A Tragical Elegy
Two college sophs of Cambridge growth,Both special wits and lovers both,Conferring, as they used to meet,On love, and books, in rapture sweet;(Muse, find me names to fit my metre,Cassinus this, and t'other Peter.)Friend Peter to Cassinus goes,To chat a while, and warm his nose:But such a sight was never seen,The lad lay swallow'd up in spleen.He seem'd as just crept out of bed;One greasy stocking round his head,The other he sat down to darn,With threads of different colour'd yarn;His breeches torn, exposing wideA ragged shirt and tawny hide.Scorch'd were his shins, his legs were bare,But well embrown'd with dirt and hairA rug was o'er his shoulders thrown,(A rug, for nightgown he had none,)His jordan stood in manner fittingBetween his legs, to spew or spit in;His ancient pipe, in sable dyed,And half unsmoked, lay by his side.Him thus accoutred Peter found,With eyes in smoke and weeping drown'd;The leavings of his last night's potOn embers placed, to drink it hot.Why, Cassy, thou wilt dose thy pate:What makes thee lie a-bed so late?The finch, the linnet, and the thrush,Their matins chant in every bush;And I have heard thee oft saluteAurora with thy early flute.Heaven send thou hast not got the hyps!How! not a word come from thy lips?Then gave him some familiar thumps,A college joke to cure the dumps.The swain at last, with grief opprest,Cried, Celia! thrice, and sigh'd the rest.Dear Cassy, though to ask I dread,Yet ask I must--is Celia dead?How happy I, were that the worst!But I was fated to be curst!Come, tell us, has she play'd the whore?O Peter, would it were no more!Why, plague confound her sandy locks!Say, has the small or greater poxSunk down her nose, or seam'd her face?Be easy, 'tis a common case.O Peter! beauty's but a varnish,Which time and accidents will tarnish:But Celia has contrived to blastThose beauties that might ever last.Nor can imagination guess,Nor eloquence divine express,How that ungrateful charming maidMy purest passion has betray'd:Conceive the most envenom'd dartTo pierce an injured lover's heart.Why, hang her; though she seem'd so coy,I know she loves the barber's boy.Friend Peter, this I could excuse,For every nymph has leave to choose;Nor have I reason to complain,She loves a more deserving swain.But, oh! how ill hast thou divinedA crime, that shocks all human kind;A deed unknown to female race,At which the sun should hide his face:Advice in vain you would apply--Then leave me to despair and die.Ye kind Arcadians, on my urnThese elegies and sonnets burn;And on the marble grave these rhymes,A monument to after-times--"Here Cassy lies, by Celia slain,And dying, never told his pain."Vain empty world, farewell. But hark,The loud Cerberian triple bark;And there--behold Alecto stand,A whip of scorpions in her hand:Lo, Charon from his leaky wherryBeckoning to waft me o'er the ferry:I come! I come! Medusa see,Her serpents hiss direct at me.Begone; unhand me, hellish fry:"Avaunt--ye cannot say 'twas I."Dear Cassy, thou must purge and bleed;I fear thou wilt be mad indeed.But now, by friendship's sacred laws,I here conjure thee, tell the cause;And Celia's horrid fact relate:Thy friend would gladly share thy fate.To force it out, my heart must rend;Yet when conjured by such a friend--Think, Peter, how my soul is rack'd!These eyes, these eyes, beheld the fact.Now bend thine ear, since out it must;But, when thou seest me laid in dust,The secret thou shalt ne'er impart,Not to the nymph that keeps thy heart;(How would her virgin soul bemoanA crime to all her sex unknown!)Nor whisper to the tattling reedsThe blackest of all female deeds;Nor blab it on the lonely rocks,Where Echo sits, and listening mocks;Nor let the Zephyr's treacherous galeThrough Cambridge waft the direful tale;Nor to the chattering feather'd raceDiscover Celia's foul disgrace.But, if you fail, my spectre dread,Attending nightly round your bed--And yet I dare confide in you;So take my secret, and adieu:Nor wonder how I lost my wits:Oh! Celia, Celia, Celia sh--!
"Thou canst not say, I did it:" etc.
