP · afraidP · partQ · heartQ · fearR · hereR · lurksS · worksS · sageT · ageT · passU · massU · mankindV · behindV · conveyW · wayW · knowX · belowX · domeY · homeY · braveZ · graveZ · renewsa · dewsa · wallsb · fallsb · obscene · reign · liec · diec · whited · nightd · spilte · guilte · tombf · wombf · seeng · queeng · dresth · vesth · stripti · ripti · bornj · tornj · castk · lastk · finds · winds · cause · laws · mouthl · southl · pentm · ventm · storesn · roarsn · thingso · springso · risep · skiesp · againq · menq · godsr · nodsr
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Come hither, and behold the fruits,8·/˘·˘/··
Vain man! of all thy vain pursuits.8······˘/
Take wise advice, and look behind,8··˘/····
Bring all past actions to thy mind.8···/˘···
Here you may see, as in a glass,8········
How soon all human pleasures pass;8···/˘/˘·
How will it mortify thy pride,8···/˘···
To turn the true impartial side!8····˘/˘·
How will your eyes contain their tears,8····˘/··
When all the sad reverse appears!8····˘/˘/
This cave within its womb confines8······/·
The last result of all designs:8··˘/··˘/
Here lie deposited the spoils8··˘/˘˘··
Of busy mortals' endless toils:8·/˘/˘/˘·
Here, with an easy search, we find8···/˘···
The foul corruptions of mankind.8··˘/˘·//
The wretched purchase here behold8·/˘/˘·˘/
Of traitors, who their country sold.8·/˘··/˘·
This gulf insatiate imbibes8··˘/˘˘˘/
The lawyer's fees, the statesman's bribes.8·/˘··/˘·
Here, in their proper shape and mien,8···/˘···
Fraud, perjury, and guilt are seen.8·/˘˘····
Necessity, the tyrant's law,8˘/˘˘·/˘·
All human race must hither draw;8·/˘··/˘·
All prompted by the same desire,9·/˘···˘/˘
The vigorous youth and aged sire.9·/˘˘···/˘
Behold the coward and the brave,8˘/·/˘···
The haughty prince, the humble slave,8·/˘··/˘·
Physician, lawyer, and divine,8˘/˘/˘·˘/
All make oblations at this shrine.8········
Some enter boldly, some by stealth,8·/˘/˘···
And leave behind their fruitless wealth.8·····/˘·
For, while the bashful sylvan maid,8···/˘/˘·
As half-ashamed and half-afraid,8··˘/··˘/
Approaching finds it hard to part8˘/˘·····
With that which dwelt so near her heart;8········
The courtly dame, unmoved by fear,8·/˘·˘/··
Profusely pours her offering here.8˘/˘··/˘·
A treasure here of learning lurks,8·/˘··/˘·
Huge heaps of never-dying works;8···/˘/˘·
Labours of many an ancient sage,8/˘·/·/˘·
And millions of the present age.8·/˘··/˘·
In at this gulf all offerings pass8·····/˘·
And lie an undistinguish'd mass.8····˘/˘·
Deucalion, to restore mankind,8····˘///
Was bid to throw the stones behind;8········
So those who here their gifts convey8······˘/
Are forced to look another way;8····˘/˘·
For few, a chosen few, must know8···/˘···
The mysteries that lie below.8·/˘˘····
Sad charnel-house! a dismal dome,8·/˘··/˘·
For which all mortals leave their home!8···/˘···
The young, the beautiful, and brave,8···/˘˘··
Here buried in one common grave!8·/˘··/˘·
Where each supply of dead renews8··˘/··˘/
Unwholesome damps, offensive dews:9·····˘/˘·
And lo! the writing on the walls8···/˘···
Points out where each new victim falls;8·····/˘·
The food of worms and beasts obscene,8······˘/
Who round the vault luxuriant reign.8····˘/˘·
See where those mangled corpses lie,8···/˘/˘·
Condemn'd by female hands to die;8˘/·/····
A comely dame once clad in white,8·/˘·····
Lies there consign'd to endless night;8··˘/·/˘·
By cruel hands her blood was spilt,8·/˘·····
And yet her wealth was all her guilt.8········
And here six virgins in a tomb,8···/˘···
All-beauteous offspring of one womb,9·/˘˘/····
Oft in the train of Venus seen,8·····/˘·
As fair and lovely as their queen;8···/˘···
In royal garments each was drest,8·/˘/˘···
Each with a gold and purple vest;8·····/˘·
I saw them of their garments stript,8·····/˘·
Their throats were cut, their bellies ript,8·····/˘·
Twice were they buried, twice were born,8···/˘···
Twice from their sepulchres were torn;7·······
But now dismember'd here are cast,8··˘/˘···
And find a resting-place at last.8···/˘···
Here oft the curious traveller finds8···/˘/˘·
The combat of opposing winds;8·/˘·˘/˘·
And seeks to learn the secret cause,8·····/˘·
Which alien seems from nature's laws;8·/˘··/˘·
Why at this cave's tremendous mouth,8····˘/˘·
He feels at once both north and south;8········
Whether the winds, in caverns pent,8·····/˘·
Through clefts oppugnant force a vent;8··˘/˘···
Or whether, opening all his stores,8···/˘···
Fierce Æolus in tempest roars.7····/˘·
Yet, from this mingled mass of things,8···/˘···
In time a new creation springs.8····˘/˘·
These crude materials once shall rise8··˘/˘···
To fill the earth, and air, and skies;8········
In various forms appear again,8·/˘·˘/˘/
Of vegetables, brutes, and men.7·/˘˘···
So Jove pronounced among the gods,8··˘/····
Olympus trembling as he nods.8˘/˘/˘···
Notes from the edition 1

The notes to the Poems of Jonathan Swift, Volume II (Project Gutenberg #13621).

  1. Line 45 Ovid, "Metam.," i, 383.

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