The Answer. By Dr. Swift
Lindsay mistakes the matter quite,And honest Paulus judges right.Then, why these quarrels to the sun,Without whose aid you're all undone?Did Paulus e'er complain of sweat?Did Paulus e'er the sun forget;The influence of whose golden beamsSoon licks up all unsavoury steams?The sun, you say, his face has kiss'd:It has; but then it greased his fist.True lawyers, for the wisest ends,Have always been Apollo's friends.Not for his superficial powersOf ripening fruits, and gilding flowers;Not for inspiring poets' brainsWith penniless and starveling strains;Not for his boasted healing art;Not for his skill to shoot the dart;Nor yet because he sweetly fiddles;Nor for his prophecies in riddles:But for a more substantial cause--Apollo's patron of the laws;Whom Paulus ever must adore,As parent of the golden ore,By Phoebus, an incestuous birth,Begot upon his grandam Earth;By Phoebus first produced to light;By Vulcan form'd so round and bright:Then offer'd at the shrine of Justice,By clients to her priests and trustees.Nor, when we see Astraea standWith even balance in her hand,Must we suppose she has in view,How to give every man his due;Her scales you see her only hold,To weigh her priests' the lawyers' gold.Now, should I own your case was grievous,Poor sweaty Paulus, who'd believe us?'Tis very true, and none denies,At least, that such complaints are wise:'Tis wise, no doubt, as clients fat you more,To cry, like statesmen, Quanta patimur!But, since the truth must needs be stretchedTo prove that lawyers are so wretched,This paradox I'll undertake,For Paulus' and for Lindsay's sake;By topics, which, though I abomine 'em,May serve as arguments ad hominem:Yet I disdain to offer thoseMade use of by detracting foes.I own the curses of mankindSit light upon a lawyer's mind:The clamours of ten thousand tonguesBreak not his rest, nor hurt his lungs;I own, his conscience always free,(Provided he has got his fee,)Secure of constant peace within,He knows no guilt, who knows no sin.Yet well they merit to be pitied,By clients always overwitted.And though the gospel seems to say,What heavy burdens lawyers layUpon the shoulders of their neighbour,Nor lend a finger to their labour,Always for saving their own bacon;No doubt, the text is here mistaken:The copy's false, the sense is rack'd:To prove it, I appeal to fact;And thus by demonstration showWhat burdens lawyers undergo.With early clients at his door,Though he was drunk the night before,And crop-sick, with unclubb'd-for wine,The wretch must be at court by nine;Half sunk beneath his briefs and bag,As ridden by a midnight hag;Then, from the bar, harangues the bench,In English vile, and viler French,And Latin, vilest of the three;And all for poor ten moidores fee!Of paper how is he profuse,With periods long, in terms abstruse!What pains he takes to be prolix!A thousand lines to stand for six!Of common sense without a word in!And is not this a grievous burden?The lawyer is a common drudge,To fight our cause before the judge:And, what is yet a greater curse,Condemn'd to bear his client's purse:While he at ease, secure and light,Walks boldly home at dead of night;When term is ended, leaves the town,Trots to his country mansion down;And, disencumber'd of his load,No danger dreads upon the road;Despises rapparees, and ridesSafe through the Newry mountains' sides.Lindsay, 'tis you have set me on,To state this question pro and con.My satire may offend, 'tis true;However, it concerns not you.I own, there may, in every clan,Perhaps, be found one honest man;Yet link them close, in this they jump,To be but rascals in the lump.Imagine Lindsay at the bar,He's much the same his brethren are;Well taught by practice to imbibeThe fundamentals of his tribe:And in his client's just defence,Must deviate oft from common sense;And make his ignorance discern'd,To get the name of counsel-learn'd,(As lucus comes a non lucendo,)And wisely do as other men do:But shift him to a better scene,Among his crew of rogues in grain;Surrounded with companions fit,To taste his humour, sense, and wit;You'd swear he never took a fee,Nor knew in law his A, B, C.'Tis hard, where dulness overrules,To keep good sense in crowds of fools.And we admire the man, who savesHis honesty in crowds of knaves;Nor yields up virtue at discretion,To villains of his own profession.Lindsay, you know what pains you takeIn both, yet hardly save your stake;And will you venture both anew,To sit among that venal crew,That pack of mimic legislators,Abandon'd, stupid, slavish praters?For as the rabble daub and rifleThe fool who scrambles for a trifle;Who for his pains is cuff'd and kick'd,Drawn through the dirt, his pockets pick'd;You must expect the like disgrace,Scrambling with rogues to get a place;Must lose the honour you have gain'd,Your numerous virtues foully stain'd:Disclaim for ever all pretenceTo common honesty and sense;And join in friendship with a strict tie,To M--l, C--y, and Dick Tighe.