Words in this poem 27
- darn v. t.
- To mend as a rent or hole, with interlacing stitches of yarn or thread by means of a needle; to sew together with yarn or thread. [OE. derne, prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W. darnio to piece, break in pieces, W. & Arm. to E. tear. Cf. Tear, v. t.]
- nightgown n.
- A loose gown used for undress; also, a gown used for a sleeping garnment.
- jordan n.
- A pot or vessel with a large neck, formerly used by physicians and alchemists. Halliwell. [Prob. fr. the river Jordan, and shortened fr. Jordan bottle a bottle of water from the Jordan, brought back by pilgrims.]
- sable n.
- A carnivorous animal of the Weasel family (Mustela zibellina) native of the northern latitudes of Europe, Asia, and America, -- noted for its fine, soft, and valuable fur. [OF. sable, F. zibeline sable (in sense 4), LL. sabellum; cf. D. sabel, Dan. sabel, zobel, Sw. sabel, sobel, G. zobel; all fr. Russ. sóbole.]
- leavings n.
- Things left; remnants; relics.
- pate n.
- A pie. See Patty. [F. pâté.]
- aurora n.
- The rising light of the morning; the dawn of day; the redness of the sky just before the sun rises. [L. aurora, for ausosa, akin to Gr. ushas, and E. east.]
- hast
- , 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
- curst a.
- Froward; malignant; mischievous; malicious; snarling. [SeeCurse.]
- whore n.
- A woman who practices unlawful sexual commerce with men, especially one who prostitutes her body for hire; a prostitute; a harlot. Wyclif. [OE. hore, AS. h; akin to D. hoer, hoere, G. hure, OHG. huora, huorra, Icel. h, Dan. hore, Sw. hora, Goth. h an adulterer, AS. h adultery, OHG. huor, and probabl]
- ungrateful a.
- Not grateful; not thankful for favors; making no returns, or making ill return for kindness, attention, etc.; ingrateful. South.
- charon n.
- The son of Erebus and Nox, whose office it was to ferry the souls of the dead over the Styx, a river of the infernal regions.
- wherry n.
- A liquor made from the pulp of crab apples after the verjuice is expressed; -- sometimes called crab wherry. [Cf. W. chwerw bitter.]
- waft v. t.
- To give notice to by waving something; to wave the hand to; to beckon. [Prob. originally imp. & p. p. of wave, v. t. See Wave to waver.]
- unhand v. t.
- To loose from the hand; to let go. [1 st pref. un- + hand.]
- conjure v. t.
- To call on or summon by a sacred name or in solemn manner; to implore earnestly; to adjure. [F. conjurer, fr. L. conjurare to swear together, to conspire; con- + jurare to swear. See Jury.]
- horrid a.
- Rough; rugged; bristling. [L. horridus. See Horror, and cf. Ordure.]
- gladly adv.
- Preferably; by choice. [From Glad, a.]
- shalt
- 2d per. sing. of Shall.
- bemoan v. t.
- To express deep grief for by moaning; to express sorrow for; to lament; to bewail; to pity or sympathize with. [OE. bimenen, AS. bem; pref. be- + m to moan. See Moan.]
- tattling a.
- Given to idle talk; apt to tell tales.
- blab v. t.
- To utter or tell unnecessarily, or in a thoughtless manner; to publish (secrets or trifles) without reserve or discretion. Udall. [Cf. OE. blaberen, or Dan. blabbre, G. plappern, Gael. blabaran a stammerer; prob. of imitative origin. Cf. also Blubber, v.]
- direful a.
- Dire; dreadful; terrible; calamitous; woeful; as, a direful fiend; a direful day. [Dire + -ful.]
- chattering n.
- The act or habit of talking idly or rapidly, or of making inarticulate sounds; the sounds so made; noise made by the collision of the teeth; chatter.
- discover v. i.
- To discover or show one's self.
- spectre n.
- Something preternaturally visible; an apparition; a ghost; a phantom. [F. spectre, fr. L. spectrum an appearance, image, specter, fr. specere to look. See Spy, and cf. Spectrum.]
- nightly a.
