Iambicum Trimetrum

Edmund Spenser (c. 1552–1599) · 1595

trochaic heptameter · 141 lines · from Amoretti and Epithalamion, and Other Poems

Vnhappie Verse, the witnesse of my vnhappie state,Make thy selfe fluttring wings of thy fast flyingThought, and fly forth vnto my love whersoeuer she be:

Whether lying reastlesse in heauy bedde, or elseSitting so cheerelesse at the cheerfull boorde, or elsePlaying alone carelesse on hir heauenlie virginals.

If in bed, tell hir, that my eyes can take no reste;If at boorde, tell hir, that my mouth can eate no meate;If at hir virginals, tel hir, I can heare no mirth.

Asked why? say, Waking loue suffereth no sleepe;Say, that raging loue dothe appall the weake stomacke;Say, that lamenting loue marreth the musicall.

Tell hir, that hir pleasures were wonte to lull me asleepe;Tell hir, that hir beautie was wonte to feede mine eyes;Tell hir, that hir sweete tongue was wonte to make me mirth.

Nowe doe I nightly waste, wanting my kindely reste;Nowe doe I dayly starue, wanting my liuely foode;Nowe doe I alwayes dye, wanting thy timely mirth.

And if I waste, who will bewaile my heauy chaunce?And if I starue, who will record my cursed end?And if I dye, who will saye, This was Immerito?

Ad ornatissimum virum, multis iam diu nominibus clarissimum, G. H.,Immerito sui, mox in Gallias nauigaturi,

