In Praise of Laura's Eyes: The Difficulty of His Theme

Petrarch (1304–1374), translated by various hands · 1859

iambic pentameter · 108 lines · from The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems

Since human life is frail,And genius trembles at the lofty theme,I little confidence in either place;But let my tender wailThere, where it ought, deserved attention claim,That wail which e'en in silence we may trace.O beauteous eyes, where Love doth nestling stay!To you I turn my insufficient lay,Unapt to flow; but passion's goad I feel:And he of you who singsSuch courteous habit by the strain is taught,That, borne on amorous wings,He soars above the reach of vulgar thought:Exalted thus, I venture to revealWhat long my cautious heart has labour'd to conceal.

Yes, well do I perceiveTo you how wrongful is my scanty praise;Yet the strong impulse cannot be withstood,That urges, since I view'dWhat fancy to the sight before ne'er gave,What ne'er before graced mine, or higher lays.Bright authors of my sadly-pleasing state,That you alone conceive me well I know,When to your fierce beams I become as snow!Your elegant disdainHaply then kindles at my worthless strain.Did not this dread createSome mitigation of my bosom's heat,Death would be bliss: for greater joy 'twould giveWith them to suffer death, without them than to live.

If not consumed quite,I the weak object of a flame so strong:'Tis not that safety springs from native might,But that some fear restrains,Which chills the current circling through my veins;Strengthening this heart, that it may suffer long.O hills, O vales, O forests, floods, and fields,Ye who have witness'd how my sad life flows,Oft have ye heard me call on death for aid.Ah, state surcharged with woes!To stay destroys, and flight no succour yields.But had not higher dreadWithheld, some sudden effort I had madeTo end my sorrows and protracted pains,Of which the beauteous cause insensible remains.

Why lead me, grief, astrayFrom my first theme to chant a different lay?Let me proceed where pleasure may invite.'Tis not of you I 'plain,O eyes, beyond compare serenely bright;Nor yet of him who binds me in his chain.Ye clearly can behold the hues that LoveScatters ofttime on my dejected face;And fancy may his inward workings traceThere where, whole nights and days,He rules with power derived from your bright rays:What rapture would ye prove,If you, dear lights, upon yourselves could gaze!But, frequent as you bend your beams on me,What influence you possess you in another see.

Oh! if to you were knownThat beauty which I sing, immense, divine.As unto him on whom its glories shine!The heart had then o'erflownWith joy unbounded, such as is deniedUnto that nature which its acts doth guide.How happy is the soul for you that sighs,Celestial lights! which lend a charm to life,And make me bless what else I should not prize!Ah! why, so seldom whyAfford what ne'er can cause satiety?More often to your sightWhy not bring Love, who holds me constant strife?And why so soon of joys despoil me quite,Which ever and anon my tranced soul delight?

Yes, 'debted to your grace,Frequent I feel throughout my inmost soulUnwonted floods of sweetest rapture roll;Relieving so the mind,That all oppressive thoughts are left behind,And of a thousand only one has place;For which alone this life is dear to me.Oh! might the blessing of duration prove,Not equall'd then could my condition be!But this would, haply, moveIn others envy, in myself vain pride.That pain should be alliedTo pleasure is, alas! decreed above;Then, stifling all the ardour of desire,Homeward I turn my thoughts, and in myself retire.

So sweetly shines reveal'dThe amorous thought within your soul which dwells,That other joys it from my heart expels:Hence I aspire to frameLays whereon Hope may build a deathless name,When in the tomb my dust shall lie conceal'd.At your approach anguish and sorrow fly;These, as your beams retire, again draw nigh;Yet outward acts their influence ne'er betray,For doting memoryDwells on the past, and chases them away.Whatever, then, of worthMy genius ripens owes to you its birth.To you all honour and all praise is due--Myself a barren soil, and cultured but by you.

Thy strains, O song! appease me not, but fire,Chanting a theme that wings my wild desire:Trust me, thou shalt ere long a sister-song acquire.