- Of or pertaining to the night, or to every night; happening or done by night, or every night; as, nightly shades; he kept nightly vigils.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
A Tragical Elegy is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of Jonathan Swift, D.D., Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #14353; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Jonathan Swift, A Tragical Elegy, in On Poetry: A Rhapsody, and Other Poems (1727), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #14353, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/swift-poems-vol1/a-tragical-elegy.html, id L24550.
Form and metre
A Tragical Elegy is 119 lines in 2 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 91% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%).
See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJ-JKKLLMMNN--OOPPQQRRSSRRTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabb--ccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmmmmnn--ooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzz-- growthA · bothA · meetB · sweetB · metreC · peterC · goesD · noseD · seenE · spleenE · bedF · headF · darnG · yarnG · wideH · hideH · bareI · hairI · thrownJ · noneJ · fitting · inJ · dyedK · sideK · foundL · drown'dL · potM · hotM · pateN · lateN · thrush · bush · saluteO · fluteO · hypsP · lipsP · thumpsQ · dumpsQ · opprestR · restR · dreadS · deadS · worstR · curstR · whoreT · moreT · locksU · poxU · faceV · caseV · varnishW · tarnishW · blastX · lastX · guessY · expressY · maidZ · betray'dZ · darta · hearta · coyb · boyb · excuse · choose · complainc · swainc · divinedd · kindd · racee · facee · applyf · dief · urng · burng · rhymesh · timesh · slaini · paini · harkj · barkj · standk · handk · wherryl · ferryl · seem · mem · frym · im · bleedn · indeedn · laws · cause · relateo · fateo · rendp · friendp · rack'dq · factq · mustr · dustr · imparts · hearts · bemoant · unknownt · reedsu · deedsu · rocksv · mocksv · galew · talew · racex · disgracex · dready · bedy · youz · adieuz · wits · —
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Two college sophs of Cambridge growth, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Both special wits and lovers both, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Conferring, as they used to meet, | 8 | ˘/˘····· |
| On love, and books, in rapture sweet; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| (Muse, find me names to fit my metre, | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| Cassinus this, and t'other Peter.) | 10 | ·····˘/˘/˘ |
| Friend Peter to Cassinus goes, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| To chat a while, and warm his nose: | 8 | ········ |
| But such a sight was never seen, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The lad lay swallow'd up in spleen. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| He seem'd as just crept out of bed; | 8 | ········ |
| One greasy stocking round his head, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| The other he sat down to darn, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| With threads of different colour'd yarn; | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| His breeches torn, exposing wide | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| A ragged shirt and tawny hide. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Scorch'd were his shins, his legs were bare, | 8 | ········ |
| But well embrown'd with dirt and hair | 8 | ········ |
| A rug was o'er his shoulders thrown, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| (A rug, for nightgown he had none,) | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| His jordan stood in manner fitting | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| Between his legs, to spew or spit in; | 9 | ········· |
| His ancient pipe, in sable dyed, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And half unsmoked, lay by his side. | 8 | ········ |
| Him thus accoutred Peter found, | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| With eyes in smoke and weeping drown'd; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The leavings of his last night's pot | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| On embers placed, to drink it hot. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Why, Cassy, thou wilt dose thy pate: | 8 | ········ |
| What makes thee lie a-bed so late? | 8 | ········ |
| The finch, the linnet, and the thrush, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Their matins chant in every bush; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And I have heard thee oft salute | 8 | ······˘/ |
| Aurora with thy early flute. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Heaven send thou hast not got the hyps! | 8 | /······· |
| How! not a word come from thy lips? | 8 | ········ |
| Then gave him some familiar thumps, | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| A college joke to cure the dumps. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The swain at last, with grief opprest, | 9 | ······/˘˘ |
| Cried, Celia! thrice, and sigh'd the rest. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Dear Cassy, though to ask I dread, | 8 | ········ |
| Yet ask I must--is Celia dead? | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| How happy I, were that the worst! | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| But I was fated to be curst! | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Come, tell us, has she play'd the whore? | 8 | ········ |
