Inscribed to Lord Carteret 1724

Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) · 1727

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 142 lines · from On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems

Once on a time, a righteous sage,Grieved with the vices of the age,Applied to Jove with fervent prayer--"O Jove, if Virtue be so fairAs it was deem'd in former days,By Plato and by Socrates,Whose beauties mortal eyes escape,Only for want of outward shape;Make then its real excellence,For once the theme of human sense;So shall the eye, by form confined,Direct and fix the wandering mind,And long-deluded mortals see,With rapture, what they used to flee!"Jove grants the prayer, gives Virtue birth,And bids him bless and mend the earth.Behold him blooming fresh and fair,Now made--ye gods--a son and heir;An heir: and, stranger yet to hear,An heir, an orphan of a peer;But prodigies are wrought to proveNothing impossible to Jove.Virtue was for this sex design'd,In mild reproof to womankind;In manly form to let them seeThe loveliness of modesty,The thousand decencies that shoneWith lessen'd lustre in their own;Which few had learn'd enough to prize,And some thought modish to despise.To make his merit more discern'd,He goes to school--he reads--is learn'd;Raised high above his birth, by knowledge,He shines distinguish'd in a college;Resolved nor honour, nor estate,Himself alone should make him great.Here soon for every art renown'd,His influence is diffused around;The inferior youth to learning led,Less to be famed than to be fed,Behold the glory he has won,And blush to see themselves outdone;And now, inflamed with rival rage,In scientific strife engage,Engage; and, in the glorious strifeThe arts new kindle into life.Here would our hero ever dwell,Fix'd in a lonely learned cell:Contented to be truly great,In Virtue's best beloved retreat;Contented he--but Fate ordains,He now shall shine in nobler scenes,Raised high, like some celestial fire,To shine the more, still rising higher;Completely form'd in every part,To win the soul, and glad the heart.The powerful voice, the graceful mien,Lovely alike, or heard, or seen;The outward form and inward vie,His soul bright beaming from his eye,Ennobling every act and air,With just, and generous, and sincere.Accomplish'd thus, his next resortIs to the council and the court,Where Virtue is in least repute,And interest the one pursuit;Where right and wrong are bought and sold,Barter'd for beauty, and for gold;Here Manly Virtue, even here,Pleased in the person of a peer,A peer; a scarcely bearded youth,Who talk'd of justice and of truth,Of innocence the surest guard,Tales here forgot, or yet unheard;That he alone deserved esteem,Who was the man he wish'd to seem;Call'd it unmanly and unwise,To lurk behind a mean disguise;(Give fraudful Vice the mask and screen,'Tis Virtue's interest to be seen;)Call'd want of shame a want of sense,And found, in blushes, eloquence.Thus acting what he taught so well,He drew dumb merit from her cell,Led with amazing art alongThe bashful dame, and loosed her tongue;And, while he made her value known,Yet more display'd and raised his own.Thus young, thus proof to all temptations,He rises to the highest stations;For where high honour is the prize,True Virtue has a right to rise:Let courtly slaves low bend the kneeTo Wealth and Vice in high degree:Exalted Worth disdains to oweIts grandeur to its greatest foe.Now raised on high, see Virtue showsThe godlike ends for which he rose;For him, let proud Ambition knowThe height of glory here below,Grandeur, by goodness made complete!To bless, is truly to be great!He taught how men to honour rise,Like gilded vapours to the skies,Which, howsoever they displayTheir glory from the god of day,Their noblest use is to abateHis dangerous excess of heat,To shield the infant fruits and flowers,And bless the earth with genial showers.Now change the scene; a nobler careDemands him in a higher sphere:Distress of nations calls him hence,Permitted so by Providence;For models, made to mend our kind,To no one clime should be confined;And Manly Virtue, like the sun,His course of glorious toils should run:Alike diffusing in his flightCongenial joy, and life, and light.Pale Envy sickens, Error flies,And Discord in his presence dies;Oppression hides with guilty dread,And Merit rears her drooping head;The arts revive, the valleys sing,And winter softens into spring:The wondering world, where'er he moves,With new delight looks up, and loves;One sex consenting to admire,Nor less the other to desire;While he, though seated on a throne,Confines his love to one alone;The rest condemn'd with rival voiceRepining, do applaud his choice.Fame now reports, the Western isleIs made his mansion for a while,Whose anxious natives, night and day,(Happy beneath his righteous sway,)Weary the gods with ceaseless prayer,To bless him, and to keep him there;And claim it as a debt from Fate,Too lately found, to lose him late.

