Chapter IV: Story of Jesus—on Him be safety!—and the Pharisee

Saadi (1210–1291), translated by G. S. Davie · 1882

anapaestic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 96 lines · from The Garden of Fragrance

I have heard the narrators of history tell,That when Jesus was living (may peace on Him dwell),A person had wasted his life in vile ways,And in folly and error had squandered his days.He was froward and sinful, for heartlessness famed:At his vileness, the Devil himself was ashamed!He had brought, without profit, his days to a close ;As long as he lived, not a soul had repose.His head, void of wisdom, was full of conceit,And his stomach was stuffed with prohibited meat.His skirt was polluted by practices vile,And his household was crusted with deeds that defile.Not a footing had he, like beholders upright;Not an ear, like the men who hear truths with delight.As from famine, the people away from him fly;All pointing, as at the new moon in the sky.Foul lust had so set all his harvest on fire,That a grain of good name he had failed to acquire.He was vile, and so freely had pleasure's cup drained,That for writing, no place in his record remained.A sinner self-willed and adoring lust's sight ;In negligence stupid and drunk day and night.Jesus Christ, I have heard, from the wilderness came,And passed by the hut of a hermit of fame.The hermit came down from his room at the sound,And fell at his feet, with his head on the ground.The sinner, ill-starred, from afar saw the sight ;Like the moth, he was greatly amazed at their light.Ashamed and reflecting, because of regret;Like a pauper in front of a wealthy man set;Asking. pardon, abashed, in words fervent and low,For the nights of neglect into day-light let go.Tears of grief as from clouds showered down from his eyes ;"Ah ! my life in neglect has been wasted," he cries ;"The coin of dear life, to the wind I have thrown,And have brought not one atom of goodness my own.May no person be able to live, such as I;Than like me to be living, 'twere better to die!He was saved who in infancy passed to the dead,For to manhood he bore not a shame-laden head.Oh, Creator of Earth ! from my sins set me free ;For I'm badly allied if they travel with me !"In this corner, lamenting, the sinful old man—Crying, " Aid my sad plight ! for, oh helper, you can !"—Was standing, ashamed, with his head bent before,While over his bosom repentant tears pour.And the worshipper there, with his head full of pride,From afar, at the profligate frowning, thus cried :"Why does this apostate our footsteps pursue?What kindred has this ruined wretch with us two?One worthy to fall headlong down into fire,Having yielded his life up to lustful desire.From his foul skirted spirit, what goodness has come,That with the Messiah and me, he should chum?It were well, had he carried his troubles off, first,And followed to hell all his actions accursed!I grieve, on account of his villainous face,Lest the fire of his guilt should in me find a place.When the meeting is called, on the Last Judgment Day,Do not raise me, oh God! with this creature I pray!"Thus speaking, a voice from the glorious GodCame to Jesus (on Whom be all blessings bestowed!) :"If that one is learned, and, if ignorant this,The petitions of both have not reached Me amiss.He who wrecked all his prospects and ruined his days,With weeping and fervour to Me humbly prays.Whoever in humbleness seeks for My face,I will not expel from the threshold of grace.I have pardoned the horrible sins he has wrought;By My favour, to Paradise will he be brought.And should the ' Adorer of Worship feel shameLest he should in Paradise fellowship claim,Say, ' Blush not for him, at the Last Judgment Morn,For they'll bear him to Heav'n and to Hell you'll be borne!That one's liver turned blood through his burning and grief,If the other relied on himself for relief.He was not aware that at God's justice seat,Humility's better than pride and conceit."For the man, whose clothes clean and soul filthy, you see,The gate of hell-fire has no need for a key.At this threshold, infirmness and scantness of pelf,Are better than worship and fondness of self.When you count yourself one of the good, you are bad ;Conceit, in divinity never was clad !If manly, don't boast of your manliness here !The ball is not captured by each cavalier.That mean one appeared, like an onion, all skin,Who thought he had brains, like a pista, within.This sort of devotion's a profitless thing ;Go, and pleas for defects in your worshipping, bring !No fruit for his worship that fool ever had,Who was good before God and with people was bad.Speech exists as a monument over the wise ;From Sadi one word in your memory prize !"A sinner who thinks about God, now and then,Excels the adorer, devout before men."