| O Peter, would it were no more! | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Why, plague confound her sandy locks! | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Say, has the small or greater pox | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Sunk down her nose, or seam'd her face? | 8 | ········ |
| Be easy, 'tis a common case. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| O Peter! beauty's but a varnish, | 9 | ·/˘/˘··/˘ |
| Which time and accidents will tarnish: | 9 | ···/˘˘·/˘ |
| But Celia has contrived to blast | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Those beauties that might ever last. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Nor can imagination guess, | 8 | ··˘·˘/˘· |
| Nor eloquence divine express, | 8 | ·/˘˘˘/˘/ |
| How that ungrateful charming maid | 8 | ··˘/˘/˘· |
| My purest passion has betray'd: | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Conceive the most envenom'd dart | 8 | ˘/······ |
| To pierce an injured lover's heart. | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Why, hang her; though she seem'd so coy, | 8 | ········ |
| I know she loves the barber's boy. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Friend Peter, this I could excuse, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| For every nymph has leave to choose; | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Nor have I reason to complain, | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| She loves a more deserving swain. | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| But, oh! how ill hast thou divined | 8 | ······˘/ |
| A crime, that shocks all human kind; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| A deed unknown to female race, | 8 | ··˘/·/·· |
| At which the sun should hide his face: | 8 | ········ |
| Advice in vain you would apply-- | 8 | ˘/····˘/ |
| Then leave me to despair and die. | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| Ye kind Arcadians, on my urn | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| These elegies and sonnets burn; | 8 | ·/˘˘·/˘· |
| And on the marble grave these rhymes, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| A monument to after-times-- | 8 | ·/˘˘···· |
| "Here Cassy lies, by Celia slain, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And dying, never told his pain." | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Vain empty world, farewell. But hark, | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| The loud Cerberian triple bark; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And there--behold Alecto stand, | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| A whip of scorpions in her hand: | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Lo, Charon from his leaky wherry | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| Beckoning to waft me o'er the ferry: | 9 | /˘·····/˘ |
| I come! I come! Medusa see, | 8 | ····˘/˘· |
| Her serpents hiss direct at me. | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Begone; unhand me, hellish fry: | 8 | ˘/˘/·/˘· |
| "Avaunt--ye cannot say 'twas I." | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| Dear Cassy, thou must purge and bleed; | 8 | ········ |
| I fear thou wilt be mad indeed. | 8 | ······˘/ |
| But now, by friendship's sacred laws, | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| I here conjure thee, tell the cause; | 8 | ··/˘···· |
| And Celia's horrid fact relate: | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Thy friend would gladly share thy fate. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| To force it out, my heart must rend; | 8 | ········ |
| Yet when conjured by such a friend-- | 8 | ··/˘···· |
| Think, Peter, how my soul is rack'd! | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| These eyes, these eyes, beheld the fact. | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| Now bend thine ear, since out it must; | 8 | ········ |
| But, when thou seest me laid in dust, | 8 | ········ |
| The secret thou shalt ne'er impart, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| Not to the nymph that keeps thy heart; | 8 | ········ |
| (How would her virgin soul bemoan | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| A crime to all her sex unknown!) | 8 | ······˘/ |
| Nor whisper to the tattling reeds | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| The blackest of all female deeds; | 8 | ·/˘··/·· |
| Nor blab it on the lonely rocks, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Where Echo sits, and listening mocks; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Nor let the Zephyr's treacherous gale | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Through Cambridge waft the direful tale; | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Nor to the chattering feather'd race | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Discover Celia's foul disgrace. | 8 | ˘/˘/˘·˘/ |
| But, if you fail, my spectre dread, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Attending nightly round your bed-- | 8 | ˘/˘/˘··· |
| And yet I dare confide in you; | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| So take my secret, and adieu: | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Nor wonder how I lost my wits: | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Oh! Celia, Celia, Celia sh--! | 9 | ·/˘/˘/˘// |
| "Thou canst not say, I did it:" etc. | 10 | ········/˘ |
Notes from the edition 1
The notes to the Poems of Jonathan Swift, Volume I, ed. W. E. Browning (Project Gutenberg #14353, 1910).
- Stanza 1, line 88 From "Macbeth," in Act III, Sc. iv: "Thou canst not say, I did it:" etc. "Avaunt, and quit my sight."
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.