Words in this poem 27
jove n.
The chief divinity of the ancient Romans; Jupiter. [L. Jupiter, gen. Jovis, OL. Jovis, nom. & gen. for Djovis; akin to E. Tuesday. See Tuesday, and cf. Jupiter.]
fervent a.
Hot; glowing; boiling; burning; as, a fervent summer. [F. fervent, L. fervens, -entis. p.pr. of fervere o the boiling hot, to boil, glow.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
reproof n.
Refutation; confutation; contradiction. [OE. reproef. See Proof, Reprove.]
womankind n.
The females of the human race; women, collectively.
loveliness n.
The state or quality of being lovely. [From Lovely.]
lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
despise v. t.
To look down upon with disfavor or contempt; to contemn; to scorn; to disdain; to have a low opinion or contemptuous dislike of. [OF. despis-, in some forms of despire to despise, fr. L. despicere, despectum, to look down upon, despise; de- + spicere, specere, to look. See Spy, and cf. Des]
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
generous a.
Of honorable birth or origin; highborn. [F. généreux, fr. L. generous of noble birth, noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. genus birth, race: cf. It. generoso. See 2d Gender.]
unheard a.
Not heard; not perceived by the ear; as, words unheard by those present.
fraudful a.
Full of fraud, deceit, or treachery; trickish; treacherous; fraudulent; -- applied to persons or things. I. Taylor.
amazing a.
Causing amazement; very wonderful; as, amazing grace.
bashful a.
Abashed; daunted; dismayed. [See Bash.]
dame n.
A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger]
courtly a.
Relating or belonging to a court. [From Court.]
wealth n.
Weal; welfare; prosperity; good. [OE. welthe, from wele; cf. D. weelde luxury. See Weal prosperity.]
howsoever conj.
In what manner soever; to whatever degree or extent; however. [How + so + ever.]
genial a.
Contributing to, or concerned in, propagation or production; generative; procreative; productive. [L. genialis: cf. OF. genial. See Genius.]
clime n.
A climate; a tract or region of the earth. See Climate. [L. clima. See Climate.]
admire v. t.
To regard with wonder or astonishment; to view with surprise; to marvel at. [F. admirer, fr. L. admirari; ad + mirari to wonder, for smirari, akin to Gr. smi, and E. smile.]
isle v. t.
To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
mansion n.
A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole of a house or other shelter. [OF. mansion, F. maison, fr. L. mansio a staying, remaining, a dwelling, habitation, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell; akin to Gr. Manse, Manor, Menagerie, Men]
ceaseless a.
Without pause or end; incessant.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Inscribed to Lord Carteret 1724 is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #14353; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jonathan Swift, Inscribed to Lord Carteret 1724, in On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems (1727), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14353, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems-vol1/inscribed-to-lord-carteret-1724.html, id L24608.

Form and metre

Inscribed to Lord Carteret 1724 is 142 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 83% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%).

