Book II

Robert Southey (1774–1843) · 1801

iambic trimeter · unrhymed · 401 lines · from Thalaba the Destroyer

Not in the desertSon of HodeirahWert thou abandoned!The coexistent fire,That in the Dens of Darkness burnt for thee,Burns yet, and yet shall burn.

In the Domdaniel cavernsUnder the Roots of the Ocean,Met the Masters of the Spell.Before them in the vault,Blazing unfuelled from the floor of rock,Ten magic flames arose."Burn mystic fires!" Abdaldar cried,"Burn whilst Hodeirah's dreaded race exist."This is the appointed hour,"The hour that shall secure these dens of night."

"Dim they burn," exclaimed Lobaba,"Dim they burn, and now they waver!"Okba lifts the arm of death,"They waver,... they go out!

"Curse on his hasty hand!"Khawla exclaimed in wrath,The woman-fiend exclaimed,"Curse on his hasty hand, the fool hath failed!"Eight only are gone out."

A Teraph stood against the cavern side,A new-born infant's head,That Khawla at his hour of birth had seizedAnd from the shoulders wrung.It stood upon a plate of gold,An unclean Spirit's name inscribed beneath.The cheeks were deathy dark,Dark the dead skin upon the hairless skull;The lips were bluey pale;Only the eyes had life,They gleamed with demon light.

"Tell me!" quoth Khawla, "is the Fire gone out"That threats the Masters of the Spell?"The dead lips moved and spake,"The Fire still burns that threats"The Masters of the Spell."

"Curse on thee, Okba!" Khawla cried,As to the den the Sorcerer came,He bore the dagger in his handHot from the murder of Hodeirah's race."Behold those unextinguished flames!"The fire still burns that threats"The Masters of the Spell!"Okba, wert thou weak of heart?"Okba, wert thou blind of eye?"Thy fate and ours were on the lot,"And we believed the lying stars"That said thy hand might seize the auspicious hour!"Thou hast let slip the reins of Destiny,..."Curse thee, curse thee, Okba!"

The Murderer answering said,"O versed in all enchanted lore,"Thou better knowest Okba's soul."Eight blows I struck, eight home-driven blows,"Needed no second stroke"From this envenomed blade."Ye frown at me as if the will had failed,"As if ye did not know"My double danger from Hodeirah's race,"The deeper hate I feel,"The stronger motive that inspired my arm!"Ye frown as if my hasty fault,"My ill-directed blow"Had spared the enemy,"And not the stars that would not give,"And not your feeble spells"That could not force, the sign"Which of the whole was he!"Did ye not bid me strike them all?"Said ye not root and branch should be destroyed?"I heard Hodeirah's dying groan,"I heard his Children's shriek of death,"And sought to consummate the work,"But o'er the two remaining lives"A cloud unpierceable had risen,"A cloud that mocked my searching eyes."I would have probed it with the dagger-point,"The dagger was repelled,"A Voice came forth and cried"Son of Perdition, cease! thou canst not change"What in the Book of Destiny is written."

Khawla to the Teraph turned,"Tell me where the Prophet's hand"Hides our destined enemy?"The dead lips spake again,"I view the seas, I view the land,"I search the ocean and the earth!"Not on Ocean is the Boy,"Not on Earth his steps are seen."

"A mightier power than we," Lobaba cried,"Protects our destined foe!"Look! look! one fire burns dim!"It quivers! it goes out!"

It quivered, it was quenched.One flame alone was left,A pale blue flame that trembled on the earth,A hovering light upon whose shrinking edgeThe darkness seemed to press.Stronger it grew, and spreadIts lucid swell around,Extending now where all the ten had stood,With lustre more than all.At that protentous sight,The children of Evil trembledAnd Terror smote their souls.Over the den the fireIts fearful splendour cast,The broad base rolling up in wavy streams,Bright as the summer lightning when it spreadsIts glory o'er the midnight heaven.The Teraphs eyes were dimmed,That like two twinkling starsShone in the darkness late.The Sorcerers on each other gazed,And every face all pale with fear,And ghastly in that light was seenLike a dead man's by the sepulchral lamp.

Even Khawla fiercest of the enchanter broodNot without effort drewHer fear suspended breath.Anon a deeper rageInflamed her reddening eye."Mighty is thy power, Mohammed!"Loud in blasphemy she cried,"But Eblis would not stoop to man"When Man fair statured as the stately palm,"From his Creator's hand"Was undefiled and pure."Thou art mighty, O Son of Abdallah!"But who is he of woman born"That shall vie with the might of Eblis?"That shall rival the Prince of the Morning?"

She said, and raised her skinny handAs in defiance to high Heaven,And stretched her long lean finger forthAnd spake aloud the words of power.The Spirits heard her call,And lo! before her standsHer Demon Minister."Spirit!" the Enchantress cried,"Where lives the Boy coeval with whose life"Yon magic fire must burn?"Mistress of the mighty Spell,Not on Ocean, not on Earth.Only eyes that viewAllah's glory throne,See his hiding-place.From some believing Spirit, ask and learn.

"Bring the dead Hodeirah here,"Khawla cried, "and he shall tell."The Demon heard her bidding, and was gone.A moment passed, and at her feetHodeirah's corpse was laid.His hand still held the sword he grasped in death,The blood not yet had clotted on his wound.

The Sorceress looked and with a smileThat kindled to more fiendishnessHer hideous features, cried,"Where Hodeirah is thy soul?"Is it in the Zemzem well?"Is it in the Eden groves?"Waits it for the judgement-blast"In the trump of Israfil?"Is it plumed with silver wings"Underneath the throne of God?"Even if beneath his throne"Hodeirah, thou shalt hear,"Thou shalt obey my voice!"

She said, and muttered charms that Hell in fearAnd Heaven in horror heard.Soon the stiff eye-balls rolled,The muscles with convulsive motion shook,The white lips quivered. Khawla saw, her soulExulted, and she cried,"Prophet! behold my power!"Not even death secures"Thy slaves from Khawla's Spell!"Where Hodeirah is thy child?"

Hodeirah groaned and closed his eyes,As if in the night and the blindness of deathHe would have hid himself.

"Speak to my question!" she exclaimed,"Or in that mangled body thou shall live"Ages of torture! answer me!"Where can we find the Boy?"

"God! God! Hodeirah cried,"Release me from this life,"From this intolerable agony!"

