Prologue to Hellas

Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792–1822) · 1813–1820

iambic pentameter · 188 lines · from Alastor, and Other Poems

It is the day when all the sons of GodWait in the roofless senate-house, whose floorIs Chaos, and the immovable abyssFrozen by His steadfast word to hyaline

The shadow of God, and delegateOf that before whose breath the universeIs as a print of dew.Hierarchs and kingsWho from your thrones pinnacled on the pastSway the reluctant present, ye who sitPavilioned on the radiance or the gloomOf mortal thought, which like an exhalationSteaming from earth, conceals the ... of heavenWhich gave it birth. ... assemble hereBefore your Father's throne; the swift decreeYet hovers, and the fiery incarnationIs yet withheld, clothed in which it shallannulThe fairest of those wandering isles that gemThe sapphire space of interstellar air,That green and azure sphere, that earth enwrappedLess in the beauty of its tender lightThan in an atmosphere of living spiritWhich interpenetrating all the ...it rolls from realm to realmAnd age to age, and in its ebb and flowImpels the generationsTo their appointed place,Whilst the high ArbiterBeholds the strife, and at the appointed timeSends His decrees veiled in eternal...

Within the circuit of this pendent orbThere lies an antique region, on which fellThe dews of thought in the world's golden dawnEarliest and most benign, and from it sprungTemples and cities and immortal formsAnd harmonies of wisdom and of song,And thoughts, and deeds worthy of thoughts so fair.And when the sun of its dominion failed,And when the winter of its glory came,The winds that stripped it bare blew on and sweptThat dew into the utmost wildernessesIn wandering clouds of sunny rain that thawedThe unmaternal bosom of the North.Haste, sons of God, ... for ye beheld,Reluctant, or consenting, or astonished,The stern decrees go forth, which heaped on GreeceRuin and degradation and despair.A fourth now waits: assemble, sons of God,To speed or to prevent or to suspend,If, as ye dream, such power be not withheld,The unaccomplished destiny.

CHORUS:The curtain of the UniverseIs rent and shattered,The splendour-winged worlds disperseLike wild doves scattered.

Space is roofless and bare,And in the midst a cloudy shrine,Dark amid thrones of light.In the blue glow of hyalineGolden worlds revolve and shine.In ... flightFrom every point of the Infinite,Like a thousand dawns on a single nightThe splendours rise and spread;And through thunder and darkness dreadLight and music are radiated,And in their pavilioned chariots ledBy living wings high overheadThe giant Powers move,Gloomy or bright as the thrones they fill.

A chaos of light and motionUpon that glassy ocean.

The senate of the Gods is met,Each in his rank and station set;There is silence in the spaces--Lo! Satan, Christ, and MahometStart from their places!

CHRIST:Almighty Father!Low-kneeling at the feet of Destiny

There are two fountains in which spirits weepWhen mortals err, Discord and Slavery named,And with their bitter dew two DestiniesFilled each their irrevocable urns; the thirdFiercest and mightiest, mingled both, and addedChaos and Death, and slow Oblivion's lymph,And hate and terror, and the poisoned rain

The Aurora of the nations. By this browWhose pores wept tears of blood, by these wide wounds,By this imperial crown of agony,By infamy and solitude and death,For this I underwent, and by the painOf pity for those who would ... for meThe unremembered joy of a revenge,For this I felt--by Plato's sacred light,Of which my spirit was a burning morrow--By Greece and all she cannot cease to be.Her quenchless words, sparks of immortal truth,Stars of all night--her harmonies and forms,Echoes and shadows of what Love adoresIn thee, I do compel thee, send forth Fate,Thy irrevocable child: let her descend,A seraph-winged VictoryIn tempest of the omnipotence of GodWhich sweeps through all things.

From hollow leagues, from Tyranny which armsAdverse miscreeds and emulous anarchiesTo stamp, as on a winged serpent's seed,Upon the name of Freedom; from the stormOf faction, which like earthquake shakes and sickensThe solid heart of enterprise; from allBy which the holiest dreams of highest spiritsAre stars beneath the dawn...She shall ariseVictorious as the world arose from Chaos!And as the Heavens and the Earth arrayedTheir presence in the beauty and the lightOf Thy first smile, O Father,--as they gatherThe spirit of Thy love which paves for themTheir path o'er the abyss, till every sphereShall be one living Spirit,--so shall Greece--

