Urania

Edmund Spenser (c. 1552–1599) · 1595

iambic pentameter · ABABCC · 60 lines · from Amoretti and Epithalamion, and Other Poems

What wrath of gods, or wicked influenceOf starres conspiring wretched men t’afflict,Hath powrd on earth this noyous pestilence,That mortall mindes doth inwardly infectWith love of blindnesse and of ignorance,To dwell in darkenesse without sovenance?*

What difference twixt man and beast is left,When th’heavenlie light of knowledge is put out,And th’ornaments of wisdome are bereft?Then wandreth he in error and in doubt,Unweeting of the danger hee is in,Through fleshes frailtie and deceipt of sin.

In this wide world in which they wretches stray,It is the onelie comfort which they have,It is their light, their loadstarre, and their day;But hell, and darkenesse, and the grislie grave,Is Ignorance, the enemie of Grace,That mindes of men borne heavenlie doth debace.

Through knowledge we behold the worlds creation,How in his cradle first he fostred was;And iudge of Natures cunning operation,How things she formed of a formelesse mas:By knowledge wee do learne our selves to knowe,And what to man, and what to God, wee owe.

From hence wee mount aloft unto the skie,And looke into the christall firmament;There we behold the heavens great hierarchie,The starres pure light, the spheres swift movëment,The spirites and intelligences fayre,And angels waighting on th’Almighties chayre.

And there, with humble minde and high insight,Th’eternall Makers maiestie wee viewe,His love, his truth, his glorie, and his might,And mercie more than mortall men can vew.O soveraigne Lord, O soveraigne happinesse,To see thee, and thy mercie measurelesse!

Such happines have they that doo embraceThe precepts of my heavenlie discipline;But shame and sorrow and accursed caseHave they that scorne the schoole of arts divine,And banish me, which do professe the skillTo make men heavenly wise through humbled will.

However yet they mee despise and spight,I feede on sweet contentment of my thought,And please my selfe with mine owne self-delight,In contemplation of things heavenlie wrought:So, loathing earth, I looke up to the sky,And being driven hence, I thether fly.

Thence I behold the miserie of men,Which want the blis that wisedom would them breed.And like brute beasts doo lie in loathsome denOf ghostly darkenes and of gastlie dreed:For whom I mourne, and for my selfe complaine,And for my sisters eake whom they disdaine.

With that shee wept and waild so pityouslie,As if her eyes had beene two springing wells;And all the rest, her sorrow to supplie,Did throw forth shrieks and cries and dreery yells.So ended shee: and then the next in rewBegan her mournfull plaint, as doth ensew.

Words in this poem 15
afflict v. t.
To strike or cast down; to overthrow. [L. afflictus, p. p. of affigere to cast down, deject; ad + fligere to strike: cf. OF. aflit, afflict, p. p. Cf. Flagellate.]
noyous a.
Annoying; disagreeable.
mortall a.
Subject to death; destined to die; as, man is mortal. [F. mortel, L. mortalis, from mors, mortis, death, fr. moriri 8die; akin to E. murder. See Murder, and cf. Filemot, Mere a lake, Mortgage.]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
unweeting a.
Unwitting. Chaucer. [See Un- not, and Weet, Wit.]
loadstarre n.
A star that leads; a guiding star; esp., the polestar; the cynosure. [Load, lode + star. See Lode.]
firmament n.
Fixed foundation; established basis. [L. firmamentum, fr. firmare to make firm: cf. F. firmament. See Firm, v. & a.]
insight n.
A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; -- frequently used with into.
eternall a.
Without beginning or end of existence; always existing. [F. éternel, L. aeternalis, fr. aeternus. See Etern.]
despise v. t.
To look down upon with disfavor or contempt; to contemn; to scorn; to disdain; to have a low opinion or contemptuous dislike of. [OF. despis-, in some forms of despire to despise, fr. L. despicere, despectum, to look down upon, despise; de- + spicere, specere, to look. See Spy, and cf. Des]
spight n.
A woodpecker. See Speight.
ghostly a.
Relating to the soul; not carnal or secular; spiritual; as, a ghostly confessor. [OE. gastlich, gostlich, AS. gastlic. See Ghost.]
mourne n.
The armed or feruled end of a staff; in a sheephook, the end of the staff to which the hook is attached. Sir P. Sidney. [See 2d Morne.]
mournfull a.
Full of sorrow; expressing, or intended to express, sorrow; mourning; grieving; sad; also, causing sorrow; saddening; grievous; as, a mournful person; mournful looks, tones, loss.
plaint n.
Audible expression of sorrow; lamentation; complaint; hence, a mournful song; a lament. Chaucer."The Psalmist's mournful plaint." [OE. plainte, pleynte, F. plainte, fr. L. plangere, planctum (plancta, fem. p.p.), to beat, beat the breast, lament. Cf. Complain, Plague, Plangent.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Urania is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Edmund Spenser, Volume 5, Project Gutenberg ebook #10602; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edmund Spenser, Urania, in Amoretti and Epithalamion, and Other Poems (1595), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #10602, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/spenser-amoretti/urania.html, id L23757.