"Speak!" cried the Sorceress; and she snatchedA Viper from the floor,And with the living reptile lashed his neck.Wreathed, round him with the blow,The Reptile tighter drew her foldsAnd raised her wrathful head,And fixed into his faceHer deadly teeth, and shedPoison in every wound.In vain! for Allah heard Hodeirah's prayer,And Khawla on a corpseHad wrecked her baffled rage.The fated fire moved onAnd round the Body wrapt its funeral flames.The flesh and bones in that portentous pileConsumed; the Sword alone,Circled with fire was left.

Where is the Boy for whose hand it is destined?Where the Destroyer who one day shall wieldThe Sword that is circled with fire?Race accursed, try your charms!Masters of the mighty Spell,Mutter o'er your words of power!Ye can shatter the dwellings of man,Ye can open the womb of the rock,Ye can shake the foundations of earth,But not the Word of God:But not one letter can ye changeOf what his Will hath written!

Who shall seek thro' ArabyHodeirah's dreaded son?They mingle the Arrows of ChanceThe lot of Abdaldar is drawn.Thirteen moons must wax and waneEre the Sorcerer quit his quest.He must visit every tribeThat roam the desert wilderness,Or dwell beside perennial streams;Nor leave a solitary tent unsearchedTill he has found the Boy,The hated Boy whose blood aloneCan quench that dreaded fire.

A crystal ring Abdaldar bore,The powerful gem condensedPrimeval dews that upon CaucasusFelt the first winter's frost.Ripening there it lay beneathRock above rock, and mountain ice up-piledOn mountain, till the incumbent mass assumed,So huge its bulk, the Ocean's azure hue.

With this he sought the inner denWhere burnt the eternal flame.Like waters gushing from some channelled rockFull thro' a narrow opening, from a chasmThe eternal flame streamed up.No eye beheld the fountOf that up-flowing flame,That blazed self-nurtured, and for ever, there.It was no mortal element: the AbyssSupplied it, from the fountains at the firstPrepared. In the heart of earth it lives and glowsHer vital heat, till at the day decreed,The voice of God shall let its billows loose,To deluge o'er with no abating floodThe consummated World;That thenceforth thro' the air must roll,The penal Orb of Fire.

Unturbaned and unsandalled there,Abdaldar stood before the flame,And held the Ring beside, and spakeThe language that the Elements obey.The obedient flame detatched a portion forth,That, in the crystal entering, was condensed,Gem of the gem, its living Eye of fire.When the hand that wears the spellShall touch the destined Boy,Then shall that Eye be quenched,And the freed ElementFly to its sacred and remembered Spring.

Now go thy way Abdaldar!Servant of Eblis,Over ArabiaSeek the Destroyer!Over the sands of the scorching Tchama,Over the waterless mountains of Naid,In Arud pursue him; and Yemen the happy,And Hejaz, the country beloved by believers.Over ArabiaServant of Eblis,Seek the Destroyer.

From tribe to tribe, from town to town,From tent to tent, Abdaldar past.Him every morn the all-beholding EyeSaw from his couch, unhallowed by a prayer,Rise to the scent of blood,And every night lie down.That rankling hope within him, that by dayGoaded his steps, still stinging him in sleep,And startling him with vain accomplishmentFrom visions still the same.Many a time his wary handTo many a youth applied the Ring,And still the dagger in his mantle hidWas ready for the deed.

At length to the cords of a tentThat were stretched by an Island of PalmsIn the desolate sea of the sands,The weary traveller came.Under a shapely palm,Herself as shapely, there a Damsel stood.She held her ready robeAnd looked towards a Boy,Who from the tree aboveWith one hand clinging to its trunk,Cast with the other down the clustered dates.

The Wizard approached the Tree,He leaned on his staff, like a way-faring man,And the sweat of his travel was seen on his brow.He asks for food, and lo!The Damsel proffers him her lap of dates.And the Stripling descends, and runs into the tentAnd brings him forth water, the draught of delight.

Anon the Master of the tent,The Father of the familyCame forth, a man in years, of aspect mild.To the stranger approaching he gaveThe friendly saluting of peace,And bade the skin be spread.Before the tent they spread the skin,Under a Tamarind's shade,That bending forward, stretchedIts boughs of beauty far.They brought the Traveller rice,With no false colours tinged to tempt the eye,But white as the new-fallen snow,When never yet the sullying SunHath seen its purity,Nor the warm Zephyr touched and tainted it.The dates of the grove before their guestThey laid, and the luscious fig,And water from the well.The Damsel from the Tamarind treeHad plucked its acid fruitAnd steeped it in water long;And whoso drank of the cooling draughtHe would not wish for wine.This to the guest the Damsel brought,And a modest pleasure kindled her cheek,When raising from the cup his moistened lipsThe Stranger smiled, and praised, and drank again.

Whither is gone the Boy?He had pierced the Melon's pulpAnd closed with wax the wound,And he had duly gone at mornAnd watched its ripening rind,And now all joyfully he bringsThe treasure now matured.His dark eyes sparkle with a boy's delight.As he pours out its liquid lusciousnessAnd proffers to the guest.

Abdaldar ate, and he was satisfied:And now his tongue discoursedOf regions far remote,As one whose busy feet had travelled long.The Father of the family,With a calm eye and quiet smile,Sate pleased to hearken him.The Damsel who removed the meal,She loitered on the wayAnd listened with full handsA moment motionless.All eagerly the BoyWatches the Traveller's lips,And still the wily manWith seemly kindness to the eager BoyDirects his winning tale.Ah, cursed man! if this be he,If thou hast found the object of thy search,Thy hate, thy bloody aim,Into what deep damnation wilt thou plungeThy miserable soul!Look! how his eye delighted watches thine!Look! how his open lipsGasp at the winning tale!And nearer now he comesTo lose no word of that delightful talk.Then, as in familiar mood,Upon the Stripling's armThe Sorcerer laid his hand,And the fire of the Crystal fled.

Whilst the sudden shoot of joyMade pale Abdaldar's cheek,The Master's voice was heard:"It is the hour of prayer,..."My children, let us purify ourselves"And praise the Lord our God!"The Boy the water brought,After the law they purified themselves,And bent their faces to the earth in prayer.

All, save Abdaldar; over ThalabaHe stands, and lifts the dagger to destroy.Before his lifted arm receivedIts impulse to descend,The Blast of the Desert came.Prostrate in prayer, the pious familyFelt not the Simoom pass.They rose, and lo! the Sorcerer lying dead,Holding the dagger in his blasted hand.