SATAN:Be as all things beneath the empyrean,Mine! Art thou eyeless like old Destiny,Thou mockery-king, crowned with a wreath of thorns?Whose sceptre is a reed, the broken reedWhich pierces thee! whose throne a chair of scorn;For seest thou not beneath this crystal floorThe innumerable worlds of golden lightWhich are my empire, and the least of themwhich thou wouldst redeem from me?Know'st thou not them my portion?Or wouldst rekindle the ... strifeWhich our great Father then did arbitrateWhich he assigned to his competing sonsEach his apportioned realm?Thou Destiny,Thou who art mailed in the omnipotenceOf Him who tends thee forth, whate'er thy task,Speed, spare not to accomplish, and be mineThy trophies, whether Greece again becomeThe fountain in the desert whence the earthShall drink of freedom, which shall give it strengthTo suffer, or a gulf of hollow deathTo swallow all delight, all life, all hope.Go, thou Vicegerent of my will, no lessThan of the Father's; but lest thou shouldst faint,The winged hounds, Famine and Pestilence,Shall wait on thee, the hundred-forked snakeInsatiate Superstition still shall...The earth behind thy steps, and War shall hoverAbove, and Fraud shall gape below, and ChangeShall flit before thee on her dragon wings,Convulsing and consuming, and I addThree vials of the tears which daemons weepWhen virtuous spirits through the gate of DeathPass triumphing over the thorns of life,Sceptres and crowns, mitres and swords and snares,Trampling in scorn, like Him and Socrates.The first is Anarchy; when Power and Pleasure,Glory and science and security,On Freedom hang like fruit on the green tree,Then pour it forth, and men shall gather ashes.The second Tyranny--

CHRIST:Obdurate spirit!Thou seest but the Past in the To-come.Pride is thy error and thy punishment.Boast not thine empire, dream not that thy worldsAre more than furnace-sparks or rainbow-dropsBefore the Power that wields and kindles them.True greatness asks not space, true excellenceLives in the Spirit of all things that live,Which lends it to the worlds thou callest thine.

MAHOMET:...Haste thou and fill the waning crescentWith beams as keen as those which pierced the shadowOf Christian night rolled back upon the West,When the orient moon of Islam rode in triumphFrom Tmolus to the Acroceraunian snow.

Wake, thou WordOf God, and from the throne of DestinyEven to the utmost limit of thy wayMay Triumph

Be thou a curse on them whose creedDivides and multiplies the most high God.

Words in this poem 31
roofless a.
Having no roof; as, a roofless house.
chaos n.
An empty, immeasurable space; a yawning chasm. [L. chaos chaos (in senses 1 & 2), Gr. Chasm.]
hyaline a.
Glassy; resembling glass; consisting of glass; transparent, like crystal. [L. hyalinus, Gr. hyalin.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
interstellar a.
Between or among the stars; as, interstellar space.
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
veiled a.
Covered by, or as by, a veil; hidden.
sunny a.
Of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun; hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.
unaccomplished a.
Not accomplished or performed; unfinished; also, deficient in accomplishment; unrefined.
splendour n.
Great brightness; brilliant luster; brilliancy; as, the splendor ot the sun. B. Jonson. [L. fr. splendere to shine: cf. F. splendeur.]
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
aurora n.
The rising light of the morning; the dawn of day; the redness of the sky just before the sun rises. [L. aurora, for ausosa, akin to Gr. ushas, and E. east.]
quenchless a.
Incapable of being quenched; inextinguishable; as, quenchless fire or fury.
omnipotence n.
The state of being omnipotent; almighty power; hence, one who is omnipotent; the Deity. [L. omnipotentia: cf.F. omnipotence.]
empyrean n.
The highest heaven, where the pure element of fire was supposed by the ancients to subsist. [See Empyreal.]
eyeless a.
Without eyes; blind.
sceptre n.
A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace. [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]
rekindle v. t.
To kindle again.
arbitrate v. t.
To hear and decide, as arbitrators; as, to choose to arbitrate a disputed case. [L. arbitratus, p. p. of arbitrari to be a hearer or beholder of something, to make a decision, to give judgment, fr. arbiter. See Arbiter.]
mailed a.
Protected by an external coat, or covering, of scales or plates.
vicegerent a.
Having or exercising delegated power; acting by substitution, or in the place of another. [Vice, a + gerent: cf. F. vicegérant.]
famine n.
General scarcity of food; dearth; a want of provisions; destitution. [F. famine, fr. L. fames hunger; cf. Gr. hani loss, lack, ha to leave.]
insatiate a.
Insatiable; as, insatiate thirst. [L. insatiatus.]
hover n.
A cover; a shelter; a protection. Carew. C. Kingsley. [Etymol. doubtful.]
flit a.
Nimble; quick; swift. See Fleet.
virtuous a.
Possessing or exhibiting virtue. Specifically: -- (a) Exhibiting manly courage and strength; valorous; valiant; brave. [OE. vertuous, OF. vertuos, vertuous, F. vertueux, fr. L. Virtuous. See Virtue, and cf. Virtuoso.]
triumphing a.
Having or celebrating a triumph; victorious; triumphant.
waning n.
The act or process of waning, or decreasing.
islam n.
The religion of the Mohammedans; Mohammedanism; Islamism. Their formula of faith is: There is no God but Allah, and Mohammed is his prophet. [Ar. islam obedience to the will of God, submission, humbling one's self, resigning one's self to the divine disposal. Cf. Moslem.]
rode n.
Redness; complexion. [See Rud.]
acroceraunian a.
Of or pertaining to the high mountain range of