Sic malus egregium, sic non inimicus amicum,Sicque nouus veterem iubet ipse poeta poetamSaluere, ac caelo, post secula multa, secundo,Iam reducem, (caelo mage quam nunc ipse sccundo)Vtier. Ecce deus, (modo sit deus ille, renixumQui vocet in scelus, et iuratos perdat amores)Ecce deus mihi clara dedit modo signa marinus,Et sua veligero lenis parat aequora lignoMox sulcanda; suas etiam pater AEolus irasPonit, et ingentes animos Aquilonis.Cuncta vijs sic apta meis: ego solus ineptus.Nam mihi nescio quo mens saucia vulnere, dudumFluctuat ancipiti pelago, dum navita proramInualidam validus rapit huc Amor, et rapit illucConsilijs Ratio melioribus vsa, DecusqueImmortale leui diffissa Cupidinis arcu:Angimur hoc dubio, et portu vexamur in ipso.Magne pharetrati nunc tu contemptor Amoris,(Id tibi Dij nomen precor haud impune remittant)Hos nodos exsolue, et eris mihi magnus Apollo!Spiritus ad summos, scio, te generosus honoresExstimulat, majusque docet spirare poetam.Quam leuis est Amor, et tamen haud leuis est Amor omnis.Ergo nihil laudi reputas aequale perenni,Praeque sacrosancta splendoris imagine tanti,Caetera, quae vecors, vti numina, vulgus adorat,Praedia, amicitias, vrbana peculia, nummos,Quaeque placent oculis, formas, spectacula, amores,Conculcare soles, vt humum, et ludibria sensus:Digna meo certe Haruejo sententia, dignaOratore amplo, et generoso pectore, quam nonStoica formidet veterum sapientia vinclisSancire aeternis: sapor haud tamen omnibus idem.Dicitur effoeti proles facunda Laertae,Quamlibet ignoti iactata per aequora caeli,Inque procelloso longum exsul gurgite ponto,Prae tamen amplexu lachrymosae conjugis, ortusCaelestes, Diuûmque thoros spreuisse beatos.Tantum amor, et mulier, vel amore potetitior. IliumTu tamen illudis; tua magnificentia tanta est:Praeque subumbrata splendoris imagine tanti,Praeque illo meritis famosis nomine parto,Caetera, quae vecors, vti numina, vulgus adorat,Praedia, amicitias, armenta, peculia, nummos,Quaeque placent oculis, formas, spectacula, amores,Quaeque placent ori, quaeque auribus, omnia temnis.Nae tu grande sapis! sapor et sapientia non est:Omnis et in paruis bene qui scit desipuisse,Saepe supercilijs palmam sapientibus aufert.Ludit Aristippum modo tetrica turba sophorum,Mitia purpureo moderantem verba tyranno;Ludit Aristippus dictamina vana sophorum,Quos leuis emensi male torquet Culicis vmbra:Et quisquis placuisse studet heroibus altis,Desipuisse studet; sic gratia crescit ineptis.Denique laurigeris quisquis sua tempora vittisInsignire volet, populoque placere fauenti,Desipere insanus discit, turpemque pudendaeStultitiae laudem quaerit. Pater Ennuis vnusDictus in innumeris sapiens: laudatur at ipseCarmina vesano fudisse liquentia vino.Nec tu, pace tua, nostri Cato Maxime saecli,Nomen honorati sacrum mereare poetae,Quantumvis illustre canas, et nobile carmen,Ni stultire velis; sic stultorum omnia plena.Tuta sed in medio superest via gurgite; nam quiNec reliquis nimium vult desipuisse videri,Nec sapuisse nimis, sapientem dixeris vnum:Hinc te merserit vnda, illine combusserit ignis.Nec tu delicias nimis aspernare fluentes,Nec sero dominam venientem in vota, nec aurum,Si sapis, oblatum: (Curijs ea, FabricijsqueGrande sui decus ij, nostri sed dedecus aeui;)Nec sectare nimis: res vtraque crimine plena.Hoc bene qui callet, (si quis tamen hoc bene callet,)Scribe vel invito sapientem hunc Socrate solum.Vis facit vna pios, iustos facit altera, et alt’raEgregie cordata ac fortia pectora: verumOmne tulit punctum, qui miscuit vtile dulci.Dij mihi dulce diu dederant, verum vtile nunquam:Vtile nunc etiam, o vtinam quoque dulce dedissent.Dij mihi, (quippe Dijs aequalia maxima paruis,)Ni nimis inuideant mortalibus esse beatis,Dulce simul tribuisse queant, simul vtile: tantaSed fortuna tua est: pariter quaeque vtile, quaequeDulce dat ad placitum: sseuo nos sydere natiQuaesitum imus eam per inhospita Caucasa longe,Perque Pyrenaeos montes, Babilonaque turpem.Quod si quaesitum nec ibi invenerimus, ingensAEquor inexhaustis permensi erroribus vltraFluctibus in medijs socij quaeremus Vlyssis:Passibus inde deam fessis comitabimur aegram,Nobile cui furtum quaerenti defuit orbis.Namque sinu pudet in patrio tenebrisque pudendis,Non nimis ingenio iuuenem infoelice virentesOfficijs frustra deperdere vilibus annos,Frugibus et vacuas speratis cernere spicas.Ibimus ergo statim, (quis eutiti fausta precetur?)Et pede clivosas fesso calcabimus Alpes.Quis dabit interea, conditas rore Britanno,Quis tibi litterulas, quis carmen amore petulcum!Musa sub Oebalij desueta cacumine mentis,Flebit inexhausto tarn longa silentia planctu,Lugebitque sacrum lacrymis Helicona tacentem.Harueiusque bonus, (charus licet omnibus idem,)Idque suo merito prope suauior omnibus, vnusAngelus et Gabriel, quamuis comitatus araicisInnumeris, geniûmque choro stipatus amaeno,Immerito tamen vnum absentem saepe requiret;Optabitque, Utinam meus hic Edmundus adesset,Qui noua scripsisset, nee amores conticuisset,Ipse suos; et saepe animo verbisque benignisFausta precaretur, Deus illum aliqaundo reducat. &c.

Plura vellem per Charites, sed non licet per Musas.Vale, Vale plurimum, Mi amabilissime Harueie, meo cordi, meorumomnium longe charissime.

Per mare, per terras, Viuus mortuusque, Tuus Immerito.