Words in this poem 57
coexistent a.
Existing at the same time with another.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
waver v. i.
To play or move to and fro; to move one way and the other; hence, to totter; to reel; to swing; to flutter. [OE. waveren, from AS. wæfre wavering, restless. See Wave, v. i.]
hairless a.
Destitute of hair.
bluey
,a.Bluish. Southey.
quoth v. t.
Said; spoke; uttered; -- used only in the first and third persons in the past tenses, and always followed by its nominative, the word or words said being the object; as, quoth I. quoth he. [AS.cweedhan, imp cwæedh, pl. cwædon; akin to OS. queedhan, OHG. quethan, quedan, Icel. kveedha, Goth. qiþan. sq. root22. Cf. Bequeath.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
enchanted a.
Under the power of enchantment; possessed or exercised by enchanters; as, an enchanted castle.
perdition n.
Entire loss; utter destruction; ruin; esp., the utter loss of the soul, or of final happiness in a future state; future misery or eternal death. [F., fr. L. perditio, fr. perdere, perditum, to ruin, to lose; per (cf. Skr. para away) + -dere (only in comp.) to put; akin to Gr. do. See Do.]
quivered a.
Furnished with, or carrying, a quiver.
lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
splendour n.
Great brightness; brilliant luster; brilliancy; as, the splendor ot the sun. B. Jonson. [L. fr. splendere to shine: cf. F. splendeur.]
twinkling n.
The act of one who, or of that which, twinkles; a quick movement of the eye; a wink; a twinkle. Holland.
enchanter n.
One who enchants; a sorcerer or magician; also, one who delights as by an enchantment. [Cf. F. enchanteur.]
anon adv.
Straightway; at once. [OE. anoon, anon, anan, lit., in one (moment), fr. AS. on in + an one. See On and One.]
eblis n.
The prince of the evil spirits; Satan. [Written also Eblees.] [Ar. iblis.]
statured a.
Arrived at full stature.
skinny a.
Consisting, or chiefly consisting, of skin; wanting flesh.
aloud adv.
With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly. [Pref. a- + loud.]
enchantress n.
A woman versed in magical arts; a sorceress; also, a woman who fascinates. [Cf. F. enchanteresse.]
coeval a.
Of the same age; existing during the same period of time, especially time long and remote; -- usually followed by with. [L. coaevus; co- + aevum lifetime, age. See Age, n.]
corpse n.
A human body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes contemptuosly. [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F. corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse, Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]
eden n.
The garden where Adam and Eve first dwelt; hence, a delightful region or residence. [Heb. eden delight, pleasure; also, a place of pleasure, Eden.]
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.
shook v. t.
To pack, as staves, in a shook.
tighter n.
A ribbon or string used to draw clothes closer.
wrathful a.
Full of wrath; very angry; greatly incensed; ireful; passionate; as, a wrathful man.
allah n.
The name of the Supreme Being, in use among the Arabs and the Mohammedans generally. [contr. fr. the article al the + ilah God.]
portentous a.
Of the nature of a portent; containing portents; foreschadowing, esp. foreschadowing ill; ominous. [L. portentosus.]
circled a.
Having the form of a circle; round.
wield v. t.
To govern; to rule; to keep, or have in charge; also, to possess. [OE. welden to govern, to have power over, to possess, AS. geweldan, gewyldan, from wealdan; akin to OS. waldan, OFries. walda, G. walten, OHG. waltan, Icel. val]
womb n.
The belly; the abdomen. [OE. wombe, wambe, AS. wamb, womb; akin to D. wam belly, OS. & OHG. wamba, G. wamme, wampe, Icel. vömb, Sw. v&mb, Dan. vom, Goth. wamba.]
araby n.
The country of Arabia.
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
thenceforth adv.
From that time; thereafter.
scorching a.
Burning; parching or shriveling with heat.
waterless a.
Destitute of water; dry.
naid n.
Any one of numerous species of small, fresh-water, chætopod annelids of the tribe Naidina. They belong to the Oligochæta. [See Naiad.]
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
unhallowed a.
Not consecrated; hence, profane; unholy; impious; wicked. [Pref. un- not + hallowed.]
shapely a.
Well-formed; having a regular shape; comely; symmetrical. T.
damsel n.
A young person, either male or female, of noble or gentle extraction; as, Damsel Pepin; Damsel Richard, Prince of Wales. [OE. damosel, damesel, damisel, damsel, fr. OF. damoisele, damisele, gentlewoman, F. demoiselle young lady; cf. OF. damoisel young nobleman, F. damoiseau; fr. LL]
stripling n.
A youth in the state of adolescence, or just passing from boyhood to manhood; a lad. [Dim. of strip; as if a small strip from the main stock or steam.]
bade
A form of the pat tense of Bid.
zephyr n.
The west wind; poetically, any soft, gentle breeze. [L. zephyrus, Gr. zéphyr.]
luscious a.
Sweet; delicious; very grateful to the taste; toothsome; excessively sweet or rich. [Prob. for lustious, fr. lusty, or perh. a corruption of luxurious. Cf. Lush, Lusty.]
whoso pron.
Whosoever. Piers Plowman.
drank n.
Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a plant. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
cooling a.
Adapted to cool and refresh; allaying heat.
whither adv.
To what place; -- used interrogatively; as, whither goest thou [OE. whider. AS. hwider; akin to E. where, who; cf. Goth. hvadre whither. See Who, and cf. Hither, Thither.]
sate v. t.
To satisfy the desire or appetite of; to satiate; to glut; to surfeit. [Probably shortened fr. satiate: cf. L. satus full. See Satiate.]
cursed a.
Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
damnation n.
The state of being damned; condemnation; openly expressed disapprobation. [F. damnation, L. damnatio, fr. damnare. See Damn.]
delighted a.
Endowed with delight.
gasp v. i.
To open the mouth wide in catching the breath, or in laborious respiration; to labor for breath; to respire convulsively; to pant violently. [OE. gaspen, gaispen, to yawn, gasp, Icel. geispa to yawn; akin to Sw. gäspa, Dan. gispe to gasp.]
simoom n.
A hot, dry, suffocating, dust-laden wind, that blows occasionally in Arabia, Syria, and neighboring countries, generated by the extreme heat of the parched deserts or sandy plains. [Ar. sam, fr. samma to poison. Cf. Samiel.]
blasted a.
Blighted; withered.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Book II is in the public domain. This text is taken from Thalaba the Destroyer, Project Gutenberg ebook #39804; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Robert Southey, Book II, in Thalaba the Destroyer (1801), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #39804, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/southey-thalaba/book-ii.html, id L12173.