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Prologue to Hellas is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley — Volume 1, Project Gutenberg ebook #4797; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Percy Bysshe Shelley, Prologue to Hellas, in Alastor, and Other Poems (1813–1820), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #4797, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/shelley-poems/prologue-to-hellas.html, id L00273.

Form and metre

Prologue to Hellas is 188 lines in 16 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 83%). 90% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.0 syllables. 52 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 53% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 2 -------A--BACC---DDB------- delegate · universe · dew · kings · past · sit · gloom · exhalationA · heaven · here · decreeB · incarnationA · shallC · annulC · gem · air · enwrapped · lightD · spiritD · theB · realm · flow · generations · place · arbiter · time · eternal
  2. 3 ------A------B--A--B- orb · fell · dawn · sprung · forms · song · fairA · failed · came · swept · wildernesses · thawed · north · beheldB · astonished · greece · despairA · god · suspend · withheldB · destiny
  3. 4 AABAB chorusA · universeA · shatteredB · disperseA · scatteredB
  4. 5 -AB-ABBBCCCCC-- bare · shrineA · lightB · hyaline · shineA · flightB · infiniteB · nightB · spreadC · dreadC · radiatedC · ledC · overheadC · move · fill
  5. 6 AA motionA · oceanA
  6. 7 AAB-B metA · setA · spacesB · mahomet · placesB
  7. 9 ---AA-- weep · named · destinies · thirdA · addedA · lymph · rain
  8. 10 -----A---A-------- brow · wounds · agony · death · pain · meA · revenge · light · morrow · beA · truth · forms · adores · fate · descend · victory · god · things
  9. 12 -------------------------------------A---A- satan · empyrean · destiny · thorns · reed · scorn · floor · light · them · me · portion · strife · arbitrate · sons · realm · destiny · omnipotence · task · mine · become · earth · strength · death · hope · less · faint · pestilence · snake · shall · hover · change · wings · add · weep · death · life · snares · socratesA · pleasure · security · tree · ashesA · tyranny
  10. 13 --A---A--- christ · spirit · comeA · punishment · worlds · drops · themA · excellence · live · thine
  11. 14 --A--A mahomet · crescent · shadowA · west · triumph · snowA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
It is the day when all the sons of God10··········
Wait in the roofless senate-house, whose floor10···/˘/˘···
Is Chaos, and the immovable abyss10·/˘··˘/˘˘/
Frozen by His steadfast word to hyaline11/˘··/···/˘˘
The shadow of God, and delegate9·/····/˘·
Of that before whose breath the universe10·······/˘·
Is as a print of dew.6······
Hierarchs and kings4····
Who from your thrones pinnacled on the past10····/˘˘···
Sway the reluctant present, ye who sit10··˘/˘/˘···
Pavilioned on the radiance or the gloom10˘/˘··/˘···
Of mortal thought, which like an exhalation11·/˘·····˘/˘
Steaming from earth, conceals the ... of heaven10/˘··˘/··/˘
Which gave it birth. ... assemble here8····˘/˘·
Before your Father's throne; the swift decree10···/˘···˘/
Yet hovers, and the fiery incarnation11·/˘··/˘˘//˘
Is yet withheld, clothed in which it shall10··˘/·˘····
annul2/˘
The fairest of those wandering isles that gem10·/˘··/˘···
The sapphire space of interstellar air,10·/˘···˘/˘·
That green and azure sphere, that earth enwrapped10···/˘·····
Less in the beauty of its tender light10···/˘··/˘·
Than in an atmosphere of living spirit11···/˘··/˘/˘
Which interpenetrating all the ...9·········
it rolls from realm to realm6······
And age to age, and in its ebb and flow10··········
Impels the generations7˘/··˘/˘
To their appointed place,6··˘/˘·
Whilst the high Arbiter6···/˘˘
Beholds the strife, and at the appointed time11˘/·····˘/˘·