To my long approoued and singular good frende, Master G. H.

Words in this poem 30
bedde v. t.
To place in a bed.
cheerfull a.
Having or showing good spirits or joy; cheering; cheery; contented; happy; joyful; lively; animated; willing.
appall v. t.
To make pale; to blanch. [OF. appalir to grow pale, make pale; a (L. ad) + pâlir to grow pale, to make pale, pâle pale. See Pale, a., and cf. Pall.]
lull v. t.
To cause to rest by soothing influences; to compose; to calm; to soothe; to quiet. [Akin to OD. lullen to sing to sleep, G. lullen, Dan. lulle, Sw. lulla; all of imitative origin. Cf. Loll, Lollard.]
nightly a.
Of or pertaining to the night, or to every night; happening or done by night, or every night; as, nightly shades; he kept nightly vigils.
cursed a.
Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
mage n.
A magician. Spenser. [F. mage. See Magi.]
solus a.
Alone; -- chiefly used in stage directions, and the like. [L.]
ergo conj.
Therefore; consequently; -- often used in a jocular way. [L.]
nihil n.
Nothing. Nihil album Etym: [L., white nothing] (Chem.), oxide of zinc. See under Zinc. [L.]
sapor n.
Power of affecting the organs of taste; savor; flavor; taste. [L. See Savor.]
omnibus n.
A long four-wheeled carriage, having seats for many people; especially, one with seats running lengthwise, used in conveying passengers short distances. [L., for all, dat. pl. from omnis all. Cf. Bus.]
idem pron.
The same; the same as above; -- often abbreviated id. [L.]
bene n.
A prayer; boon. [AS. b.]
aurum n.
Gold. Aurum fulminans (See Fulminate. [L.]
oblatum n.
An oblate spheroid; a figure described by the revolution of an ellipse about its minor axis. Cf. Oblongum. [NL. See Oblate.]
callet n.
A trull or prostitute; a scold or gossip. [Cf. Ir. & Gael. caile a country woman, strumpet.]
scribe n.
One who writes; a draughtsman; a writer for another; especially, an offical or public writer; an amanuensis or secretary; a notary; a copyist. [L. scriba, fr. scribere to write; cf. Gr. scarify. Cf. Ascribe, Describe, Script, Scrivener, Scrutoire.]
punctum n.
A point. Punctum cæcum. Etym: [L., blind point.] (Anat.) Same as Blind spot, under Blind. [L., a point.]
dulce v. t.
To make sweet; to soothe.
quippe n.
A smart, sarcastic turn or jest; a taunt; a severe retort; a gibe. [Cf. W. chwip a quick flirt or turn, chwipio to whip, to move briskly, and E. whip. Cf. Quib, Quibble.]
placitum n.
A public court or assembly in the Middle Ages, over which the sovereign president when a consultation was held upon affairs of state. Brande & C. [LL. See Placit.]
longe n.
A thrust. See Lunge. Smollett. [Abbrev. fr. allonge. See Lunge.]
quod v.
Quoth; said. See Quoth.
inde a.
Azure-colored; of a bright blue color. Rom. of R.
tarn n.
A mountain lake or pool. [OE. terne, Icel. tjörn.]
bonus n.
A premium given for a loan, or for a charter or other privilege granted to a company; as the bank paid a bonus for its charter. [L. bonus good. Cf. Bonny.]
vale n.
A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
omnium n.
The aggregate value of the different stocks in which a loan to government is now usually funded. M'Culloch. [L., of all, gen. pl. of omnis all.]
singular a.
Separate or apart from others; single; distinct. [OE. singuler, F. singulier, fr. L. singularius, singularis, fr. singulus single. See Single, a.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Iambicum Trimetrum is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Edmund Spenser, Volume 5, Project Gutenberg ebook #10602; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Edmund Spenser, Iambicum Trimetrum, in Amoretti and Epithalamion, and Other Poems (1595), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #10602, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/spenser-amoretti/iambicum-trimetrum.html, id L23792.