Form and metre

Book II is 401 lines in 34 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.6 syllables. 44 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 29% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 6 -A--A out · spellA · spake · threats · spellA
  2. 8 --------------------A---A------ said · lore · soul · blows · stroke · blade · failed · know · race · feel · arm · fault · blow · enemy · give · spells · sign · he · all · destroyed · groanA · death · work · lives · risenA · eyes · point · repelled · cried · change · written
  3. 9 -A--A--- turned · handA · enemy · again · landA · earth · boy · seen
  4. 12 -----AA-------- brood · drew · breath · rage · eye · mohammedA · criedA · man · palm · hand · pure · abdallah · born · eblis · morning
  5. 13 ---------A-----A hand · heaven · forth · power · call · stands · minister · cried · life · burnA · spell · earth · view · throne · place · learnA
  6. 20 -----A-A--------- snatched · floor · neck · blow · folds · headA · face · shedA · wound · prayer · corpse · rage · on · flames · pile · alone · left
  7. 24 -A-A--A---------- den · flameA · rock · chasmA · up · fount · flameA · there · abyss · first · glows · decreed · loose · flood · world · roll · fire
  8. 26 -ABC----BAC abdaldar · eblisA · arabiaB · destroyerC · tchama · naid · happy · believers · arabiaB · eblisA · destroyerC
  9. 27 A----A-------- townA · past · eye · prayer · blood · downA · day · sleep · accomplishment · same · hand · ring · hid · deed
  10. 30 --------------------------AA tent · family · mild · gave · peace · spread · skin · shade · stretched · far · rice · eye · snow · sun · purity · it · guest · fig · well · tree · fruit · long · draught · wine · brought · cheek · lipsA · againA
  11. 32 -----------AB-AC------BC------ satisfied · discoursed · remote · long · family · smile · him · meal · way · hands · motionless · boyA · lipsB · man · boyA · taleC · he · search · aim · plunge · soul · thine · lipsB · taleC · comes · talk · mood · arm · hand · fled
  12. 33 ---AB--BA joy · cheek · heard · prayerA · ourselvesB · god · brought · themselvesB · prayerA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Not in the desert5···/˘
Son of Hodeirah5·····
Wert thou abandoned!6··˘/˘˘
The coexistent fire,6····/˘
That in the Dens of Darkness burnt for thee,10·····/˘···
Burns yet, and yet shall burn.6······
In the Domdaniel caverns7·····/˘
Under the Roots of the Ocean,7······/
Met the Masters of the Spell.7··/˘···
Before them in the vault,6······
Blazing unfuelled from the floor of rock,9/˘·······
Ten magic flames arose.6·/˘·˘/
"Burn mystic fires!" Abdaldar cried,8·/˘/····
"Burn whilst Hodeirah's dreaded race exist.10·····/˘·˘/
"This is the appointed hour,7···˘/˘/
"The hour that shall secure these dens of night."10·/··˘/····
"Dim they burn," exclaimed Lobaba,8···˘/···
"Dim they burn, and now they waver!8······/˘
"Okba lifts the arm of death,7·······
"They waver,... they go out!6·/˘···
"Curse on his hasty hand!"6···/˘·
Khawla exclaimed in wrath,6··˘/··
The woman-fiend exclaimed,6·/˘·˘/
"Curse on his hasty hand, the fool hath failed!10···/˘·····
"Eight only are gone out."6·/˘···
A Teraph stood against the cavern side,10·/˘····/˘·
A new-born infant's head,6···/˘·
That Khawla at his hour of birth had seized10·····/····
And from the shoulders wrung.6···/˘·
It stood upon a plate of gold,8········
An unclean Spirit's name inscribed beneath.10·˘//˘·˘/··
The cheeks were deathy dark,6······
Dark the dead skin upon the hairless skull;10·······/˘·
The lips were bluey pale;6···/˘·
Only the eyes had life,6/˘····
They gleamed with demon light.6···/˘·
"Tell me!" quoth Khawla, "is the Fire gone out10·······/··
"That threats the Masters of the Spell?"8···/˘···
The dead lips moved and spake,6······
"The Fire still burns that threats6·/····
"The Masters of the Spell."6·/˘···
"Curse on thee, Okba!" Khawla cried,8········
As to the den the Sorcerer came,8·····/˘·
He bore the dagger in his hand8···/˘···
Hot from the murder of Hodeirah's race.10···/˘·····
"Behold those unextinguished flames!8˘/······
"The fire still burns that threats6·/····
"The Masters of the Spell!6·/˘···
"Okba, wert thou weak of heart?7·······
"Okba, wert thou blind of eye?7·······
"Thy fate and ours were on the lot,8···/····
"And we believed the lying stars8··˘/·/˘·
"That said thy hand might seize the auspicious hour!11·······˘/˘/
"Thou hast let slip the reins of Destiny,...9·······/˘
"Curse thee, curse thee, Okba!"6······
The Murderer answering said,6·/˘/˘·
"O versed in all enchanted lore,8····˘/˘·
"Thou better knowest Okba's soul.8·/˘/˘···
"Eight blows I struck, eight home-driven blows,8······/·
"Needed no second stroke6/˘·/˘·
"From this envenomed blade.6······
"Ye frown at me as if the will had failed,10··········
"As if ye did not know6······
"My double danger from Hodeirah's race,10·/˘/˘·····
"The deeper hate I feel,6·/˘···
"The stronger motive that inspired my arm!10·/˘/˘·˘/··
"Ye frown as if my hasty fault,8·····/˘·
"My ill-directed blow6··˘/˘·
"Had spared the enemy,6···/˘˘
"And not the stars that would not give,8········
"And not your feeble spells6···/˘·
"That could not force, the sign6······
"Which of the whole was he!6······
"Did ye not bid me strike them all?8········
"Said ye not root and branch should be destroyed?10········˘/
"I heard Hodeirah's dying groan,8·····/˘·
"I heard his Children's shriek of death,8···/˘···
"And sought to consummate the work,7···/˘··
"But o'er the two remaining lives8····˘/˘·
"A cloud unpierceable had risen,9·······/˘
"A cloud that mocked my searching eyes.8·····/˘·
"I would have probed it with the dagger-point,10·······/˘·
"The dagger was repelled,6·/˘·˘/
"A Voice came forth and cried6······
"Son of Perdition, cease! thou canst not change10··˘/˘·····
"What in the Book of Destiny is written."10·····/˘·/˘
Khawla to the Teraph turned,7····/˘·
"Tell me where the Prophet's hand7····/˘·
"Hides our destined enemy?"7·//˘/˘˘
The dead lips spake again,6····˘/
"I view the seas, I view the land,8········
"I search the ocean and the earth!7···/···
"Not on Ocean is the Boy,6··/···
"Not on Earth his steps are seen."7·······
"A mightier power than we," Lobaba cried,10·/˘/······
"Protects our destined foe!6˘///˘·
"Look! look! one fire burns dim!6···/··
"It quivers! it goes out!"6·/˘···
It quivered, it was quenched.6·/˘···
One flame alone was left,6··˘/··