Sends His decrees veiled in eternal...10··˘/·˘·˘/˘
Within the circuit of this pendent orb10···/˘··/˘·
There lies an antique region, on which fell10···˘//˘···
The dews of thought in the world's golden dawn10·······/˘·
Earliest and most benign, and from it sprung10/˘··˘/····
Temples and cities and immortal forms10/˘·/˘·˘/˘·
And harmonies of wisdom and of song,10·/˘˘·/˘···
And thoughts, and deeds worthy of thoughts so fair.10····/˘····
And when the sun of its dominion failed,10······˘/˘·
And when the winter of its glory came,10···/˘··/˘·
The winds that stripped it bare blew on and swept10··········
That dew into the utmost wildernesses11·····/·/˘˘˘
In wandering clouds of sunny rain that thawed10·/˘··/˘···
The unmaternal bosom of the North.10·····/˘···
Haste, sons of God, ... for ye beheld,8······˘/
Reluctant, or consenting, or astonished,11˘/˘·˘/˘·˘/˘
The stern decrees go forth, which heaped on Greece10··˘/······
Ruin and degradation and despair.10/˘··˘/˘·˘/
A fourth now waits: assemble, sons of God,10····˘/˘···
To speed or to prevent or to suspend,10····˘/··˘/
If, as ye dream, such power be not withheld,10·····/··˘/
The unaccomplished destiny.9·····˘/˘˘
CHORUS:2/˘
The curtain of the Universe8·/˘··/˘·
Is rent and shattered,5···/˘
The splendour-winged worlds disperse7·/˘··˘/
Like wild doves scattered.5···/˘
Space is roofless and bare,6··/˘··
And in the midst a cloudy shrine,8·····/˘·
Dark amid thrones of light.6·˘/···
In the blue glow of hyaline8·····/˘˘
Golden worlds revolve and shine.7/˘·˘/··
In ... flight2··
From every point of the Infinite,10·/˘˘···/˘˘
Like a thousand dawns on a single night10··/˘···/˘·
The splendours rise and spread;6·/˘···
And through thunder and darkness dread8··/˘·/˘·
Light and music are radiated,9··/˘·/˘·˘
And in their pavilioned chariots led10···˘/˘/˘˘·
By living wings high overhead8·/˘··/˘/
The giant Powers move,6·/˘/˘·
Gloomy or bright as the thrones they fill.9/˘·······
A chaos of light and motion8·/˘···/˘
Upon that glassy ocean.7···/˘/˘
The senate of the Gods is met,8·/˘·····
Each in his rank and station set;8·····/˘·
There is silence in the spaces--8··/˘··/˘
Lo! Satan, Christ, and Mahomet8·/˘·····
Start from their places!5···/˘
CHRIST:1·
Almighty Father!5˘/˘/˘
Low-kneeling at the feet of Destiny10·/˘····/˘˘
There are two fountains in which spirits weep10···/˘··/˘·
When mortals err, Discord and Slavery named,10·/˘·/˘·/˘·
And with their bitter dew two Destinies10···/˘··/˘˘
Filled each their irrevocable urns; the third10···˘/˘˘···
Fiercest and mightiest, mingled both, and added11/˘·/˘/˘··/˘
Chaos and Death, and slow Oblivion's lymph,10/˘····˘/˘·
And hate and terror, and the poisoned rain10···/˘··/˘·
The Aurora of the nations. By this brow11······/˘···
Whose pores wept tears of blood, by these wide wounds,10··········
By this imperial crown of agony,11··˘/˘˘··/˘˘
By infamy and solitude and death,10·/˘˘·/˘···
For this I underwent, and by the pain10····˘/····
Of pity for those who would ... for me9·/˘······
The unremembered joy of a revenge,10········˘/
For this I felt--by Plato's sacred light,10·····/˘/˘·
Of which my spirit was a burning morrow--11···/˘··/˘/˘
By Greece and all she cannot cease to be.10·····/˘···
Her quenchless words, sparks of immortal truth,10·/˘···˘/˘·
Stars of all night--her harmonies and forms,10·····/˘˘··
Echoes and shadows of what Love adores10/˘·/····˘/
In thee, I do compel thee, send forth Fate,10····˘/····
Thy irrevocable child: let her descend,10·˘/˘˘···˘/
A seraph-winged Victory7·/˘·/˘˘
In tempest of the omnipotence of God10·/˘··˘/˘··
Which sweeps through all things.5·····
From hollow leagues, from Tyranny which arms10·/˘··/˘˘··
Adverse miscreeds and emulous anarchies11˘/···/˘˘/˘˘
To stamp, as on a winged serpent's seed,10······˘/˘·
Upon the name of Freedom; from the storm10·····/˘···
Of faction, which like earthquake shakes and sickens11·/˘··/···/˘