Since there are persons who complainThere's too much satire in my vein;That I am often found exceedingThe rules of raillery and breeding;With too much freedom treat my betters,Not sparing even men of letters:You, who are skill'd in lawyers' lore,What's your advice? Shall I give o'er?Nor ever fools or knaves expose,Either in verse or humorous prose:And to avoid all future ill,In my scrutoire lock up my quill?
Words in this poem 28
- undone a.
- Not done or performed; neglected. [Pref. un- not + done.]
- penniless a.
- Destitute of money; impecunious; poor. [From Penny.]
- starveling n.
- One who, or that which, pines from lack or food, or nutriment. [Starve + -ling.]
- adore v. t.
- To worship with profound reverence; to pay divine honors to; to honor as deity or as divine. [OE. aouren, anouren, adoren, OF. aorer, adorer, F. adorer, fr. L. adorare; ad + orare to speak, pray, os, oris, mouth. In OE. confused with honor, the French pr]
- phoebus n.
- Apollo; the sun god.
- grandam n.
- An old woman; specifically, a grandmother. [F. grande, fem. of grand + dame. See Grand, and Dame.]
- sweaty a.
- Moist with sweat; as, a sweaty skin; a sweaty garment.
- needs adv.
- Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
- conscience n.
- Knowledge of one's own thoughts or actions; consciousness. [F. conscience, fr. L. conscientia, fr. consciens, p.pr. of conscire to know, to be conscious; con- + scire to know. See Science.]
- neighbour v. i.
- To dwell in the vicinity; to be a neighbor, or in the neighborhood; to be near.
- undergo v. t.
- To go or move below or under. [AS. undergan. See Under, and Go.]
- abstruse a.
- Concealed or hidden out of the way. [L. abstrusus, p. p. of abstrudere to thrust away, conceal; ab, abs + trudere to thrust; cf. F. abstrus. See Threat.]
- boldly adv.
- In a bold manner. [AS. bealdlice.]
- mansion n.
- A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole of a house or other shelter. [OF. mansion, F. maison, fr. L. mansio a staying, remaining, a dwelling, habitation, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell; akin to Gr. Manse, Manor, Menagerie, Men]
- defence n.
- The act of defending, or the state of being defended; protection, as from violence or danger. [F. défense, OF. defense, fem., defens, masc., fr. L. defensa (cf. Fence.]
- humour n.
- Moisture, especially, the moisture or fluid of animal bodies, as the chyle, lymph, etc.; as, the humors of the eye, etc. [OE. humour, OF. humor, umor, F. humeur, L. humor, umor, moisture, fluid, fr. humere, umere, to be moist. See Humid.]
- admire v. t.
- To regard with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to marvel at. [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]
- discretion n.
- Disjunction; separation. Mede. [F. discrétion, L. discretio separation, difference, discernment, fr. discernere, discretum. See Discreet, Discern.]
- expect v. t.
- To wait for; to await. [L. expectatum, to look out for, await, expect; ex + out spectare to look at. See Spectacle.]
- scrambling a.
- Confused and irregular; awkward; scambling.
- honour n.
- Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
- foully v.
- In a foul manner; filthily; nastily; shamefully; unfairly; dishonorably.
- disclaim v. t.
- To renounce all claim to deny; ownership of, or responsibility for; to disown; to disavow; to reject.
- pretence n.
- The act of laying claim; the claim laid; assumption; pretension. [LL. praetensus, for L. praetentus, p. p. of praetendere. See Pretend, and cf. Tension.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- humorous a.
- Moist; humid; watery. [Cf. L. humorosus, umorosus, moist. See Humor.]
- avoid v. t.
- To empty. Wyclif. [OF. esvuidier, es (L. ex) + vuidier, voidier, to empty. See Void, a.]
- scrutoire n.
- A escritoire; a writing desk. [OF. escritoire. See Escritoire.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Answer. By Dr. Swift is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #14353; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Jonathan Swift, The Answer. By Dr. Swift, in On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems (1727), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14353, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems-vol1/the-answer-by-dr-swift.html, id L24543.
Form and metre
The Answer. By Dr. Swift is 158 lines in 2 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 84% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).