Words in this poem 27
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
crusted a.
Incrusted; covered with, or containing, crust; as, old, crusted port wine.
famine n.
General scarcity of food; dearth; a want of provisions; destitution. [F. famine, fr. L. fames hunger; cf. Gr. hani loss, lack, ha to leave.]
lust v. i.
To list; to like. [AS. lystan. See Lust, n., and cf. List to choose.]
sinner n.
One who has sinned; especially, one who has sinned without repenting; hence, a persistent and incorrigible transgressor; one condemned by the law of God.
afar adv.
At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
pauper n.
A poor person; especially, one development on private or public charity. Also used adjectively; as, pouper immigrants, pouper labor. [L. See Poor.]
fervent a.
Hot; glowing; boiling; burning; as, a fervent summer. [F. fervent, L. fervens, -entis. p.pr. of fervere o the boiling hot, to boil, glow.]
plight v. t.
To weave; to braid; to fold; to plait. [OE. pliten; probably through Old French, fr. LL. plectare, L. plectere. See Plait, Ply.]
repentant a.
Penitent; sorry for sin. [F. repentant.]
chum n.
A roommate, especially in a college or university; an old and intimate friend. [Perh. a contraction fr. comrade or chamber fellow: cf. also AS. cuma a comer, guest.]
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
fervour n.
Heat; excessive warmth. [OF. fervor, fervour, F. ferveur, L. fervor, fr. fervere. See Fervent.]
humbly adv.
With humility; lowly.
whoever pron.
Whatever person; any person who; be or she who; any one who; as, he shall be punished, whoever he may be.
humbleness n.
The quality of being humble; humility; meekness.
favour n.
Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition; kindness; good will. [Written also favour.]
adorer n.
One who adores; a worshiper; one who admires or loves greatly; an ardent admirer.
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
infirmness n.
Infirmity; feebleness. Boyle.
scantness n.
The quality or condition of being scant; narrowness; smallness; insufficiency; scantiness.
pelf n.
Money; riches; lucre; gain; -- generally conveying the idea of something ill-gotten or worthless. It has no plural. [OE. pelfir booty, OF. pelfre, akin to pelfrer to plunder, and perh. to E. pillage. Cf. Pilfer.]
fondness n.
The quality or state of being fond; foolishness.
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
manliness n.
The quality or state of being manly.
cavalier n.
A military man serving on horseback; a knight. [F. cavalier, It. cavaliere, LL. caballarius, fr. L. caballus. See Cavalcade, and cf. Cavallier, Caballine.]
profitless a.
Without profit; unprofitable.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Chapter IV: Story of Jesus—on Him be safety!—and the Pharisee is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Garden of Fragrance: being a complete translation of the Bostan of Sadi from the original Persian into English verse, by G. S. Davie (London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Co., 1882), Internet Archive, the G. S. Davie translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Saadi, Chapter IV: Story of Jesus—on Him be safety!—and the Pharisee, in The Garden of Fragrance (1882), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/saadi-bostan/4-6.html, id L29627.

Form and metre

Chapter IV: Story of Jesus—on Him be safety!—and the Pharisee is 96 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets. The metre is anapaestic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 93%).