Form and metre

Iambicum Trimetrum is 141 lines in 12 stanzas. The metre is trochaic heptameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 74%).

See other poems in trochaic heptameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 2 AA- elseA · elseA · virginals
  2. 9 A-BBA-C---C------------------------------------------DDD----------------------------------E--EF---F----GG---HHH-- amicumA · poetam · secundoB · sccundoB · renixumA · amores · marinusC · ligno · iras · aquilonis · ineptusC · dudum · proram · illuc · decusque · arcu · ipso · amoris · remittant · apollo · honores · poetam · omnis · perenni · tanti · adorat · nummos · amores · sensus · digna · non · vinclis · idem · laertae · caeli · ponto · ortus · beatos · ilium · est · tanti · parto · adorat · nummos · amores · temnis · est · desipuisse · aufert · sophorum · tyranno · sophorum · vmbra · altisD · ineptisD · vittisD · fauenti · pudendae · vnus · ipse · vino · saecli · poetae · carmen · plena · qui · videri · vnum · ignis · fluentes · aurum · fabricijsque · aeui · plena · callet · solum · alt'ra · verum · dulci · nunquam · dedissent · paruis · beatis · tanta · quaeque · nati · longe · turpem · ingens · vltra · vlyssisE · aegram · orbis · pudendisE · virentesF · annos · spicas · precetur · alpesF · britanno · petulcum · mentis · planctu · tacentemG · idemG · vnus · araicis · amaeno · requiretH · adessetH · conticuissetH · benignis · —
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic heptameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Vnhappie Verse, the witnesse of my vnhappie state,11···········
Make thy selfe fluttring wings of thy fast flying11···/˘····/˘
Thought, and fly forth vnto my love whersoeuer she be:11···········
Whether lying reastlesse in heauy bedde, or else11··/˘·······
Sitting so cheerelesse at the cheerfull boorde, or else13/˘······/˘···
Playing alone carelesse on hir heauenlie virginals.13/˘˘/·······/˘
If in bed, tell hir, that my eyes can take no reste;12············
If at boorde, tell hir, that my mouth can eate no meate;12············
If at hir virginals, tel hir, I can heare no mirth.12···/˘·······
Asked why? say, Waking loue suffereth no sleepe;10···/˘·/˘··
Say, that raging loue dothe appall the weake stomacke;12··/˘··˘/····
Say, that lamenting loue marreth the musicall.11··˘/˘·/˘·/˘
Tell hir, that hir pleasures were wonte to lull me asleepe;13····/˘·······
Tell hir, that hir beautie was wonte to feede mine eyes;12············
Tell hir, that hir sweete tongue was wonte to make me mirth.12············
Nowe doe I nightly waste, wanting my kindely reste;13···/˘·/˘·····
Nowe doe I dayly starue, wanting my liuely foode;12······/˘····
Nowe doe I alwayes dye, wanting thy timely mirth.11·····/˘·/˘·
And if I waste, who will bewaile my heauy chaunce?12············
And if I starue, who will record my cursed end?11······˘/···
And if I dye, who will saye, This was Immerito?13·············
Ad ornatissimum virum, multis iam diu nominibus clarissimum, G. H.,22········/˘············
Immerito sui, mox in Gallias nauigaturi,14····/˘··/˘····
Sic malus egregium, sic non inimicus amicum,15···············
Sicque nouus veterem iubet ipse poeta poetam12············
Saluere, ac caelo, post secula multa, secundo,15··//···········
Iam reducem, (caelo mage quam nunc ipse sccundo)12············
Vtier. Ecce deus, (modo sit deus ille, renixum11···········
Qui vocet in scelus, et iuratos perdat amores)14············/˘
