On Reading Dr. Young's Satire, Called the Universal Passion
If there be truth in what you sing,Such godlike virtues in the king;A minister so fill'd with zealAnd wisdom for the commonweal;If he who in the chair presides,So steadily the senate guides;If others, whom you make your theme,Are seconds in the glorious scheme;If every peer whom you commend,To worth and learning be a friend;If this be truth, as you attest,What land was ever half so blest!No falsehood now among the great,And tradesmen now no longer cheat:Now on the bench fair Justice shines;Her scale to neither side inclines:Now Pride and Cruelty are flown,And Mercy here exalts her throne;For such is good example's power,It does its office every hour,Where governors are good and wise;Or else the truest maxim lies:For so we find all ancient sagesDecree, that, ad exemplum regis,Through all the realm his virtues run,Ripening and kindling like the sun.If this be true, then how much moreWhen you have named at least a scoreOf courtiers, each in their degree,If possible, as good as he?Or take it in a different view.I ask (if what you say be true)If you affirm the present ageDeserves your satire's keenest rage;If that same universal passionWith every vice has fill'd the nation:If virtue dares not venture downA single step beneath the crown:If clergymen, to show their wit,Praise classics more than holy writ:If bankrupts, when they are undone,Into the senate-house can run,And sell their votes at such a rate,As will retrieve a lost estate:If law be such a partial whore,To spare the rich, and plague the poor:If these be of all crimes the worst,What land was ever half so curst?
Words in this poem
- glorious a.
- Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
- attest v. t.
- To bear witness to; to certify; to affirm to be true or genuine; as, to attest the truth of a writing, a copy of record. [L. attestari; ad + testari to bear witness: cf. F. attester.]
- flown a.
- Flushed, inflated.
- undone a.
- Not done or performed; neglected. [Pref. un- not + done.]
- retrieve n.
- A seeking again; a discovery. B. Jonson.
- whore n.
- A woman who practices unlawful sexual commerce with men, especially one who prostitutes her body for hire; a prostitute; a harlot. Wyclif. [OE. hore, AS. h; akin to D. hoer, hoere, G. hure, OHG. huora, huorra, Icel. h, Dan. hore, Sw. hora, Goth. h an adulterer, AS. h adultery, OHG. huor, and probabl]
- curst a.
- Froward; malignant; mischievous; malicious; snarling. [SeeCurse.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
On Reading Dr. Young's Satire, Called the Universal Passion is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 2, Project Gutenberg ebook #13621; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Jonathan Swift, On Reading Dr. Young's Satire, Called the Universal Passion, in Cadenus and Vanessa, and Other Poems (1710–1745), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #13621, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems/on-reading-dr-young-s-satire-called-the-universal-passion.html, id L25699.
Form and metre
On Reading Dr. Young's Satire, Called the Universal Passion is 48 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 88% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%).
See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDEEFF--GGHHIIJJJ-KKLLMMNNOOPPPPQQRRSS--TT singA · kingA · zealB · commonwealB · presidesC · guidesC · themeD · schemeD · commendE · friendE · attestF · blestF · great · cheat · shinesG · inclinesG · flownH · throneH · powerI · hourI · wiseJ · liesJ · sagesJ · regis · runK · sunK · moreL · scoreL · degreeM · heM · viewN · trueN · ageO · rageO · passionP · nationP · downP · crownP · witQ · writQ · undoneR · runR · rateS · estateS · whore · poor · worstT · curstT
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| If there be truth in what you sing, | 8 | ········ |
| Such godlike virtues in the king; | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| A minister so fill'd with zeal | 8 | ·/˘˘···· |
| And wisdom for the commonweal; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘˘ |
| If he who in the chair presides, | 8 | ······˘/ |
| So steadily the senate guides; | 8 | ·/˘˘·/˘· |
| If others, whom you make your theme, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Are seconds in the glorious scheme; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| If every peer whom you commend, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| To worth and learning be a friend; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| If this be truth, as you attest, | 8 | ······˘/ |
| What land was ever half so blest! | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| No falsehood now among the great, | 8 | ·/······ |
| And tradesmen now no longer cheat: | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Now on the bench fair Justice shines; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Her scale to neither side inclines: | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Now Pride and Cruelty are flown, | 7 | ···/˘·· |
| And Mercy here exalts her throne; | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| For such is good example's power, | 9 | ····˘/˘/˘ |
| It does its office every hour, | 9 | ···/˘/˘/˘ |
| Where governors are good and wise; | 8 | ·/˘˘···· |
| Or else the truest maxim lies: | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| For so we find all ancient sages | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Decree, that, ad exemplum regis, | 9 | ˘/··˘/˘/˘ |
| Through all the realm his virtues run, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Ripening and kindling like the sun. | 8 | /˘·/˘··· |
| If this be true, then how much more | 8 | ········ |
| When you have named at least a score | 8 | ········ |
| Of courtiers, each in their degree, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| If possible, as good as he? | 8 | ·/˘˘···· |
| Or take it in a different view. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| I ask (if what you say be true) | 8 | ········ |
| If you affirm the present age | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Deserves your satire's keenest rage; | 8 | ˘/·/˘/˘· |
| If that same universal passion | 9 | ····˘/˘/˘ |
| With every vice has fill'd the nation: | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| If virtue dares not venture down | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| A single step beneath the crown: | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| If clergymen, to show their wit, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Praise classics more than holy writ: | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| If bankrupts, when they are undone, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Into the senate-house can run, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And sell their votes at such a rate, | 8 | ········ |
| As will retrieve a lost estate: | 8 | ··˘/··˘/ |
| If law be such a partial whore, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| To spare the rich, and plague the poor: | 8 | ········ |
| If these be of all crimes the worst, | 8 | ········ |
| What land was ever half so curst? | 8 | ···/˘··· |
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