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABB--CCDDEEFFGGHHHH--II--JJKKLL--MMNNOOPPQQRRSS----TTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabbcc--ddeeffgghh--iijjkkllmmnnmm--oopp--qqrrssttuuvvwwxxyy----zzAABBCCDDEE sageA · ageA · prayerB · fairB · days · socrates · escapeC · shapeC · excellenceD · senseD · confinedE · mindE · seeF · fleeF · birthG · earthG · fairH · heirH · hearH · peerH · prove · jove · design'dI · womankindI · see · modesty · shoneJ · ownJ · prizeK · despiseK · discern'dL · learn'dL · knowledge · college · estateM · greatM · renown'dN · aroundN · ledO · fedO · wonP · outdoneP · rageQ · engageQ · strifeR · lifeR · dwellS · cellS · great · retreat · ordains · scenes · fireT · higherT · partU · heartU · mienV · seenV · vieW · eyeW · airX · sincereX · resortY · courtY · reputeZ · pursuitZ · solda · golda · hereb · peerb · youthc · truthc · guard · unheard · esteemd · seemd · unwisee · disguisee · screenf · seenf · senseg · eloquenceg · wellh · cellh · along · tongue · knowni · owni · temptationsj · stationsj · prizek · risek · kneel · degreel · owem · foem · showsn · rosen · knowm · belowm · complete · great · riseo · skieso · displayp · dayp · abate · heat · flowersq · showersq · carer · spherer · hences · providences · kindt · confinedt · sunu · runu · flightv · lightv · fliesw · diesw · dreadx · headx · singy · springy · moves · loves · admire · desire · thronez · alonez · voiceA · choiceA · isleB · whileB · dayC · swayC · prayerD · thereD · fateE · lateE
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Once on a time, a righteous sage,8·····/˘·
Grieved with the vices of the age,8···/˘···
Applied to Jove with fervent prayer--8˘/···/˘·
"O Jove, if Virtue be so fair8···/˘···
As it was deem'd in former days,8·····/˘·
By Plato and by Socrates,8·/˘··/˘·
Whose beauties mortal eyes escape,8·/˘/˘·˘/
Only for want of outward shape;8/˘···/˘·
Make then its real excellence,7····/˘˘
For once the theme of human sense;8·····/˘·
So shall the eye, by form confined,8······˘/
Direct and fix the wandering mind,8˘/···/˘·
And long-deluded mortals see,8··˘/˘/˘·
With rapture, what they used to flee!"8·/˘·····
Jove grants the prayer, gives Virtue birth,8·····/˘·
And bids him bless and mend the earth.8········
Behold him blooming fresh and fair,8˘/·/˘···
Now made--ye gods--a son and heir;8········
An heir: and, stranger yet to hear,8···/˘···
An heir, an orphan of a peer;8···/˘···
But prodigies are wrought to prove8·/˘˘····
Nothing impossible to Jove.8/˘˘/˘˘··
Virtue was for this sex design'd,8/˘····˘/
In mild reproof to womankind;8··˘/·/˘˘
In manly form to let them see8·/˘·····
The loveliness of modesty,8·/˘˘·/˘˘
The thousand decencies that shone8·/˘/˘˘··
With lessen'd lustre in their own;8·/˘/˘···
Which few had learn'd enough to prize,8····˘/··
And some thought modish to despise.8···/˘·˘/
To make his merit more discern'd,8···/˘·˘/
He goes to school--he reads--is learn'd;8········
Raised high above his birth, by knowledge,9·······/˘
He shines distinguish'd in a college;9··˘/˘··/˘
Resolved nor honour, nor estate,8˘/·/˘·˘/
Himself alone should make him great.8˘/˘/····
Here soon for every art renown'd,8···/˘·˘/
His influence is diffused around;8·/˘·˘/··
The inferior youth to learning led,9·˘/˘··/˘·
Less to be famed than to be fed,8········
Behold the glory he has won,8˘/·/˘···
And blush to see themselves outdone;8····˘///
And now, inflamed with rival rage,8··˘/·/˘·
In scientific strife engage,8··˘/˘·˘/
Engage; and, in the glorious strife8˘/···/˘·
The arts new kindle into life.8···/˘···
Here would our hero ever dwell,8··//˘/˘·
Fix'd in a lonely learned cell:8···/˘·˘·
Contented to be truly great,8˘/˘··/˘·
In Virtue's best beloved retreat;8·/˘·˘/˘/
Contented he--but Fate ordains,8˘/˘···˘/
He now shall shine in nobler scenes,8·····/˘·
Raised high, like some celestial fire,9····˘/˘/˘
To shine the more, still rising higher;9·····/˘/˘