A pale blue flame that trembled on the earth,10·····/˘···
A hovering light upon whose shrinking edge10·/˘····/˘·
The darkness seemed to press.6·/˘···
Stronger it grew, and spread6/˘····
Its lucid swell around,6·/˘···
Extending now where all the ten had stood,10˘/˘·······
With lustre more than all.6·/˘···
At that protentous sight,6······
The children of Evil trembled7·/˘·//˘
And Terror smote their souls.6·/˘···
Over the den the fire7·····/˘
Its fearful splendour cast,6·/˘/˘·
The broad base rolling up in wavy streams,10···/˘··/˘·
Bright as the summer lightning when it spreads10···/˘/˘···
Its glory o'er the midnight heaven.8·/˘··/·/
The Teraphs eyes were dimmed,6······
That like two twinkling stars6···/˘·
Shone in the darkness late.6···/˘·
The Sorcerers on each other gazed,8·/˘··/˘·
And every face all pale with fear,8·/˘·····
And ghastly in that light was seen8·/˘·····
Like a dead man's by the sepulchral lamp.10······˘/˘·
Even Khawla fiercest of the enchanter brood11/··/˘··˘/˘·
Not without effort drew6···/˘·
Her fear suspended breath.6··˘/˘·
Anon a deeper rage6˘/·/˘·
Inflamed her reddening eye.6˘/·/˘·
"Mighty is thy power, Mohammed!"8/˘··/˘/˘
Loud in blasphemy she cried,6··/˘··
"But Eblis would not stoop to man8·/˘·····
"When Man fair statured as the stately palm,10···/˘··/˘·
"From his Creator's hand6··˘/˘·
"Was undefiled and pure.6······
"Thou art mighty, O Son of Abdallah!10··/˘····/˘
"But who is he of woman born8·····/˘·
"That shall vie with the might of Eblis?9·······/˘
"That shall rival the Prince of the Morning?"10··/˘····/˘
She said, and raised her skinny hand8·····/˘·
As in defiance to high Heaven,8··˘/˘··/
And stretched her long lean finger forth8·····/˘·
And spake aloud the words of power.8··˘/···/
The Spirits heard her call,6·/˘···
And lo! before her stands6······
Her Demon Minister.6·/˘/˘˘
"Spirit!" the Enchantress cried,6/·˘/˘·
"Where lives the Boy coeval with whose life10····˘/˘···
"Yon magic fire must burn?"6·/˘/··
Mistress of the mighty Spell,7/˘··/˘·
Not on Ocean, not on Earth.6··/···
Only eyes that view5/˘···
Allah's glory throne,5/˘/˘·
See his hiding-place.5··/˘·
From some believing Spirit, ask and learn.9··˘/˘/···
"Bring the dead Hodeirah here,"7·······
Khawla cried, "and he shall tell."7·······
The Demon heard her bidding, and was gone.10·/˘··/˘···
A moment passed, and at her feet8·/˘·····
Hodeirah's corpse was laid.6······
His hand still held the sword he grasped in death,10··········
The blood not yet had clotted on his wound.10·····/˘···
The Sorceress looked and with a smile9·/˘˘·····
That kindled to more fiendishness8·/˘·····
Her hideous features, cried,6·/˘/˘·
"Where Hodeirah is thy soul?7·······
"Is it in the Zemzem well?7·······
"Is it in the Eden groves?7····/˘·
"Waits it for the judgement-blast7····/˘·
"In the trump of Israfil?7·······
"Is it plumed with silver wings7····/˘·
"Underneath the throne of God?7·˘/····
"Even if beneath his throne6/·····
"Hodeirah, thou shalt hear,6······
"Thou shalt obey my voice!"6··˘/··
She said, and muttered charms that Hell in fear10···/˘·····
And Heaven in horror heard.6·/·/˘·
Soon the stiff eye-balls rolled,6······
The muscles with convulsive motion shook,10·/˘·˘/˘/˘·
The white lips quivered. Khawla saw, her soul10···/˘·····
Exulted, and she cried,6˘/˘···
"Prophet! behold my power!7/˘˘/·/˘
"Not even death secures6·/˘·˘/
"Thy slaves from Khawla's Spell!6······
"Where Hodeirah is thy child?"7·······
Hodeirah groaned and closed his eyes,8········
As if in the night and the blindness of death11·······/˘··
He would have hid himself.6····˘/
"Speak to my question!" she exclaimed,8···/˘·˘/
"Or in that mangled body thou shall live10···/˘/˘···
"Ages of torture! answer me!8/˘·/˘/˘·
"Where can we find the Boy?"6······
"God! God! Hodeirah cried,6······
"Release me from this life,6˘/····
"From this intolerable agony!"7··˘/˘/˘
"Speak!" cried the Sorceress; and she snatched9···/˘˘···
A Viper from the floor,6·/˘···
And with the living reptile lashed his neck.10···/˘/˘···
Wreathed, round him with the blow,6······
The Reptile tighter drew her folds7·/˘/···
And raised her wrathful head,6···/˘·
And fixed into his face6······
Her deadly teeth, and shed6·/˘···
Poison in every wound.6/˘·/˘·
In vain! for Allah heard Hodeirah's prayer,10···/˘·····
And Khawla on a corpse6······
Had wrecked her baffled rage.6···/˘·
The fated fire moved on6·/˘/··
And round the Body wrapt its funeral flames.10···/˘··/˘·
The flesh and bones in that portentous pile10······˘/˘·
Consumed; the Sword alone,6˘/··˘/
Circled with fire was left.6/˘·/··
Where is the Boy for whose hand it is destined?11·········/˘
Where the Destroyer who one day shall wield10··˘/˘·····
The Sword that is circled with fire?8····/˘·/
Race accursed, try your charms!6······
Masters of the mighty Spell,7/˘··/˘·
Mutter o'er your words of power!7/˘····/
Ye can shatter the dwellings of man,9··/˘·/˘··
Ye can open the womb of the rock,9··/˘·····
Ye can shake the foundations of earth,9····˘/˘··
But not the Word of God:6······
But not one letter can ye change8···/˘···
Of what his Will hath written!7·····/˘
Who shall seek thro' Araby7····/˘˘
Hodeirah's dreaded son?6···/˘·
They mingle the Arrows of Chance8·/˘·/˘··
The lot of Abdaldar is drawn.8········
Thirteen moons must wax and wane7//·····
Ere the Sorcerer quit his quest.7··/˘···
He must visit every tribe7··/˘/˘·
That roam the desert wilderness,7···/˘/˘
Or dwell beside perennial streams;8··˘/˘/˘·
Nor leave a solitary tent unsearched10···/˘·˘···
Till he has found the Boy,6······
The hated Boy whose blood alone8·/˘···˘/
Can quench that dreaded fire.7···/˘/˘
A crystal ring Abdaldar bore,8·/˘·····
The powerful gem condensed6·/˘·˘/
Primeval dews that upon Caucasus9˘/˘····/˘
Felt the first winter's frost.6···/˘·
Ripening there it lay beneath7/˘·····
Rock above rock, and mountain ice up-piled10·····/˘···
On mountain, till the incumbent mass assumed,11·/˘··˘/˘·˘/
So huge its bulk, the Ocean's azure hue.10·····/˘/˘·
With this he sought the inner den8·····/˘·
Where burnt the eternal flame.7···˘/˘·
Like waters gushing from some channelled rock10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Full thro' a narrow opening, from a chasm11···/˘/˘··/˘
The eternal flame streamed up.7·˘/˘···
No eye beheld the fount6··˘/··
Of that up-flowing flame,6···/˘·
That blazed self-nurtured, and for ever, there.9···/˘··/·