Ecce deus mihi clara dedit modo signa marinus,15····/˘····/˘···
Et sua veligero lenis parat aequora ligno15······/˘·······
Mox sulcanda; suas etiam pater AEolus iras13·······/˘··/˘
Ponit, et ingentes animos Aquilonis.12············
Cuncta vijs sic apta meis: ego solus ineptus.14·······/˘·····
Nam mihi nescio quo mens saucia vulnere, dudum13·············
Fluctuat ancipiti pelago, dum navita proram15···············
Inualidam validus rapit huc Amor, et rapit illuc17··········/˘·····
Consilijs Ratio melioribus vsa, Decusque13···/˘········
Immortale leui diffissa Cupidinis arcu:14··············
Angimur hoc dubio, et portu vexamur in ipso.15···············
Magne pharetrati nunc tu contemptor Amoris,13·············
(Id tibi Dij nomen precor haud impune remittant)14·/·······˘/···
Hos nodos exsolue, et eris mihi magnus Apollo!15··········/˘˘/˘
Spiritus ad summos, scio, te generosus honores14············/˘
Exstimulat, majusque docet spirare poetam.12············
Quam leuis est Amor, et tamen haud leuis est Amor omnis.17··˘//˘·····˘//˘/˘
Ergo nihil laudi reputas aequale perenni,15/˘/˘···········
Praeque sacrosancta splendoris imagine tanti,13········˘/˘··
Caetera, quae vecors, vti numina, vulgus adorat,15···············
Praedia, amicitias, vrbana peculia, nummos,13·············
Quaeque placent oculis, formas, spectacula, amores,14······/˘····/˘
Conculcare soles, vt humum, et ludibria sensus:13·············
Digna meo certe Haruejo sententia, digna13··/˘·········
Oratore amplo, et generoso pectore, quam non14··············
Stoica formidet veterum sapientia vinclis13·············
Sancire aeternis: sapor haud tamen omnibus idem.14·····/˘···/˘/˘
Dicitur effoeti proles facunda Laertae,11···········
Quamlibet ignoti iactata per aequora caeli,15···············
Inque procelloso longum exsul gurgite ponto,13···········/˘
Prae tamen amplexu lachrymosae conjugis, ortus14··············
Caelestes, Diuûmque thoros spreuisse beatos.9···/˘·˘/˘
Tantum amor, et mulier, vel amore potetitior. Ilium18··/˘·/˘˘·/˘····/˘˘
Tu tamen illudis; tua magnificentia tanta est:16··············˘/
Praeque subumbrata splendoris imagine tanti,13········˘/˘··
Praeque illo meritis famosis nomine parto,13·············
Caetera, quae vecors, vti numina, vulgus adorat,15···············
Praedia, amicitias, armenta, peculia, nummos,14······˘/˘·····
Quaeque placent oculis, formas, spectacula, amores,14······/˘····/˘
Quaeque placent ori, quaeque auribus, omnia temnis.13···/˘········
Nae tu grande sapis! sapor et sapientia non est:14·····/˘·····˘/
Omnis et in paruis bene qui scit desipuisse,13/˘····/˘·····
Saepe supercilijs palmam sapientibus aufert.13·············
Ludit Aristippum modo tetrica turba sophorum,16················
Mitia purpureo moderantem verba tyranno;15··˘/˘˘····/˘···
Ludit Aristippus dictamina vana sophorum,15··········/˘···
Quos leuis emensi male torquet Culicis vmbra:12············
Et quisquis placuisse studet heroibus altis,12············
Desipuisse studet; sic gratia crescit ineptis.13·············
Denique laurigeris quisquis sua tempora vittis14··············
Insignire volet, populoque placere fauenti,12············
Desipere insanus discit, turpemque pudendae12············
Stultitiae laudem quaerit. Pater Ennuis vnus12······/˘˘/˘·
Dictus in innumeris sapiens: laudatur at ipse14·······/˘·····
Carmina vesano fudisse liquentia vino.13·············
Nec tu, pace tua, nostri Cato Maxime saecli,12······/˘˘/··
Nomen honorati sacrum mereare poetae,11···········
Quantumvis illustre canas, et nobile carmen,12·····/˘·/˘/˘
