Answer to Dr. Delany's Fable of the Pheasant and Lark. 1730

Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) · 1727

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 107 lines · from On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems

In ancient times, the wise were ableIn proper terms to write a fable:Their tales would always justly suitThe characters of every brute.The ass was dull, the lion brave,The stag was swift, the fox a knave;The daw a thief, the ape a droll,The hound would scent, the wolf would prowl:A pigeon would, if shown by Æsop,Fly from the hawk, or pick his pease up.Far otherwise a great divineHas learnt his fables to refine;He jumbles men and birds together,As if they all were of a feather:You see him first the Peacock bring,Against all rules, to be a king;That in his tail he wore his eyes,By which he grew both rich and wise.Now, pray, observe the doctor's choice,A Peacock chose for flight and voice;Did ever mortal see a peacockAttempt a flight above a haycock?And for his singing, doctor, you knowHimself complain'd of it to Juno.He squalls in such a hellish noise,He frightens all the village boys.This Peacock kept a standing force,In regiments of foot and horse:Had statesmen too of every kind,Who waited on his eyes behind;And this was thought the highest post;For, rule the rump, you rule the roast.The doctor names but one at present,And he of all birds was a Pheasant.This Pheasant was a man of wit,Could read all books were ever writ;And, when among companions privy,Could quote you Cicero and Livy.Birds, as he says, and I allow,Were scholars then, as we are now;Could read all volumes up to folios,And feed on fricassees and olios:This Pheasant, by the Peacock's will,Was viceroy of a neighbouring hill;And, as he wander'd in his park,He chanced to spy a clergy Lark;Was taken with his person outward,So prettily he pick'd a cow-t--d:Then in a net the Pheasant caught him,And in his palace fed and taught him.The moral of the tale is pleasant,Himself the Lark, my lord the Pheasant:A lark he is, and such a larkAs never came from Noah's ark:And though he had no other notion,But building, planning, and devotion;Though 'tis a maxim you must know,"Who does no ill can have no foe;"Yet how can I express in wordsThe strange stupidity of birds?This Lark was hated in the wood,Because he did his brethren good.At last the Nightingale comes in,To hold the doctor by the chin:We all can find out what he means,The worst of disaffected deans:Whose wit at best was next to none,And now that little next is gone;Against the court is always blabbing,And calls the senate-house a cabin;So dull, that but for spleen and spite,We ne'er should know that he could writeWho thinks the nation always err'd,Because himself is not preferr'd;His heart is through his libel seen,Nor could his malice spare the queen;Who, had she known his vile behaviour,Would ne'er have shown him so much favour.A noble lord has told his pranks,And well deserves the nation's thanks.O! would the senate deign to showResentment on this public foe,Our Nightingale might fit a cage;There let him starve, and vent his rage:Or would they but in fetters bindThis enemy of human kind!Harmonious Coffee, show thy zeal,Thou champion for the commonweal:Nor on a theme like this repine,For once to wet thy pen divine:Bestow that libeller a lash,Who daily vends seditious trash:Who dares revile the nation's wisdom,But in the praise of virtue is dumb:That scribbler lash, who neither knowsThe turn of verse, nor style of prose;Whose malice, for the worst of ends,Would have us lose our English friends:Who never had one public thought,Nor ever gave the poor a groat.One clincher more, and I have done,I end my labours with a pun.Jove send this Nightingale may fall,Who spends his day and night in gall!So, Nightingale and Lark, adieu;I see the greatest owls in youThat ever screech'd, or ever flew.