It was no mortal element: the Abyss10···/˘/˘·˘/
Supplied it, from the fountains at the first10˘/···/˘···
Prepared. In the heart of earth it lives and glows11˘/·········
Her vital heat, till at the day decreed,10·/˘·····˘/
The voice of God shall let its billows loose,10·······/˘·
To deluge o'er with no abating flood10·/˘···˘/˘·
The consummated World;6·/˘·˘·
That thenceforth thro' the air must roll,8··/·····
The penal Orb of Fire.7·/˘··/˘
Unturbaned and unsandalled there,8········
Abdaldar stood before the flame,8········
And held the Ring beside, and spake8····˘/··
The language that the Elements obey.9·/˘··/˘˘/
The obedient flame detatched a portion forth,11·˘/˘····/˘·
That, in the crystal entering, was condensed,10···/˘/˘·˘/
Gem of the gem, its living Eye of fire.10·····/˘··/
When the hand that wears the spell7·······
Shall touch the destined Boy,6···/˘·
Then shall that Eye be quenched,6······
And the freed Element6···/˘˘
Fly to its sacred and remembered Spring.10···/˘·˘/˘·
Now go thy way Abdaldar!7·······
Servant of Eblis,5/˘·/˘
Over Arabia6··˘/˘˘
Seek the Destroyer!5··˘/˘
Over the sands of the scorching Tchama,9·····/˘··
Over the waterless mountains of Naid,10··/˘˘/˘·/˘
In Arud pursue him; and Yemen the happy,12···˘/··/˘·/˘
And Hejaz, the country beloved by believers.12····/˘˘/·˘/˘
Over Arabia6··˘/˘˘
Servant of Eblis,5/˘·/˘
Seek the Destroyer.5··˘/˘
From tribe to tribe, from town to town,8········
From tent to tent, Abdaldar past.8········
Him every morn the all-beholding Eye10·/˘···˘/˘·
Saw from his couch, unhallowed by a prayer,10····˘/˘···
Rise to the scent of blood,6······
And every night lie down.6·/˘···
That rankling hope within him, that by day10·/˘·······
Goaded his steps, still stinging him in sleep,10/˘···/˘···
And startling him with vain accomplishment9·/˘···˘/˘
From visions still the same.6·/˘···
Many a time his wary hand7/···/˘·
To many a youth applied the Ring,8·/··˘/··
And still the dagger in his mantle hid10···/˘··/˘·
Was ready for the deed.6·/˘···
At length to the cords of a tent8········
That were stretched by an Island of Palms9·····/˘··
In the desolate sea of the sands,8··/˘····
The weary traveller came.6·/˘/˘·
Under a shapely palm,6···/˘·
Herself as shapely, there a Damsel stood.10˘/·/˘··/˘·
She held her ready robe6···/˘·
And looked towards a Boy,6······
Who from the tree above6······
With one hand clinging to its trunk,8···/˘···
Cast with the other down the clustered dates.10···/˘··/˘·
The Wizard approached the Tree,7·/˘˘/··
He leaned on his staff, like a way-faring man,11········/˘·
And the sweat of his travel was seen on his brow.12·····/˘·····
He asks for food, and lo!6······
The Damsel proffers him her lap of dates.10·/˘/˘·····
And the Stripling descends, and runs into the tent12··/˘˘/······
And brings him forth water, the draught of delight.11····/˘···˘/
Anon the Master of the tent,8˘/·/˘···
The Father of the family7·/˘··/˘
Came forth, a man in years, of aspect mild.10·······/··
To the stranger approaching he gave9··/˘˘/˘··
The friendly saluting of peace,8·/˘˘/˘··
And bade the skin be spread.6······
Before the tent they spread the skin,8········
Under a Tamarind's shade,7·······
That bending forward, stretched6·/˘/˘·
Its boughs of beauty far.6···/˘·
They brought the Traveller rice,6···/˘·
With no false colours tinged to tempt the eye,10···/˘·····
But white as the new-fallen snow,8·····/˘·
When never yet the sullying Sun7·/··/˘·
Hath seen its purity,6···/˘˘
Nor the warm Zephyr touched and tainted it.10···/˘··/˘·
The dates of the grove before their guest9·········
They laid, and the luscious fig,7····/˘·
And water from the well.6·/˘···
The Damsel from the Tamarind tree9·/˘··/˘˘·
Had plucked its acid fruit6···/˘·
And steeped it in water long;7····/˘·
And whoso drank of the cooling draught9·/˘···/˘·
He would not wish for wine.6······
This to the guest the Damsel brought,8·····/˘·
And a modest pleasure kindled her cheek,10··/˘/˘/˘··
When raising from the cup his moistened lips10·/˘····/˘·
The Stranger smiled, and praised, and drank again.10·/˘·····˘/
Whither is gone the Boy?6/˘····
He had pierced the Melon's pulp7····/˘·
And closed with wax the wound,6······
And he had duly gone at morn8···/˘···
And watched its ripening rind,6···/˘·
And now all joyfully he brings7···/˘··
The treasure now matured.6·/˘·˘/
His dark eyes sparkle with a boy's delight.10···/˘···˘/
As he pours out its liquid lusciousness10·····/˘···
And proffers to the guest.6·/˘···
Abdaldar ate, and he was satisfied:10·······/˘·
And now his tongue discoursed6····/˘
Of regions far remote,6·/˘·˘/
As one whose busy feet had travelled long.10···/˘··/˘·
The Father of the family,7·/˘··/˘
With a calm eye and quiet smile,7·····/·
Sate pleased to hearken him.6···/˘·
The Damsel who removed the meal,8·/˘·˘/··
She loitered on the way6·/˘···
And listened with full hands6·/˘···
A moment motionless.6·/˘/˘˘
All eagerly the Boy6·/˘˘··
Watches the Traveller's lips,6/˘·/˘·
And still the wily man6···/˘·
With seemly kindness to the eager Boy10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Directs his winning tale.6˘/·/˘·
Ah, cursed man! if this be he,7·······
If thou hast found the object of thy search,10·····/˘···
Thy hate, thy bloody aim,6···/˘·
Into what deep damnation wilt thou plunge10····˘/˘···
Thy miserable soul!6·/˘˘˘·
Look! how his eye delighted watches thine!10····˘/˘/˘·
Look! how his open lips6···/˘·
Gasp at the winning tale!6···/˘·
And nearer now he comes6·/˘···
To lose no word of that delightful talk.10······˘/˘·
Then, as in familiar mood,7···˘/˘·
Upon the Stripling's arm6···/˘·
The Sorcerer laid his hand,6·/˘···
And the fire of the Crystal fled.8··/··/˘·
Whilst the sudden shoot of joy7··/˘···
Made pale Abdaldar's cheek,6······
The Master's voice was heard:6·/˘···
"It is the hour of prayer,...6···/··
"My children, let us purify ourselves10·/˘··/˘·˘/
"And praise the Lord our God!"6····/·
The Boy the water brought,6···/˘·
After the law they purified themselves,10·····/˘·˘/
And bent their faces to the earth in prayer.10···/˘·····
All, save Abdaldar; over Thalaba9·········
He stands, and lifts the dagger to destroy.10·····/˘·˘/
Before his lifted arm received8···/˘·˘/
Its impulse to descend,6·/˘·˘/
The Blast of the Desert came.7····/˘·
Prostrate in prayer, the pious family8/˘···//˘
Felt not the Simoom pass.6······
They rose, and lo! the Sorcerer lying dead,10·····/˘/˘·