The solid heart of enterprise; from all10·/˘··/˘···
By which the holiest dreams of highest spirits11···/˘··/˘/˘
Are stars beneath the dawn...6······
She shall arise4··˘/
Victorious as the world arose from Chaos!11˘/˘···˘/·/˘
And as the Heavens and the Earth arrayed10···/˘···˘/
Their presence in the beauty and the light10·/˘··/˘···
Of Thy first smile, O Father,--as they gather11·····/˘··/˘
The spirit of Thy love which paves for them10·/˘·······
Their path o'er the abyss, till every sphere10····˘/·/˘·
Shall be one living Spirit,--so shall Greece--10···/˘/˘···
SATAN:2/˘
Be as all things beneath the empyrean,10··········
Mine! Art thou eyeless like old Destiny,10···/˘··/˘˘
Thou mockery-king, crowned with a wreath of thorns?10·/˘·······
Whose sceptre is a reed, the broken reed10·/˘····/˘·
Which pierces thee! whose throne a chair of scorn;10·/˘·······
For seest thou not beneath this crystal floor10·······/˘·
The innumerable worlds of golden light10·˘/˘˘··/˘·
Which are my empire, and the least of them10···/˘·····
which thou wouldst redeem from me?7···˘/··
Know'st thou not them my portion?7·····/˘
Or wouldst rekindle the ... strife7··˘/˘··
Which our great Father then did arbitrate10·/·/˘··/˘·
Which he assigned to his competing sons10··˘/··˘/˘·
Each his apportioned realm?6··˘/˘·
Thou Destiny,4·/˘˘
Thou who art mailed in the omnipotence10······˘/˘˘
Of Him who tends thee forth, whate'er thy task,11······˘˘/··
Speed, spare not to accomplish, and be mine10····˘/˘···
Thy trophies, whether Greece again become10·/˘···˘/˘/
The fountain in the desert whence the earth10·/˘··/˘···
Shall drink of freedom, which shall give it strength10···/˘·····
To suffer, or a gulf of hollow death10·/˘····/˘·
To swallow all delight, all life, all hope.10·/˘·˘/····
Go, thou Vicegerent of my will, no less10··˘/˘·····
Than of the Father's; but lest thou shouldst faint,10···/˘·····
The winged hounds, Famine and Pestilence,10··˘·/˘·/˘˘
Shall wait on thee, the hundred-forked snake10·····/˘˘··
Insatiate Superstition still shall...10˘/˘˘·˘/˘··
The earth behind thy steps, and War shall hover11·········/˘
Above, and Fraud shall gape below, and Change10··········
Shall flit before thee on her dragon wings,10·······/˘·
Convulsing and consuming, and I add10····˘/˘···
Three vials of the tears which daemons weep10·/˘····/˘·
When virtuous spirits through the gate of Death10·/˘/˘·····
Pass triumphing over the thorns of life,10·/˘˘······
Sceptres and crowns, mitres and swords and snares,10/˘··/˘····
Trampling in scorn, like Him and Socrates.10/˘·····/˘·
The first is Anarchy; when Power and Pleasure,11···/˘˘·/·/˘
Glory and science and security,10/˘·/˘·˘/˘˘
On Freedom hang like fruit on the green tree,10·/˘·······
Then pour it forth, and men shall gather ashes.11·······/˘/˘
The second Tyranny--6·/˘/˘˘
CHRIST:1·
Obdurate spirit!5/˘˘/˘
Thou seest but the Past in the To-come.9·········
Pride is thy error and thy punishment.10···/˘··/˘˘
Boast not thine empire, dream not that thy worlds10···/˘·····
Are more than furnace-sparks or rainbow-drops10···/˘··/··
Before the Power that wields and kindles them.10···/···/˘·
True greatness asks not space, true excellence10·/˘····/˘˘
Lives in the Spirit of all things that live,10···/˘·····
Which lends it to the worlds thou callest thine.10·······/˘·
MAHOMET:3···
...Haste thou and fill the waning crescent9·····/˘/˘
With beams as keen as those which pierced the shadow11·········/·
Of Christian night rolled back upon the West,10·/˘·······
When the orient moon of Islam rode in triumph13··/˘···˘/··/˘
From Tmolus to the Acroceraunian snow.11···········
Wake, thou Word3···
Of God, and from the throne of Destiny10·······/˘˘
Even to the utmost limit of thy way10/··/·/˘···
May Triumph3·/˘
Be thou a curse on them whose creed8········
Divides and multiplies the most high God.10˘/·/˘·····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Percy Bysshe Shelley