Esop and the Will

Phaedrus · 1765

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 78 lines · from The Fables of Phaedrus

That one man sometimes is more shrewdThan a stupendous multitude,To after-times I shall rehearseIn my concise familiar verse.A certain man on his decease,Left his three girls so much a-piece:The first was beautiful and frail,With eyes still hunting for the male;The second giv'n to spin and card,A country housewife working hard;The third but very ill to pass,A homely slut, that loved her glass.The dying man had left his wifeExecutrix, and for her lifeSole tenant, if she should fulfilThese strange provisos of his will:"That she should give th' estate in feeIn equal portions to the three;But in such sort, that this bequestShould not be holden or possess'd;Then soon as they should be bereav'nOf all the substance that was giv'n,They must for their good mother's easeMake up an hundred sesterces."This spread through Athens in a trice;The prudent widow takes advice.But not a lawyer could unfoldHow they should neither have nor holdThe very things that they were left.Besides, when once they were bereft,How they from nothing should conferThe money that was due to her.When a long time was spent in vain,And no one could the will explain,She left the counsellors unfeed,And thus of her own self decreed:The minstrels, trinkets, plate, and dress,She gave the Lady to possess.Then Mrs. Notable she stocksWith all the fields, the kine and flocks:The workmen, farm, with a supplyOf all the tools of husbandry.Last, to the Guzzler she consignsThe cellar stored with good old wines,A handsome house to see a friend,With pleasant gardens at the end.Thus as she strove th' affair to close,By giving each the things they chose,And those that knew them every oneHighly applauded what was doneEsop arose, and thus address'dThe crowd that to his presence press'd:"O that the dead could yet perceive!How would the prudent father grieve,That all th' Athenians had not skillEnough to understand his will!"Then at their joint request he solvedThat error, which had all involved."The gardens, house, and wine vaults too,Give to the spinster as her due;The clothes, the jewels, and such ware,Be all the tippling lady's share;The fields, the barns, and flocks of sheep,Give the gay courtesan to keep.Not one will bear the very touchOf things that thwart their tastes so much;The slut to fill her cellar straightHer wardrobe will evacuate;The lady soon will sell her farms,For garments to set off her charms;But she that loves the flocks and kineWill alienate her stores of wine,Her rustic genius to employ.Thus none their portions shall enjoy,And from the money each has madeTheir mother shall be duly paid."Thus one man by his wit disclosedThe point that had so many posed.

Words in this poem

shrewd a.
Inclining to shrew; disposing to curse or scold; hence, vicious; malicious; evil; wicked; mischievous; vexatious; rough; unfair; shrewish. [Originally the p. p. of shrew, v.t.]
stupendous a.
Astonishing; wonderful; amazing; especially, astonishing in magnitude or elevation; as, a stupendous pile. [L. stupendus astonishing, p. future pass. of stupere to be astonished at. Cf. Stupid.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
homely a.
Belonging to, or having the characteristics of, home; domestic; familiar; intimate. [From Home, n.]
executrix n.
A woman exercising the functions of an executor. [LL.]
trice v. t.
To pull; to haul; to drag; to pull away. [OE. trisen; of Scand. or Low German origin; cf. Sw. trissa a sheave, pulley, triss a spritsail brace, Dan. tridse a pulley, tridse to haul by means of a pulley,]
guzzler n.
An immoderate drinker.
spinster n.
A woman who spins, or whose occupation is to spin. [Spin + -ster.]
courtesan n.
A woman who prostitutes herself for hire; a prostitute; a harlot. [F. courtisane, fr. courtisan courtier, It. cortigiano; or directly fr. It. cortigiana, or Sp. cortesana. See Court.]
wardrobe n.
A room or apartment where clothes are kept, or wearing apparel is stored; a portable closet for hanging up clothes. [OE. warderobe, OF. warderobe, F. garderobe; of German origin. See Ward, v. t., and Robe.]
evacuate v. i.
To let blood Burton.
posed a.
Firm; determined; fixed.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Esop and the Will is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Fables of Phædrus Literally translated into English prose with notes, Project Gutenberg ebook #25512; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Phaedrus, Esop and the Will, in The Fables of Phaedrus (1765), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #25512, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/phaedrus-fables/esop-and-the-will.html, id L21296.

Form and metre

Esop and the Will is 78 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 87% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%).