The first 400 of 401 lines; the reader marks them all.

Notes from the edition 14

Southey's own notes to Thalaba the Destroyer (Project Gutenberg #39804).

  1. Stanza 5, line 1 The manner how the Teraphim were made is fondly conceited thus among the Rabbies. They killed a man that was a first born son, and wrung off his head, and seasoned it with salt and spices, and wrote upon a plate of gold the name of an uncleane spirit, and put it under the head upon a wall, and lighted candles before it and worshipped it. Godwyn's Moses and Aaron. In Rabbi Eleazar it is said to be the head of a child.
  2. Stanza 12, line 8 The Devil, whom Mohammed names Eblis, from his dispair, was once one of those Angels who are nearest to God's presence, called Azazil; and fell (according to the doctrine of the Koran) for refusing to pay homage to Adam at the command of God. Koran. Chap. 2. 7. 15. God created the body of Adam of Salsal, that is of dry but unbaked clay; and left it forty nights, or according to others, forty years, lying without a soul; and the Devil came to it, and kicked it, and it sounded. And God breathed into it a soul with his breath, sending it in at his eyes, and he himself saw his nose still dead clay, and the soul running thro him, till it reached his feet, when he stood upright. Maracci. In the Nuremberg Chronicle is a print of the creation of Adam, the body is half made, growing out of a heap of clay under the Creator's hands. A still more absurd print represents Eve half way out of his side.
  3. Stanza 15, line 5 These lines contain the various opinions of the Mohammedans respecting the intermediate state of the Blessed, till the Day of Judgment.
  4. Stanza 20, line 3 Excepting in this line I have avoided all resemblances to the powerful poetry of Lucan. Aspicit astantem projecti corporis umbram, Exanimes artus, invisaque claustra timentem Carceris antiqui, pavet ire in pectus apertum, Visceraque, et ruptas letali vulnere fibras. Ah miser, extremum cui mortis munus iniquae Eripitur, non posse mori! miratur Erichtho Has fatis licuisse moras, irataque morti Verberat immotum vivo serpente cadaver. * * * * * Protinus astrictus caluit cruor, atraque fovit Vulnera, et in venas extremaque membra cucurrit. Percussae gelido trepidant sub pectore fibrae; Et nova desuetis subrepens vita medullis, Miscetur morti, tunc omnis palpitat artus; Tenduntur nervi; nec se tellure cadaver Paulatim per membra levat, terraque repulsum est, Erectumque simul. Distento lumina rictu Nudantur. Nondum facies viventis in illo, Jam morientis erat; remanet pallorque rigorque, Et stupet illatus mundo. Lucan. A curious instance of French taste occurs in this part of Brebeuf's translation. The re-animated corpse is made the corpse of Burrhus, of whose wife Octavia Sextus is enamoured. Octavia hears that her husband has fallen in battle, she seeks his body, but in vain. A light at length leads her to the scene of Erichtho's incantations, and she beholds Burrhus, to all appearance living. The witch humanely allows them time for a long conversation, which is very complimentary on the part of the husband. Brebeuf was a man of genius. The Pharsalia is as well told in his version as it can be in the detestable French heroic couplet, which epigrammatizes every thing. He had courage enough, tho' a Frenchman, to admire Lucan,--and yet could not translate him without introducing a love-story.
  5. Stanza 22, line 3 This was one of the superstitions of the Pagan Arabs forbidden by Mohammed.
  6. Stanza 23, line 2 Some imagine that the crystal is snow turned to ice which has been hardening thirty years, and is turned to a rock by age. Mirror of Stones, by Camillus Leonardus Physician of Pisaro, dedicated to Caesar Borgia. "In the cabinet of the Prince of Monaco among other rarities are two pieces of crystal each larger than both hands clenched together. In the middle of one is about a glass full of water, and in the other is some moss, naturally enclosed there when the crystals congealed. These pieces are very curious. Tavernier. Crystal, precious stones, every stone that has a regular figure, and even flints in small masses and consisting of concentric coats, whether found in the perpendicular fissures of rocks, or elsewhere, are only exudations, or the concreting juices of flint in large masses; they are, therefore, new and spurious productions, the genuine stalactites of flint or of granite. Buffen.
  7. Stanza 30, line 7 With the Arabs either a round skin is laid on the ground for a small company, or large course woollen cloths for a great number spread all over the room, and about ten dishes repeated six or seven times over, laid round at a great feast, and whole sheep and lambs boild and roasted in the middle. When one company has done, another sits round, even to the meanest, till all is consumed. And an Arab Prince will often dine in the street before his door and call to all that pass even beggars, in the usual expression, Bisimillah, that is, in the name of God; who come and sit down and when they have done, give their Hamdellilah, that is, God be praised, for the Arabs who are great levellers, put every body on a footing with them, and it is by such generosity and hospitality that they maintain their interest. Pococke.