See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJ--KKLLMM--NNOOPPQQRR----SSTTUUVVWWXXYY--ZZ--aabbccddeeffgghhii----jjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvww----xxyyzzAABBCCDDEEFFGGHHII---- quiteA · rightA · sunB · undoneB · sweatC · forgetC · beamsD · steamsD · kiss'dE · fistE · endsF · friendsF · powersG · flowersG · brainsH · strainsH · artI · dartI · fiddlesJ · riddlesJ · cause · laws · adoreK · oreK · birthL · earthL · lightM · brightM · justice · trustees · standN · handN · viewO · dueO · holdP · goldP · grievousQ · usQ · deniesR · wiseR · more · patimur · stretched · wretched · undertakeS · sakeS · emT · hominemT · thoseU · foesU · mankindV · mindV · tonguesW · lungsW · freeX · feeX · withinY · sinY · pitied · overwitted · sayZ · layZ · neighbour · labour · bacona · mistakena · rack'db · factb · showc · undergoc · doord · befored · winee · ninee · bagf · hagf · benchg · frenchg · threeh · feeh · profusei · abstrusei · prolix · six · in · burden · drudgej · judgej · cursek · pursek · lightl · nightl · townm · downm · loadn · roadn · rideso · sideso · onp · conp · trueq · youq · clanr · manr · jumps · lumps · bart · aret · imbibeu · tribeu · defencev · sensev · discern'dw · learn'dw · lucendo · do · scene · grain · fitx · witx · feey · cy · overrulesz · foolsz · savesA · knavesA · discretionB · professionB · takeC · stakeC · anewD · crewD · legislatorsE · pratersE · rifleF · trifleF · kick'dG · pick'dG · disgraceH · placeH · gain'dI · stain'dI · pretence · sense · tie · tighe
- 2 AABBCC--DDEE complainA · veinA · exceedingB · breedingB · bettersC · lettersC · lore · o'er · exposeD · proseD · illE · quillE
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Lindsay mistakes the matter quite, | 8 | /˘˘/·/˘· |
| And honest Paulus judges right. | 8 | ·/˘/˘/˘· |
| Then, why these quarrels to the sun, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Without whose aid you're all undone? | 8 | ······˘/ |
| Did Paulus e'er complain of sweat? | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Did Paulus e'er the sun forget; | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| The influence of whose golden beams | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Soon licks up all unsavoury steams? | 9 | ········· |
| The sun, you say, his face has kiss'd: | 8 | ········ |
| It has; but then it greased his fist. | 8 | ········ |
| True lawyers, for the wisest ends, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Have always been Apollo's friends. | 8 | ·/··˘/˘· |
| Not for his superficial powers | 9 | ····˘/˘/˘ |
| Of ripening fruits, and gilding flowers; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘/ |
| Not for inspiring poets' brains | 8 | ··˘/˘/˘· |
| With penniless and starveling strains; | 8 | ·/˘˘·/˘· |
| Not for his boasted healing art; | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Not for his skill to shoot the dart; | 8 | ········ |
| Nor yet because he sweetly fiddles; | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Nor for his prophecies in riddles: | 9 | ···/˘˘·/˘ |
| But for a more substantial cause-- | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| Apollo's patron of the laws; | 8 | ˘/˘/˘··· |
| Whom Paulus ever must adore, | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| As parent of the golden ore, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| By Phoebus, an incestuous birth, | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| Begot upon his grandam Earth; | 8 | ˘/···/˘· |
| By Phoebus first produced to light; | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| By Vulcan form'd so round and bright: | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Then offer'd at the shrine of Justice, | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| By clients to her priests and trustees. | 9 | ·/˘·····/ |
| Nor, when we see Astraea stand | 7 | ······· |
| With even balance in her hand, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Must we suppose she has in view, | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| How to give every man his due; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Her scales you see her only hold, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| To weigh her priests' the lawyers' gold. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Now, should I own your case was grievous, | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| Poor sweaty Paulus, who'd believe us? | 9 | ·/˘/˘·˘/· |
| 'Tis very true, and none denies, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| At least, that such complaints are wise: | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| 'Tis wise, no doubt, as clients fat you more, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| To cry, like statesmen, Quanta patimur! | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But, since the truth must needs be stretched | 8 | ········ |
| To prove that lawyers are so wretched, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| This paradox I'll undertake, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| For Paulus' and for Lindsay's sake; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| By topics, which, though I abomine 'em, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| May serve as arguments ad hominem: | 9 | ···/˘·/˘˘ |
| Yet I disdain to offer those | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Made use of by detracting foes. | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| I own the curses of mankind | 8 | ···/˘·// |
| Sit light upon a lawyer's mind: | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The clamours of ten thousand tongues | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Break not his rest, nor hurt his lungs; | 8 | ········ |
| I own, his conscience always free, | 8 | ···/˘/·· |
| (Provided he has got his fee,) | 8 | ˘/˘····· |
| Secure of constant peace within, | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| He knows no guilt, who knows no sin. | 8 | ········ |
| Yet well they merit to be pitied, | 9 | ···/˘··/· |
| By clients always overwitted. | 9 | ·/˘/····· |
| And though the gospel seems to say, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| What heavy burdens lawyers lay | 8 | ·/˘/˘/˘· |
| Upon the shoulders of their neighbour, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| Nor lend a finger to their labour, | 9 | ···/˘··/· |
| Always for saving their own bacon; | 9 | /··/˘··/˘ |