Words in this poem

knave n.
A boy; especially, a boy servant. Wyclif. [OE., boy, servant, knave, AS. cnafa boy, youth; cf. AS. cnapa boy, youth, D. kna, G. knabe boy, knappe esquire, Icel. knapi, Sw. knape esquire, knäfvel knave.]
prowl v. t.
To rove over, through, or about in a stealthy manner; esp., to search in, as for prey or booty. [OE. prollen to search about; of uncertain origin, perh. for proglen, a dim. of prog to beg, or proke to poke. Cf. Proke.]
haycock n.
A conical pile or hear of hay in the field.
neighbouring a.
Living or being near; adjacent; as, the neighboring nations or countries.
prettily adv.
In a pretty manner.
disaffected a.
Alienated in feeling; not wholly loyal. J. H. Newman.
favour n.
Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition; kindness; good will. [Written also favour.]
deign v. t.
To esteem worthy; to consider worth notice; -- opposed to disdain. [OE. deinen, deignen, OF. degner, deigner, daigner, F. daigner, fr. L. dignari to deem worthy, deign, fr. dignus worthy; akin to decere to be fitting. See Decent]
repine v. i.
To fail; to wane. [Pref. re- + pine to languish.]
scribbler n.
One who scribles; a literary hack.
groat n.
An old English silver coin, equal to four pence. [LG. grote, orig., great, that is, a great piece of coin, larger than other coins in former use. See Great.]
clincher n.
One who, or that which, clinches; that which holds fast.
jove n.
The chief divinity of the ancient Romans; Jupiter. [L. Jupiter, gen. Jovis, OL. Jovis, nom. & gen. for Djovis; akin to E. Tuesday. See Tuesday, and cf. Jupiter.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Answer to Dr. Delany's Fable of the Pheasant and Lark. 1730 is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #14353; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Jonathan Swift, Answer to Dr. Delany's Fable of the Pheasant and Lark. 1730, in On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems (1727), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14353, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems-vol1/answer-to-dr-delany-s-fable-of-the-pheasant-and-lark-1730.html, id L24615.

Form and metre

Answer to Dr. Delany's Fable of the Pheasant and Lark. 1730 is 107 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 80% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 93%).

