Sonnet XLIX

William Shakespeare (1564–1616) · 1609

iambic pentameter · English sonnet · 14 lines · from The Sonnets

Against that time, if ever that time come,When I shall see thee frown on my defects,When as thy love hath cast his utmost sum,Call’d to that audit by advis’d respects;Against that time when thou shalt strangely pass,And scarcely greet me with that sun, thine eye,When love, converted from the thing it was,Shall reasons find of settled gravity;Against that time do I ensconce me here,Within the knowledge of mine own desert,And this my hand, against my self uprear,To guard the lawful reasons on thy part:To leave poor me thou hast the strength of laws,Since why to love I can allege no cause.

Words in this poem

shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
audit n.
An audience; a hearing. [L. auditus a hearing, fr. audire. See Audible, a.]
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.
strangely adv.
As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to something foreign and strange.
ensconce v. t.
To cover or shelter, as with a sconce or fort; to place or hide securely; to conceal.
uprear v. t.
To raise; to erect.
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Sonnet XLIX is in the public domain. This text is taken from Shakespeare's Sonnets, Project Gutenberg ebook #1041; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: William Shakespeare, Sonnet XLIX, in The Sonnets (1609), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1041, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/shakespeare-sonnets/sonnet-49.html, id L00067.

Form and metre

Sonnet XLIX is 14 lines in a single stanza. It rhymes ABABCDCDEFEFGG, the pattern of the English sonnet. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 99% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending.

See other English sonnets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABCDCDEFEFGG comeA · defectsB · sumA · respectsB · passC · eyeD · wasC · gravityD · hereE · desertF · uprearE · partF · lawsG · causeG
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Against that time, if ever that time come,10·····/˘···
When I shall see thee frown on my defects,10········/˘
When as thy love hath cast his utmost sum,10·······/··
Call’d to that audit by advis’d respects;10···/˘·˘/˘/
Against that time when thou shalt strangely pass,10·······/˘·
And scarcely greet me with that sun, thine eye,10·/˘·······
When love, converted from the thing it was,10··˘/˘·····
Shall reasons find of settled gravity;10·/˘··/˘/˘˘
Against that time do I ensconce me here,10······˘/··
Within the knowledge of mine own desert,10···/˘···˘/
And this my hand, against my self uprear,10········˘/
To guard the lawful reasons on thy part:10···/˘/˘···
To leave poor me thou hast the strength of laws,10··········
Since why to love I can allege no cause.10······˘/··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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