Words in this poem 24
ought p. p.
Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]
beauteous a.
Full of beauty; beautiful; very handsome. [Mostly poetic] -- Beau"te*ous*ly, adv. --
nestling n.
A young bird which has not abandoned the nest. Piers Plowman.
unapt a.
Inapt; slow; dull.
graced a.
Endowed with grace; beautiful; full of graces; honorable.
sadly adv.
Wearily; heavily; firmly.
haply adv.
By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.
succour v. t.
tiono run to, or run to support; hence, to help or relieve when in difficulty, want, or distress; to assist and deliver from suffering; to relieve; as, to succor a besieged city. [OE. socouren, OF. sucurre, soucourre, secorre, F. secourir, L. succurrere, succursum, to run under, run to the aid of, help, succor; sub under + currere to run.]
serenely adv.
In a serene manner; clearly.
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
despoil v. t.
To strip, as of clothing; to divest or unclothe. [OF. despoiller, F. dépouiller, L. despoliare, despoliatum; de- + spoliare to strip, rob, spolium spoil, booty. Cf. Spoil, Despoliation.]
anon adv.
Straightway; at once. [OE. anoon, anon, anan, lit., in one (moment), fr. AS. on in + an one. See On and One.]
inmost a.
Deepest within; farthest from the surface or external part; innermost. [OE. innemest, AS. innemest, a double superlative form fr. inne within, fr. in in. The modern form is due to confusion with most. See In, and cf. Aftermost, Fore]
unwonted a.
Not wonted; unaccustomed; unused; not made familiar by practice; as, a child unwonted to strangers.
ardour n.
Heat, in a literal sense; as, the ardor of the sun's rays. [L. ardor, fr. ardere to burn: cf. OF. ardor, ardur, F. ardeur.]
homeward a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
aspire v. t.
To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount to.
whereon adv.
On which; -- used relatively; as, the earth whereon we live.
deathless a.
Not subject to death, destruction, or extinction; immortal; undying; imperishable; as, deathless beings; deathless fame.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
doting a.
That dotes; silly; excessively fond.
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
cultured a.
Under culture; cultivated.
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

In Praise of Laura's Eyes: The Difficulty of His Theme is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #17650, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Petrarch, In Praise of Laura's Eyes: The Difficulty of His Theme, in The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems (1859), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #17650, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/petrarch-sonnets/in-praise-of-laura-s-eyes-the-difficulty-of-his-theme.html, id L14567.