  8. Stanza 30, line 12 'Tis the custom of Persia to begin their feasts with fruits and preserves. We spent two hours in eating only those and drinking beer, hydromel and aquavitae. Then was brought up the meat in great silver dishes, they were full of rice of divers colours, and upon that, several sorts of meat boild and roasted, as beef, mutton, tame fowl, wild ducks, fish and other things, all very well ordered and very delicate. The Persians use no knives at table, but the Cooks send up the meat ready cut up into little bits, so that it was no trouble to us to accustome ourselves to their manner of eating. Rice serves them instead of bread. They take a mouthful of it, with the two fore-fingers and the thumb, and so put it into their mouths. Every table had a carver, whom they call Suffret-zi, who takes the meat brought up in the great dishes, to put it into lesser ones, which he fills with 3 or 4 sorts of meat, so as that every dish may serve 2 or at most 3 persons. There was but little drunk till towards the end of the repast, and then the cups went about roundly, and the dinner was concluded with a vessel of porcelane, full of a hot blackish kind of drink, which they call Kahawa. Ambassadors Travels. They laid upon the floor of the Ambassadors room a fine silk cloth, on which there set one and 30 dishes of silver, filled with several sorts of conserves, dry and liquid, and raw fruits, as Melons, Citrons, Quinces, Pears, and some others not known in Europe. Some time after that cloth was taken away that another might be laid in the room of it, and upon this was set rice of all sorts of colours and all sorts of meat boyld and roasted in above fifty dishes of the same metal. Amb. Tra. There is not any thing more ordinary in Persia than rice soaked in water, they call it Plau and eat of it at all their meals, and serve it up in all their dishes. They sometimes put thereto a little of the juice of pomegranates or cherries and saffron, insomuch that commonly you have rice of several colours in the same dish. Amb. Tra.
  9. Stanza 30, line 23 The Tamarind is equally useful and agreable, it has a pulp of a vineous taste, of which a wholesome refreshing liquor is prepared, its shade shelters houses from the torrid heat of the sun, and its fine figure greatly adorns the scenery of the country. Niebuhr.
  10. Stanza 31, line 9 Of pumpkins and melons several sorts grow naturally in the woods, and serve for feeding Camels. But the proper melons are planted in the fields, where a great variety of them is to be found, and in such abundance, that the Arabians of all ranks use them, for some part of the year, as their principal article of food. They afford a very agreeable liquor. When its fruit is nearly ripe, a hole is pierced into the pulp, this hole is then stopped with wax, and the melon left upon the stalk. Within a few days the pulp is in consequence of this process, converted into a delicious liquor. Niebuhr.
  11. Stanza 32, line 10 l'aspect imprevu de tant de Castillans, D'etonnement, d'effroi, peint ses regards brillans; Ses mains du choix des fruits se formant une etude, Demeurent un moment dans la meme attitude. Madame Boccage. La Colombiade.
  12. Stanza 33, line 4 The Arabians divide their day into twenty four hours, and reckon them from one setting sun to another. As very few among them know what a watch is, and as they conceive, but imperfectly the duration of an hour, they usually determine time almost as when we say, it happened about noon, about evening, &c. The moment when the Sun disappears is called Maggrib, about two hours afterwards they call it El ascha; two hours later, El maerfa; midnight Nus el lejl: the dawn of morning El fadsjer: sun rise Es subhh. They eat about nine in the morning, and that meal is called El ghadda; noon El duhhr; three hours after noon El asr. Of all these divisions of time only noon and midnight are well ascertained; they both fall upon the twelfth hour. The others are earlier or later as the days are short or long. The five hours appointed for prayer are Maggrib, Nus el lejl, El fedsjer, Duhhr, and El asr. Niebuhr. Desc. del Arabie.
  13. Stanza 33, line 8 The use of the bath was forbidden the Moriscoes in Spain, as being an anti-christian custom! I recollect no superstition but the Catholic in which nastiness is accounted a virtue; as if, says Jortin, piety and filth were synonimous, and religion like the itch, could he caught by wearing foul cloaths.
  14. Stanza 34, line 7 The effects of the Simoom are instant suffocation to every living creature that happens to be within the sphere of its activity, and immediate putrefaction of the carcases of the dead. The Arabians discern its approach by an unusual redness in the air, and they say that they feel a smell of sulphur as it passes. The only means by which any person can preserve himself from suffering by these noxious blasts, is by throwing himself down with his face upon the earth, till this whirlwind of poisonous exhalations has blown over, which always moves at a certain height in the atmosphere. Instinct even teaches the brutes to incline their heads to the ground on these occasions. Niebuhr. The Arabs of the desert call these winds Semoum or poison, and the Turks Shamyela, or wind of Syria, from which is formed the Samiel. Their heat is sometimes so excessive that it is difficult to form any idea of its violence without having experienced it; but it may be compared to the heat of a large oven at the moment of drawing out the bread. When these winds begin to blow, the atmosphere assumes an alarming aspect. The sky at other times so clear, in this climate, becomes dark and heavy; the sun loses his splendour and appears of a violet colour. The air is not cloudy, but grey and thick, and is in fact filled with an extremely subtile dust, which penetrates every where. This wind, always light and rapid, is not at first remarkably hot, but it increases in heat in proportion as it continues. All animated bodies soon discover it, by the change it produces in them. The lungs which a too rarefied air no longer expands, are contracted and become painful. Respiration is short and difficult, the skin parched and dry, and the body consumed by an internal heat. In vain is recourse had to large draughts of water; nothing can restore perspiration. In vain is coolness sought for; all bodies in which it is usual to find it, deceives the hand that touches them. Marble, iron, water, notwithstanding the sun no longer appears, are hot. The streets are deserted, and the dead silence of night reigns every where. The inhabitants of houses and villages shut themselves up in their houses, and those of the desert in their tents, or in pits they dig in the earth, where they wait the termination of this destructive heat. It usually lasts three days, but if it exceeds that time it becomes insupportable. Woe to the traveller whom this wind surprizes remote from shelter! he must …

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