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCC----DDEEFFGGHHII--JJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTT----UUVVWWXXYYZZaabbaa-acc--dd--eeffgghhii--jjkkllmm--nnooppp ableA · fableA · suitB · bruteB · braveC · knaveC · droll · prowl · æsop · up · divineD · refineD · togetherE · featherE · bringF · kingF · eyesG · wiseG · choiceH · voiceH · peacockI · haycockI · know · juno · noiseJ · boysJ · forceK · horseK · kindL · behindL · postM · roastM · presentN · pheasantN · witO · writO · privyP · livyP · allowQ · nowQ · foliosR · oliosR · willS · hillS · parkT · larkT · outward · d · him · him · pleasantU · pheasantU · larkV · arkV · notionW · devotionW · knowX · foeX · wordsY · birdsY · woodZ · goodZ · ina · china · meansb · deansb · nonea · gonea · blabbing · cabina · spitec · writec · err'd · preferr'd · seend · queend · behaviour · favour · prankse · thankse · showf · foef · cageg · rageg · bindh · kindh · zeali · commonweali · repine · divine · lashj · trashj · wisdomk · dumbk · knowsl · prosel · endsm · friendsm · thought · groat · donen · punn · fallo · gallo · adieup · youp · flewp
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
In ancient times, the wise were able9·/˘····/˘
In proper terms to write a fable:9·/˘····/˘
Their tales would always justly suit8···/·/˘·
The characters of every brute.8·/˘˘·/˘·
The ass was dull, the lion brave,8·····/˘·
The stag was swift, the fox a knave;8········
The daw a thief, the ape a droll,8········
The hound would scent, the wolf would prowl:8········
A pigeon would, if shown by Æsop,8·/˘·····
Fly from the hawk, or pick his pease up.9·········
Far otherwise a great divine8·/˘···˘/
Has learnt his fables to refine;8···/˘·˘/
He jumbles men and birds together,9·/˘···˘/˘
As if they all were of a feather:9·······/˘
You see him first the Peacock bring,8·····/··
Against all rules, to be a king;8········
That in his tail he wore his eyes,8········
By which he grew both rich and wise.8········
Now, pray, observe the doctor's choice,8··˘/·/˘·
A Peacock chose for flight and voice;8·/······
Did ever mortal see a peacock8·//˘··/·
Attempt a flight above a haycock?9˘/·····/·
And for his singing, doctor, you know9···/˘/˘··
Himself complain'd of it to Juno.9˘/˘/···/˘
He squalls in such a hellish noise,8·····/˘·
He frightens all the village boys.8·/˘··/˘·
This Peacock kept a standing force,8·/···/˘·
In regiments of foot and horse:8·/˘˘····
Had statesmen too of every kind,8·/˘··/˘·
Who waited on his eyes behind;8·/˘·····
And this was thought the highest post;8·····/˘·
For, rule the rump, you rule the roast.8········
The doctor names but one at present,9·/˘····/˘
And he of all birds was a Pheasant.9·······/˘
This Pheasant was a man of wit,8·/˘·····
Could read all books were ever writ;8·····/˘·
And, when among companions privy,9····˘/˘/˘
Could quote you Cicero and Livy.9···/˘····
Birds, as he says, and I allow,8······˘/
Were scholars then, as we are now;8·/˘·····
Could read all volumes up to folios,9···/˘····
And feed on fricassees and olios:8········
This Pheasant, by the Peacock's will,8·/˘··/··
Was viceroy of a neighbouring hill;8·/˘··/˘·
And, as he wander'd in his park,8···/˘···
He chanced to spy a clergy Lark;8·····/˘·
Was taken with his person outward,9·/˘··/˘/˘
So prettily he pick'd a cow-t--d:10·/˘˘······
Then in a net the Pheasant caught him,9·····/˘··
And in his palace fed and taught him.9···/˘····
The moral of the tale is pleasant,9·/˘····/˘
Himself the Lark, my lord the Pheasant:9˘/·····/˘
A lark he is, and such a lark8········
As never came from Noah's ark:8·/˘··/˘·
And though he had no other notion,9·····/˘/˘
But building, planning, and devotion;9·/˘/˘·˘/˘
Though 'tis a maxim you must know,8···/˘···
"Who does no ill can have no foe;"8········
Yet how can I express in words8····˘/··
The strange stupidity of birds?8··˘/˘˘··
This Lark was hated in the wood,8···/˘···
Because he did his brethren good.8·····/˘·
At last the Nightingale comes in,8···/˘˘··
To hold the doctor by the chin:8···/˘···
We all can find out what he means,8········
The worst of disaffected deans:8····˘/˘·
Whose wit at best was next to none,8········
And now that little next is gone;8···/˘···
Against the court is always blabbing,9·····/···
And calls the senate-house a cabin;9···/˘··/˘
So dull, that but for spleen and spite,8········
We ne'er should know that he could write8········
Who thinks the nation always err'd,8···/˘/··
Because himself is not preferr'd;8··˘/··˘/
His heart is through his libel seen,8·····/˘·
Nor could his malice spare the queen;8···/˘···
Who, had she known his vile behaviour,9······˘/˘
Would ne'er have shown him so much favour.9·······/˘
A noble lord has told his pranks,8·/˘·····
And well deserves the nation's thanks.8··˘/·/˘·
O! would the senate deign to show8···/˘···
Resentment on this public foe,8˘/˘··/˘·
Our Nightingale might fit a cage;8//˘˘····
There let him starve, and vent his rage:8········
Or would they but in fetters bind8·····/˘·
This enemy of human kind!8·/˘˘·/˘·
Harmonious Coffee, show thy zeal,8˘/˘/˘···
Thou champion for the commonweal:9·/˘˘··/˘˘
Nor on a theme like this repine,8······˘/
For once to wet thy pen divine:8······˘/
Bestow that libeller a lash,8˘/······
Who daily vends seditious trash:8·/˘·˘/˘·
Who dares revile the nation's wisdom,9··˘/·/˘/˘
But in the praise of virtue is dumb:9·····/˘··
That scribbler lash, who neither knows8·/˘··/˘·
The turn of verse, nor style of prose;8········
Whose malice, for the worst of ends,8·/˘·····
Would have us lose our English friends:8····//˘·
Who never had one public thought,8·/˘··/˘·
Nor ever gave the poor a groat.8·/˘·····
One clincher more, and I have done,8·/˘·····
I end my labours with a pun.8···/˘···
Jove send this Nightingale may fall,8···/˘˘··
Who spends his day and night in gall!8········
So, Nightingale and Lark, adieu;8·/˘˘··˘/
I see the greatest owls in you8···/˘···
That ever screech'd, or ever flew.8·/˘··/˘·

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