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEEFFGG--HHII----JJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQ--RRSS--TTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabbccddeeffgghh shrewdA · multitudeA · rehearseB · verseB · deceaseC · pieceC · frailD · maleD · cardE · hardE · passF · glassF · wifeG · lifeG · fulfil · will · feeH · threeH · bequestI · possess'dI · bereav'n · giv'n · ease · sesterces · triceJ · adviceJ · unfoldK · holdK · leftL · bereftL · conferM · herM · vainN · explainN · unfeedO · decreedO · dressP · possessP · stocksQ · flocksQ · supply · husbandry · consignsR · winesR · friendS · endS · close · chose · oneT · doneT · address'dU · press'dU · perceiveV · grieveV · skillW · willW · solvedX · involvedX · tooY · dueY · wareZ · shareZ · sheepa · keepa · touchb · muchb · straightc · evacuatec · farmsd · charmsd · kinee · winee · employf · enjoyf · madeg · paidg · disclosedh · posedh
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
That one man sometimes is more shrewd8···˘/···
Than a stupendous multitude,8··˘/˘/˘·
To after-times I shall rehearse8······˘/
In my concise familiar verse.8··˘/˘/˘·
A certain man on his decease,8·/˘···˘/
Left his three girls so much a-piece:8········
The first was beautiful and frail,8···/˘˘··
With eyes still hunting for the male;8···/˘···
The second giv'n to spin and card,8·/˘·····
A country housewife working hard;8·/˘/·/˘·
The third but very ill to pass,8···/˘···
A homely slut, that loved her glass.8·/˘·····
The dying man had left his wife8·/˘·····
Executrix, and for her life8˘/˘˘····
Sole tenant, if she should fulfil8·/˘·····
These strange provisos of his will:8··˘/˘···
"That she should give th' estate in fee8····˘/··
In equal portions to the three;8·/˘/˘···
But in such sort, that this bequest8······˘/
Should not be holden or possess'd;8···/˘·˘/
Then soon as they should be bereav'n8········
Of all the substance that was giv'n,8···/˘···
They must for their good mother's ease8·····/˘·
Make up an hundred sesterces."8···/˘···
This spread through Athens in a trice;8···/˘···
The prudent widow takes advice.8·/˘/˘·˘/
But not a lawyer could unfold8···/˘·˘/
How they should neither have nor hold8···/˘···
The very things that they were left.8·/˘·····
Besides, when once they were bereft,8˘/····˘/
How they from nothing should confer8···/˘·˘/
The money that was due to her.8·/˘·····
When a long time was spent in vain,8········
And no one could the will explain,8······˘/
She left the counsellors unfeed,7···/˘˘·
And thus of her own self decreed:8······˘/
The minstrels, trinkets, plate, and dress,8·/˘/˘···
She gave the Lady to possess.8···/˘·˘/
Then Mrs. Notable she stocks8·/˘/˘˘··
With all the fields, the kine and flocks:8········
The workmen, farm, with a supply8·/˘···˘/
Of all the tools of husbandry.8·····/˘˘
Last, to the Guzzler she consigns8···/˘·˘/
The cellar stored with good old wines,8·/˘·····
A handsome house to see a friend,8·/˘·····
With pleasant gardens at the end.8·/˘/˘···
Thus as she strove th' affair to close,8····˘/··
By giving each the things they chose,8·/˘·····
And those that knew them every one8·····/˘·
Highly applauded what was done8/˘˘/˘···
Esop arose, and thus address'd8··˘/··˘/
The crowd that to his presence press'd:8·····/˘·
"O that the dead could yet perceive!8······˘/
How would the prudent father grieve,8···/˘/˘·
That all th' Athenians had not skill8··˘/˘···
Enough to understand his will!"8˘/··˘/··
Then at their joint request he solved8····˘/··
That error, which had all involved.8·/˘···˘/
"The gardens, house, and wine vaults too,8·/˘·····
Give to the spinster as her due;8···/˘···
The clothes, the jewels, and such ware,8···/˘···
Be all the tippling lady's share;8···/˘/˘·
The fields, the barns, and flocks of sheep,8········
Give the gay courtesan to keep.8···/˘˘··
Not one will bear the very touch8·····/˘·
Of things that thwart their tastes so much;8········
The slut to fill her cellar straight8·····/˘·
Her wardrobe will evacuate;8·/··˘/˘·
The lady soon will sell her farms,8·/˘·····
For garments to set off her charms;8·/˘·····
But she that loves the flocks and kine8········
Will alienate her stores of wine,8·/˘·····
Her rustic genius to employ.8·/˘/˘·˘/
Thus none their portions shall enjoy,8···/˘·˘/
And from the money each has made8···/˘···
Their mother shall be duly paid."8·/˘··/˘·
Thus one man by his wit disclosed8······˘/
The point that had so many posed.8·····/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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