Completely form'd in every part,8˘/˘··/˘·
To win the soul, and glad the heart.8········
The powerful voice, the graceful mien,8·/˘··/˘·
Lovely alike, or heard, or seen;8/˘˘/····
The outward form and inward vie,8·/˘··/˘·
His soul bright beaming from his eye,8···/˘···
Ennobling every act and air,8˘/˘/˘···
With just, and generous, and sincere.8···/˘·˘/
Accomplish'd thus, his next resort8˘/˘···˘/
Is to the council and the court,8···/˘···
Where Virtue is in least repute,8·/˘···˘/
And interest the one pursuit;7·/˘··˘/
Where right and wrong are bought and sold,8········
Barter'd for beauty, and for gold;8/˘·/˘···
Here Manly Virtue, even here,8·/˘/˘/˘·
Pleased in the person of a peer,8···/˘···
A peer; a scarcely bearded youth,8···/˘/˘·
Who talk'd of justice and of truth,8···/˘···
Of innocence the surest guard,8·/˘˘·/˘·
Tales here forgot, or yet unheard;8··˘/··˘/
That he alone deserved esteem,8··˘/˘/˘/
Who was the man he wish'd to seem;8········
Call'd it unmanly and unwise,8······˘/
To lurk behind a mean disguise;8······˘/
(Give fraudful Vice the mask and screen,8·/˘·····
'Tis Virtue's interest to be seen;)8·/˘/˘···
Call'd want of shame a want of sense,8········
And found, in blushes, eloquence.8···/˘/˘˘
Thus acting what he taught so well,8·/˘·····
He drew dumb merit from her cell,8···/˘···
Led with amazing art along8··˘/˘·˘/
The bashful dame, and loosed her tongue;8·/˘·····
And, while he made her value known,8·····/˘·
Yet more display'd and raised his own.8··˘/····
Thus young, thus proof to all temptations,9······˘/˘
He rises to the highest stations;9·/˘··/˘/˘
For where high honour is the prize,8···/˘···
True Virtue has a right to rise:8·/˘·····
Let courtly slaves low bend the knee8·/˘·····
To Wealth and Vice in high degree:8······˘/
Exalted Worth disdains to owe8˘/˘·˘/··
Its grandeur to its greatest foe.8·˘/··/˘·
Now raised on high, see Virtue shows8·····/˘·
The godlike ends for which he rose;8·/˘·····
For him, let proud Ambition know8····˘/˘·
The height of glory here below,8···/˘···
Grandeur, by goodness made complete!8˘/·/˘·˘/
To bless, is truly to be great!8···/˘···
He taught how men to honour rise,8·····/˘·
Like gilded vapours to the skies,8·/˘/˘···
Which, howsoever they display7·····˘/
Their glory from the god of day,8·/˘·····
Their noblest use is to abate8·/˘···˘/
His dangerous excess of heat,8·/˘˘˘/··
To shield the infant fruits and flowers,9···/˘··/˘
And bless the earth with genial showers.9·····/˘/˘
Now change the scene; a nobler care8·····/˘·
Demands him in a higher sphere:8˘/···/˘·
Distress of nations calls him hence,8˘/·/˘···
Permitted so by Providence;8˘/˘··/˘˘
For models, made to mend our kind,8·/˘···/·
To no one clime should be confined;8······˘/
And Manly Virtue, like the sun,8·/˘/˘···
His course of glorious toils should run:8···/˘···
Alike diffusing in his flight8˘/˘/˘···
Congenial joy, and life, and light.8˘/˘·····
Pale Envy sickens, Error flies,8·/˘/˘/˘·
And Discord in his presence dies;8·/˘··/˘·
Oppression hides with guilty dread,8˘/˘··/˘·
And Merit rears her drooping head;8·/˘··/˘·
The arts revive, the valleys sing,8··˘/·/˘·
And winter softens into spring:8·/˘/˘···
The wondering world, where'er he moves,9·/˘·˘˘/··
With new delight looks up, and loves;8··˘/····
One sex consenting to admire,8··˘/˘·˘/
Nor less the other to desire;9···/˘·˘/˘
While he, though seated on a throne,8···/˘···
Confines his love to one alone;8˘/····˘/
The rest condemn'd with rival voice8··˘/·/˘·
Repining, do applaud his choice.8····˘/··
Fame now reports, the Western isle8··˘/·/˘·
Is made his mansion for a while,8···/˘···
Whose anxious natives, night and day,8·/˘/˘···
(Happy beneath his righteous sway,)8/˘···/˘·
Weary the gods with ceaseless prayer,8/˘···/˘·
To bless him, and to keep him there;8········
And claim it as a debt from Fate,8········
Too lately found, to lose him late.8·/˘·····

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