| No doubt, the text is here mistaken: | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| The copy's false, the sense is rack'd: | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| To prove it, I appeal to fact; | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| And thus by demonstration show | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| What burdens lawyers undergo. | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| With early clients at his door, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Though he was drunk the night before, | 8 | ········ |
| And crop-sick, with unclubb'd-for wine, | 8 | ········ |
| The wretch must be at court by nine; | 8 | ········ |
| Half sunk beneath his briefs and bag, | 8 | ········ |
| As ridden by a midnight hag; | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| Then, from the bar, harangues the bench, | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| In English vile, and viler French, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And Latin, vilest of the three; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| And all for poor ten moidores fee! | 8 | ········ |
| Of paper how is he profuse, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| With periods long, in terms abstruse! | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| What pains he takes to be prolix! | 8 | ······˘/ |
| A thousand lines to stand for six! | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Of common sense without a word in! | 9 | ·/˘······ |
| And is not this a grievous burden? | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| The lawyer is a common drudge, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| To fight our cause before the judge: | 8 | ··/····· |
| And, what is yet a greater curse, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Condemn'd to bear his client's purse: | 8 | ˘/···/˘· |
| While he at ease, secure and light, | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| Walks boldly home at dead of night; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| When term is ended, leaves the town, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Trots to his country mansion down; | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| And, disencumber'd of his load, | 8 | ········ |
| No danger dreads upon the road; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Despises rapparees, and rides | 7 | ˘/˘···· |
| Safe through the Newry mountains' sides. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Lindsay, 'tis you have set me on, | 8 | /˘······ |
| To state this question pro and con. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| My satire may offend, 'tis true; | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| However, it concerns not you. | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| I own, there may, in every clan, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Perhaps, be found one honest man; | 8 | ˘/···/˘· |
| Yet link them close, in this they jump, | 8 | ········ |
| To be but rascals in the lump. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Imagine Lindsay at the bar, | 8 | ˘/˘/˘··· |
| He's much the same his brethren are; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Well taught by practice to imbibe | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| The fundamentals of his tribe: | 8 | ··˘/˘··· |
| And in his client's just defence, | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Must deviate oft from common sense; | 9 | ·/˘···/˘· |
| And make his ignorance discern'd, | 8 | ···/˘˘˘/ |
| To get the name of counsel-learn'd, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| (As lucus comes a non lucendo,) | 9 | ·/˘······ |
| And wisely do as other men do: | 9 | ·/˘··/˘·· |
| But shift him to a better scene, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Among his crew of rogues in grain; | 8 | ········ |
| Surrounded with companions fit, | 8 | ˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| To taste his humour, sense, and wit; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| You'd swear he never took a fee, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Nor knew in law his A, B, C. | 8 | ········ |
| 'Tis hard, where dulness overrules, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| To keep good sense in crowds of fools. | 8 | ········ |
| And we admire the man, who saves | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| His honesty in crowds of knaves; | 8 | ·/˘˘···· |
| Nor yields up virtue at discretion, | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| To villains of his own profession. | 9 | ·/˘···˘/˘ |
| Lindsay, you know what pains you take | 8 | /˘······ |
| In both, yet hardly save your stake; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And will you venture both anew, | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| To sit among that venal crew, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| That pack of mimic legislators, | 9 | ···/˘/˘·˘ |
| Abandon'd, stupid, slavish praters? | 9 | ˘/˘/˘/˘/˘ |
| For as the rabble daub and rifle | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| The fool who scrambles for a trifle; | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| Who for his pains is cuff'd and kick'd, | 8 | ········ |
| Drawn through the dirt, his pockets pick'd; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| You must expect the like disgrace, | 8 | ··˘/··˘/ |
| Scrambling with rogues to get a place; | 8 | /˘······ |
| Must lose the honour you have gain'd, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Your numerous virtues foully stain'd: | 8 | ·/˘/˘/˘· |
| Disclaim for ever all pretence | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| To common honesty and sense; | 8 | ·/˘/˘˘·· |
| And join in friendship with a strict tie, | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| To M--l, C--y, and Dick Tighe. | 8 | ········ |
| Since there are persons who complain | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| There's too much satire in my vein; | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| That I am often found exceeding | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| The rules of raillery and breeding; | 9 | ···/˘˘·/˘ |
| With too much freedom treat my betters, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| Not sparing even men of letters: | 9 | ·/˘/˘··/˘ |
| You, who are skill'd in lawyers' lore, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| What's your advice? Shall I give o'er? | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| Nor ever fools or knaves expose, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Either in verse or humorous prose: | 8 | /˘···/˘· |
| And to avoid all future ill, | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| In my scrutoire lock up my quill? | 8 | ··˘/···· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.