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in anapaestic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabbccddeeffgghhiijjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvv tellA · dwellA · waysB · daysB · famedC · ashamedC · closeD · reposeD · conceitE · meatE · vileF · defileF · uprightG · delightG · flyH · skyH · fireI · acquireI · drainedJ · remainedJ · sightK · nightK · cameL · fameL · soundM · groundM · sightN · lightN · regretO · setO · lowP · goP · eyesQ · criesQ · thrownR · ownR · iS · dieS · deadT · headT · freeU · meU · manV · canV · beforeW · pourW · prideX · criedX · pursueY · twoY · fireZ · desireZ · comea · chuma · firstb · accursedb · facec · placec · dayd · prayd · gode · bestowede · thisf · amissf · daysg · praysg · faceh · graceh · wroughti · broughti · shamej · claimj · mornk · bornek · griefl · reliefl · seatm · conceitm · seen · keyn · pelfo · selfo · badp · cladp · hereq · cavalierq · skinr · withinr · things · brings · hadt · badt · wiseu · prizeu · thenv · menv
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against anapaestic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I have heard the narrators of history tell,12····/·˘·/˘˘·
That when Jesus was living (may peace on Him dwell),12··/˘·/˘·····
A person had wasted his life in vile ways,11·/˘·/˘·····
And in folly and error had squandered his days.12··/˘·/˘·/˘··
He was froward and sinful, for heartlessness famed:12··/˘·/˘·····
At his vileness, the Devil himself was ashamed!12······/˘/·˘/
He had brought, without profit, his days to a close ;12·····/˘·····
As long as he lived, not a soul had repose.12·····˘····˘/
His head, void of wisdom, was full of conceit,11····/˘···˘/
And his stomach was stuffed with prohibited meat.12··/˘···˘/˘˘·
His skirt was polluted by practices vile,11···˘/˘·/˘˘·
And his household was crusted with deeds that defile.12··/··/˘···˘/
Not a footing had he, like beholders upright;12··/˘···˘/˘/·
Not an ear, like the men who hear truths with delight.12··········˘/
As from famine, the people away from him fly;12··/˘·/˘˘/···
All pointing, as at the new moon in the sky.11·/˘········
Foul lust had so set all his harvest on fire,12·······/˘·/˘
That a grain of good name he had failed to acquire.13··········˘/˘
He was vile, and so freely had pleasure's cup drained,12·····/˘·/˘··
That for writing, no place in his record remained.12··/˘····˘/˘/
A sinner self-willed and adoring lust's sight ;12·/˘··˘·˘/˘··
In negligence stupid and drunk day and night.11·/˘˘/˘·····
Jesus Christ, I have heard, from the wilderness came,12/˘······/˘˘·
And passed by the hut of a hermit of fame.12··˘·····/˘··
The hermit came down from his room at the sound,11·/˘········
And fell at his feet, with his head on the ground.11···········
The sinner, ill-starred, from afar saw the sight ;12·/˘··˘·˘/···
Like the moth, he was greatly amazed at their light.12·····/˘˘/···
Ashamed and reflecting, because of regret;12˘/˘·˘/˘···˘/
Like a pauper in front of a wealthy man set;12··/˘····/˘··
Asking. pardon, abashed, in words fervent and low,12/˘/˘˘/··/˘··
For the nights of neglect into day-light let go.12····˘/······
Tears of grief as from clouds showered down from his eyes ;12······/˘····
"Ah ! my life in neglect has been wasted," he cries ;12····˘/··/˘··
"The coin of dear life, to the wind I have thrown,11···········
And have brought not one atom of goodness my own.12·····/˘·/˘··
May no person be able to live, such as I;12··/˘·/˘·····
Than like me to be living, 'twere better to die!12·····/˘·/˘··
He was saved who in infancy passed to the dead,12·····/˘˘····
For to manhood he bore not a shame-laden head.12··/······/˘·
Oh, Creator of Earth ! from my sins set me free ;12·˘/˘········
For I'm badly allied if they travel with me !"12··/˘/···/˘··
In this corner, lamenting, the sinful old man—12··/˘˘/˘·/˘··
Crying, " Aid my sad plight ! for, oh helper, you can !"—12/˘······/˘··
Was standing, ashamed, with his head bent before,12·/˘˘/˘······
While over his bosom repentant tears pour.11····/˘˘/˘··
And the worshipper there, with his head full of pride,12············
From afar, at the profligate frowning, thus cried :12·˘/··/˘·/˘··
"Why does this apostate our footsteps pursue?12···˘/˘/˘/·˘/
What kindred has this ruined wretch with us two?12·/˘˘··/˘····
One worthy to fall headlong down into fire,12·/˘··/····/˘
Having yielded his life up to lustful desire.13/˘/˘····/˘˘/˘
From his foul skirted spirit, what goodness has come,12···/˘/˘·/˘··
That with the Messiah and me, he should chum?11···˘/˘·····
It were well, had he carried his troubles off, first,12·····/˘·/˘··
And followed to hell all his actions accursed!12·/˘˘····/˘··
I grieve, on account of his villainous face,11···˘/··/˘˘·
Lest the fire of his guilt should in me find a place.12··/·········
When the meeting is called, on the Last Judgment Day,12··/˘·····/˘·
Do not raise me, oh God! with this creature I pray!"12········/˘··
Thus speaking, a voice from the glorious God11·/˘····/˘˘·
Came to Jesus (on Whom be all blessings bestowed!) :12··/˘····/˘˘/
"If that one is learned, and, if ignorant this,12·····˘··/˘˘·
The petitions of both have not reached Me amiss.12·˘/˘······˘/
He who wrecked all his prospects and ruined his days,12·····/˘·/˘··
With weeping and fervour to Me humbly prays.11·/˘·/˘··/˘·
Whoever in humbleness seeks for My face,11˘/˘·/˘˘····
I will not expel from the threshold of grace.11···˘/··/···
I have pardoned the horrible sins he has wrought;12··/˘·/˘˘····
By My favour, to Paradise will he be brought.12··/˘·/˘·····
And should the ' Adorer of Worship feel shame11···˘/˘·/˘··
Lest he should in Paradise fellowship claim,11····/˘·/˘··
Say, ' Blush not for him, at the Last Judgment Morn,11········/˘·
For they'll bear him to Heav'n and to Hell you'll be borne!12············
That one's liver turned blood through his burning and grief,12··/˘····/˘··
If the other relied on himself for relief.12··/˘˘/·˘/·˘/
He was not aware that at God's justice seat,11···˘/···/˘·
Humility's better than pride and conceit."11˘/˘˘/˘···˘/
For the man, whose clothes clean and soul filthy, you see,12········/˘··
The gate of hell-fire has no need for a key.12····/˘······
At this threshold, infirmness and scantness of pelf,12··/·˘/˘·/˘··
Are better than worship and fondness of self.11·/˘·/˘·/˘··
When you count yourself one of the good, you are bad ;12···˘/·······
Conceit, in divinity never was clad !11˘/·˘/˘˘/˘··
If manly, don't boast of your manliness here !11·/˘····/˘˘·
The ball is not captured by each cavalier.12····/˘˘···˘/
That mean one appeared, like an onion, all skin,12···˘/˘··/˘··
Who thought he had brains, like a pista, within.11···········
This sort of devotion's a profitless thing ;11···˘/˘·/˘˘·
Go, and pleas for defects in your worshipping, bring !12····/˘··/˘˘·
No fruit for his worship that fool ever had,11····/˘··/˘·
Who was good before God and with people was bad.12········/˘··
Speech exists as a monument over the wise ;12·˘/··/˘˘····
From Sadi one word in your memory prize !11·······/˘˘·
"A sinner who thinks about God, now and then,11·/˘········
Excels the adorer, devout before men."11˘/·˘/˘˘/···

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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