Form and metre

In Praise of Laura's Eyes: The Difficulty of His Theme is 108 lines in 8 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.1 syllables. 5 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 23% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 A-BA-BCCDEFEFDD frailA · theme · placeB · wailA · claim · traceB · stayC · layC · feelD · singsE · taughtF · wingsE · thoughtF · revealD · concealD
  2. 2 -A---ABCCDDB-EE perceive · praiseA · withstood · view'd · gave · laysA · stateB · knowC · snowC · disdainD · strainD · createB · heat · giveE · liveE
  3. 3 ABACCBDEFED-FCC quiteA · strongB · mightA · restrainsC · veinsC · longB · fieldsD · flowsE · aidF · woesE · yieldsD · dread · madeF · painsC · remainsC
  4. 4 AABCBC-DDEE-EFF astrayA · layA · inviteB · plainC · brightB · chainC · love · faceD · traceD · daysE · raysE · prove · gazeE · meF · seeF
  5. 5 ABBACCDED--FEFF knownA · divineB · shineB · o'erflownA · deniedC · guideC · sighsD · lifeE · prizeD · why · satiety · sightF · strifeE · quiteF · delightF
  6. 6 ABBCCADEDEFFEGG graceA · soulB · rollB · mindC · behindC · placeA · meD · proveE · beD · moveE · prideF · alliedF · aboveE · desireG · retireG
  7. 7 ABBCCADDE-EFFGG reveal'dA · dwellsB · expelsB · frameC · nameC · conceal'dA · flyD · nighD · betrayE · memory · awayE · worthF · birthF · dueG · youG
  8. 8 AAA fireA · desireA · acquireA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Since human life is frail,6·/˘···
And genius trembles at the lofty theme,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
I little confidence in either place;10·/˘/˘˘·/˘·
But let my tender wail6···/˘·
There, where it ought, deserved attention claim,10····˘/˘/˘·
That wail which e'en in silence we may trace.10·····/˘···
O beauteous eyes, where Love doth nestling stay!11·/˘˘····/˘·
To you I turn my insufficient lay,10·····˘˘/˘·
Unapt to flow; but passion's goad I feel:10˘/···/˘···
And he of you who sings6······
Such courteous habit by the strain is taught,10·/˘/˘·····
That, borne on amorous wings,7···/˘˘·
He soars above the reach of vulgar thought:10·······/˘·
Exalted thus, I venture to reveal10˘/˘··/˘·˘/
What long my cautious heart has labour'd to conceal.12···/˘·····˘/
Yes, well do I perceive6····˘/
To you how wrongful is my scanty praise;10···/˘··/˘·
Yet the strong impulse cannot be withstood,10···/˘/˘·˘/
That urges, since I view'd6·/˘···
What fancy to the sight before ne'er gave,10·/˘·······
What ne'er before graced mine, or higher lays.10·······/˘·
Bright authors of my sadly-pleasing state,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
That you alone conceive me well I know,10··˘/˘/····
When to your fierce beams I become as snow!10······˘/··
Your elegant disdain6·/˘˘˘/
Haply then kindles at my worthless strain.10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Did not this dread create6····˘/
Some mitigation of my bosom's heat,10··˘/˘··/˘·
Death would be bliss: for greater joy 'twould give10·····/˘···
With them to suffer death, without them than to live.12···/˘·······
If not consumed quite,5··˘/·
I the weak object of a flame so strong:10···/˘·····
'Tis not that safety springs from native might,10···/˘··/˘·
But that some fear restrains,6····˘/
Which chills the current circling through my veins;10···/˘/˘···
Strengthening this heart, that it may suffer long.10/˘·····/˘·
O hills, O vales, O forests, floods, and fields,10·····/˘···
Ye who have witness'd how my sad life flows,10···/˘·····
Oft have ye heard me call on death for aid.10··········
Ah, state surcharged with woes!6··˘/··
To stay destroys, and flight no succour yields.10··˘/···/˘·
But had not higher dread6···/˘·
Withheld, some sudden effort I had made10˘/·/˘/˘···
To end my sorrows and protracted pains,10···/˘·˘/˘·
Of which the beauteous cause insensible remains.12···/˘˘·˘/˘˘/
Why lead me, grief, astray6····˘/
From my first theme to chant a different lay?10·······/˘·
Let me proceed where pleasure may invite.10··˘/·/˘·˘/
'Tis not of you I 'plain,6······
O eyes, beyond compare serenely bright;10····˘/˘/˘·
Nor yet of him who binds me in his chain.10··········
Ye clearly can behold the hues that Love10·/˘·˘/····
Scatters ofttime on my dejected face;10/˘····˘/˘·
And fancy may his inward workings trace10·/˘··/˘/˘·
There where, whole nights and days,6······
He rules with power derived from your bright rays:10···/˘/····
What rapture would ye prove,6·/˘···
If you, dear lights, upon yourselves could gaze!10······˘/··
But, frequent as you bend your beams on me,10·/˘·······
What influence you possess you in another see.12·/˘·˘/··˘/˘·
Oh! if to you were known6······
That beauty which I sing, immense, divine.10·/˘···˘/˘/
As unto him on whom its glories shine!10·······/˘·
The heart had then o'erflown6······
With joy unbounded, such as is denied10··˘/˘···˘/
Unto that nature which its acts doth guide.10···/˘·····
How happy is the soul for you that sighs,10·/˘·······
Celestial lights! which lend a charm to life,10˘/˘·······
And make me bless what else I should not prize!10··········
Ah! why, so seldom why6···/˘·
Afford what ne'er can cause satiety?10˘/····˘/˘˘
More often to your sight6·/˘···
Why not bring Love, who holds me constant strife?10·······/˘·
And why so soon of joys despoil me quite,10······˘/··
Which ever and anon my tranced soul delight?10·/·˘/···˘/
Yes, 'debted to your grace,6·/˘···
Frequent I feel throughout my inmost soul10/······/˘·
Unwonted floods of sweetest rapture roll;10˘/˘··/˘/˘·
Relieving so the mind,6˘/˘···
That all oppressive thoughts are left behind,10··˘/˘·····
And of a thousand only one has place;10···/˘/˘···
For which alone this life is dear to me.10··˘/······
Oh! might the blessing of duration prove,10···/˘·//˘·
Not equall'd then could my condition be!10······˘/˘·
But this would, haply, move6···/˘·
In others envy, in myself vain pride.10·/˘/˘··/··
That pain should be allied6····˘/
To pleasure is, alas! decreed above;10·/˘·˘/˘/··
Then, stifling all the ardour of desire,11·/˘··/˘·˘/˘
Homeward I turn my thoughts, and in myself retire.12/˘·······/˘/
So sweetly shines reveal'd6·/˘·˘/
The amorous thought within your soul which dwells,10·/˘·······
That other joys it from my heart expels:10·/˘·····˘/
Hence I aspire to frame6··˘/··
Lays whereon Hope may build a deathless name,10·˘/····/˘·
When in the tomb my dust shall lie conceal'd.10········˘/
At your approach anguish and sorrow fly;10··˘//˘·/˘·
These, as your beams retire, again draw nigh;10····˘/˘/··
Yet outward acts their influence ne'er betray,10·/··/˘˘·˘/
For doting memory6·/˘/˘˘
Dwells on the past, and chases them away.10·····/˘·˘/
Whatever, then, of worth6·/˘···
My genius ripens owes to you its birth.10·/˘/˘·····
To you all honour and all praise is due--10···/˘·····
Myself a barren soil, and cultured but by you.12·/·/˘··/˘···
Thy strains, O song! appease me not, but fire,11····˘/···/˘
Chanting a theme that wings my wild desire:11/˘······˘/˘
Trust me, thou shalt ere long a sister-song acquire.12·······/˘·˘/

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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