Form and metre

Urania is 60 lines in 10 stanzas of 6 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABABCC, complete in 9 of its 10 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ----AA influence · t'afflict · pestilence · infect · ignoranceA · sovenanceA
  2. 2 ABABCC leftA · outB · bereftA · doubtB · inC · sinC
  3. 3 ABABCC strayA · haveB · dayA · graveB · graceC · debaceC
  4. 4 ABABCC creationA · wasB · operationA · masB · knoweC · oweC
  5. 5 ABABCC skieA · firmamentB · hierarchieA · movëmentB · fayreC · chayreC
  6. 6 ABABCC insightA · vieweB · mightA · vewB · happinesseC · measurelesseC
  7. 7 ABABCC embraceA · disciplineB · caseA · divineB · skillC · willC
  8. 8 ABABCC spightA · thoughtB · delightA · wroughtB · skyC · flyC
  9. 9 ABABCC menA · breedB · denA · dreedB · complaineC · disdaineC
  10. 10 ABABCC pityouslieA · wellsB · supplieA · yellsB · rewC · ensewC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
What wrath of gods, or wicked influence10·····/˘/˘˘
Of starres conspiring wretched men t’afflict,10··˘/˘/˘···
Hath powrd on earth this noyous pestilence,10·····/˘/˘˘
That mortall mindes doth inwardly infect10·/˘··/˘˘˘/
With love of blindnesse and of ignorance,10·······/˘˘
To dwell in darkenesse without sovenance?*11···········
What difference twixt man and beast is left,10·/˘˘······
When th’heavenlie light of knowledge is put out,11······/˘···
And th’ornaments of wisdome are bereft?10········˘/
Then wandreth he in error and in doubt,10·/˘··/˘···
Unweeting of the danger hee is in,10˘/˘··/˘···
Through fleshes frailtie and deceipt of sin.10·/˘·······
In this wide world in which they wretches stray,10··········
It is the onelie comfort which they have,11······/˘···
It is their light, their loadstarre, and their day;10··········
But hell, and darkenesse, and the grislie grave,11···········
Is Ignorance, the enemie of Grace,10·/˘˘······
That mindes of men borne heavenlie doth debace.11···········
Through knowledge we behold the worlds creation,11·/˘·˘/··˘/˘
How in his cradle first he fostred was;10···/˘··/˘·
And iudge of Natures cunning operation,11···/˘/˘·˘/˘
How things she formed of a formelesse mas:10··········
By knowledge wee do learne our selves to knowe,10·/˘···/···
And what to man, and what to God, wee owe.10··········
From hence wee mount aloft unto the skie,10····˘/····
And looke into the christall firmament;10·····/˘/˘˘
There we behold the heavens great hierarchie,11··˘/·/˘····
The starres pure light, the spheres swift movëment,10··········
The spirites and intelligences fayre,10·/˘·˘/˘˘˘·
And angels waighting on th’Almighties chayre.9·/˘······
And there, with humble minde and high insight,10···/˘···/·
Th’eternall Makers maiestie wee viewe,9···/˘····
His love, his truth, his glorie, and his might,10··········
And mercie more than mortall men can vew.10·····/˘···
O soveraigne Lord, O soveraigne happinesse,12············
To see thee, and thy mercie measurelesse!11···········
Such happines have they that doo embrace10········˘/
The precepts of my heavenlie discipline;11·/······/˘˘
But shame and sorrow and accursed case10···/˘···˘·
Have they that scorne the schoole of arts divine,11·········˘/
And banish me, which do professe the skill10·/˘·······
To make men heavenly wise through humbled will.10···/˘··/˘·
However yet they mee despise and spight,10·/˘···˘/··
I feede on sweet contentment of my thought,10····˘/˘···
And please my selfe with mine owne self-delight,10········˘/
In contemplation of things heavenlie wrought:11··˘/˘······
So, loathing earth, I looke up to the sky,10·/˘·······
And being driven hence, I thether fly.10·/˘/˘·····
Thence I behold the miserie of men,10··˘/······
Which want the blis that wisedom would them breed.11···········
And like brute beasts doo lie in loathsome den10·······/˘·
Of ghostly darkenes and of gastlie dreed:10·/˘/˘·····
For whom I mourne, and for my selfe complaine,10··········
And for my sisters eake whom they disdaine.10···/˘·····
With that shee wept and waild so pityouslie,10··········
As if her eyes had beene two springing wells;10·······/˘·
And all the rest, her sorrow to supplie,10·····/˘···
Did throw forth shrieks and cries and dreery yells.10··········
So ended shee: and then the next in rew10·/˘·······
Began her mournfull plaint, as doth ensew.10˘/·/˘·····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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