Ni stultire velis; sic stultorum omnia plena.13·············
Tuta sed in medio superest via gurgite; nam qui14····/˘/˘/˘····
Nec reliquis nimium vult desipuisse videri,13·············
Nec sapuisse nimis, sapientem dixeris vnum:12············
Hinc te merserit vnda, illine combusserit ignis.14··············
Nec tu delicias nimis aspernare fluentes,12··˘/˘·····/˘
Nec sero dominam venientem in vota, nec aurum,15·············/˘
Si sapis, oblatum: (Curijs ea, Fabricijsque12···˘/˘······
Grande sui decus ij, nostri sed dedecus aeui;)13·/˘··········
Nec sectare nimis: res vtraque crimine plena.11···········
Hoc bene qui callet, (si quis tamen hoc bene callet,)15·/˘·/˘·····/˘/˘
Scribe vel invito sapientem hunc Socrate solum.13···········/˘
Vis facit vna pios, iustos facit altera, et alt’ra15··········/˘·/˘
Egregie cordata ac fortia pectora: verum15······//·······
Omne tulit punctum, qui miscuit vtile dulci.12···/˘·······
Dij mihi dulce diu dederant, verum vtile nunquam:14··············
Vtile nunc etiam, o vtinam quoque dulce dedissent.13·············
Dij mihi, (quippe Dijs aequalia maxima paruis,)12········/˘··
Ni nimis inuideant mortalibus esse beatis,13·············
Dulce simul tribuisse queant, simul vtile: tanta12············
Sed fortuna tua est: pariter quaeque vtile, quaeque14·˘/˘·˘/·······
Dulce dat ad placitum: sseuo nos sydere nati12···/˘˘······
Quaesitum imus eam per inhospita Caucasa longe,15···/˘··········
Perque Pyrenaeos montes, Babilonaque turpem.12····/˘······
Quod si quaesitum nec ibi invenerimus, ingens15···············
AEquor inexhaustis permensi erroribus vltra14··············
Fluctibus in medijs socij quaeremus Vlyssis:13·············
Passibus inde deam fessis comitabimur aegram,14··············
Nobile cui furtum quaerenti defuit orbis.12/˘········/˘
Namque sinu pudet in patrio tenebrisque pudendis,14··············
Non nimis ingenio iuuenem infoelice virentes13·············
Officijs frustra deperdere vilibus annos,13···········/˘
Frugibus et vacuas speratis cernere spicas.13·············
Ibimus ergo statim, (quis eutiti fausta precetur?)16···/˘······/˘···
Et pede clivosas fesso calcabimus Alpes.12············
Quis dabit interea, conditas rore Britanno,13·············
Quis tibi litterulas, quis carmen amore petulcum!15·/······/˘/˘···
Musa sub Oebalij desueta cacumine mentis,14/˘············
Flebit inexhausto tarn longa silentia planctu,14··············
Lugebitque sacrum lacrymis Helicona tacentem.15···············
Harueiusque bonus, (charus licet omnibus idem,)12··/˘····/˘/˘
Idque suo merito prope suauior omnibus, vnus10·······/˘·
Angelus et Gabriel, quamuis comitatus araicis14/˘˘·/˘··˘/˘···
Innumeris, geniûmque choro stipatus amaeno,14··············
Immerito tamen vnum absentem saepe requiret;14··············
Optabitque, Utinam meus hic Edmundus adesset,14··············
Qui noua scripsisset, nee amores conticuisset,12······/˘····
Ipse suos; et saepe animo verbisque benignis12············
Fausta precaretur, Deus illum aliqaundo reducat. &c.17/˘···············
Plura vellem per Charites, sed non licet per Musas.14············/˘
Vale, Vale plurimum, Mi amabilissime Harueie, meo cordi, meorum19·············/˘····
omnium longe charissime.7/˘˘····
Per mare, per terras, Viuus mortuusque, Tuus Immerito.13···/˘········
To my long approoued and singular good frende, Master G. H.13·····/˘··/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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