Canzone VII

Petrarch (1304–1374), translated by various hands · 1859

iambic pentameter · 159 lines · from The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems

Long had I suffer'd, till--to combat moreIn strength, in hope too sunk--at last beforeImpartial Reason's seat,Whence she presides our nobler nature o'er,I summon'd my old tyrant, stern and sweet;There, groaning 'neath a weary weight of grief,With fear and horror stung,Like one who dreads to die and prays relief,My plea I open'd thus: "When life was young,I, weakly, placed my peace within his power,And nothing from that hourSave wrong I've met; so many and so greatThe torments I have borne,That my once infinite patience is outworn,And my life worthless grown is held in very hate!

"Thus sadly has my time till now dragg'd byIn flames and anguish: I have left each wayOf honour, use, and joy,This my most cruel flatterer to obey.What wit so rare such language to employThat yet may free me from this wretched thrall.Or even my complaint,So great and just, against this ingrate paint?O little sweet! much bitterness and gall!How have you changed my life, so tranquil, ereWith the false witchery blind,That alone lured me to his amorous snare!If right I judge, a mindI boasted once with higher feelings rife,--But he destroy'd my peace, he plunged me in this strife!

"Less for myself to care, through him I've grown.And less my God to honour than I ought:Through him my every thoughtOn a frail beauty blindly have I thrown;In this my counsellor he stood alone,Still prompt with cruel aid so to provokeMy young desire, that IHoped respite from his harsh and heavy yoke.But, ah! what boots--though changing time sweep by,If from this changeless passion nought can save--A genius proud and high?Or what Heaven's other envied gifts to have,If still I groan the slaveOf the fierce despot whom I here accuse,Who turns e'en my sad life to his triumphant use?

"'Twas he who made me desert countries seek,Wild tribes and nations dangerous, manners rude,My path with thorns he strew'd,And every error that betrays the weak.Valley and mountain, marsh, and stream, and sea,On every side his snares were set for me.In June December came,With present peril and sharp toil the same;Alone they left me never, neither he,Nor she, whom I so fled, my other foe:Untimely in my tomb,If by some painful death not yet laid low.My safety from such doomHeaven's gracious pity, not this tyrant, deigns,Who feeds upon my grief, and profits in my pains!

"No quiet hour, since first I own'd his reign,I've known, nor hope to know: repose is fledFrom my unfriendly bed,Nor herb nor spells can bring it back again.By fraud and force he gain'd and guards his powerO'er every sense; soundeth from steeple near,By day, by night, the hour,I feel his hand in every stroke I hear.Never did cankerworm fair tree devour,As he my heart, wherein he, gnawing, lurks,And, there, my ruin works.Hence my past martyrdom and tears arise,My present speech, these sighs,Which tear and tire myself, and haply thee,--Judge then between us both, thou knowest him and me!"

With fierce reproach my adversary rose:"Lady," he spoke, "the rebel to a closeIs heard at last, the truthReceive from me which he has shrunk to tell:Big words to bandy, specious lies to sell,He plies right well the vile trade of his youth,Freed from whose shame, to shareMy easy pleasures, by my friendly care,From each false passion which had work'd him ill,Kept safe and pure, laments he, graceless, stillThe sweet life he has gain'd?And, blindly, thus his fortune dares he blame,Who owes his very fameTo me, his genius who sublimed, sustain'd,In the proud flight to which he, else, had dared not aim?

"Well knows he how, in history's every page,The laurell'd chief, the monarch on his throne,The poet and the sage,Favourites of fortune, or for virtue known,Were cursed by evil stars, in loves debased,Soulless and vile, their hearts, their fame, to waste:While I, for him alone,From all the lovely ladies of the earth,Chose one, so graced with beauty and with worth,The eternal sun her equal ne'er beheld.Such charm was in her life,Such virtue in her speech with music rife,Their wondrous power dispell'dEach vain and vicious fancy from his heart,--A foe I am indeed, if this a foeman's part!

"Such was my anger, these my hate and slights,Than all which others could bestow more sweet;Evil for good I meet,If thus ingratitude my grace requites.So high, upon my wings, he soar'd in fame,To hear his song, fair dames and gentle knightsIn throngs delighted came.Among the gifted spirits of our timeHis name conspicuous shines; in every climeAdmired, approved, his strains an echo find.Such is he, but for meA mere court flatterer who was doom'd to be,Unmark'd amid his kind,Till, in my school, exalted and made knownBy her, who, of her sex, stood peerless and alone!

"If my great service more there need to tell,I have so fenced and fortified him well,That his pure mind on noughtOf gross or grovelling now can brook to dwell;Modest and sensitive, in deed, word, thought,Her captive from his youth, she so her fairAnd virtuous image press'dUpon his heart, it left its likeness there:Whate'er his life has shown of good or great,In aim or action, he from us possess'd.Never was midnight dreamSo full of error as to us his hate!For Heaven's and man's esteemIf still he keep, the praise is due to us,Whom in its thankless pride his blind rage censures thus!

"In fine, 'twas I, my past love to exceed,Who heavenward fix'd his hope, who gave him wingsTo fly from mortal things,Which to eternal bliss the path impede;With his own sense, that, seeing how in herVirtues and charms so great and rare combined,A holy pride might stirAnd to the Great First Cause exalt his mind,(In his own verse confess'd this truth we see,)While that dear lady whom I sent to beThe grace, the guard, and guideOf his vain life"--But here a heart-deep groanI sudden gave, and cried,"Yes! sent and snatch'd her from me." He replied,"Not I, but Heaven above, which will'd her for its own!"

At length before that high tribunal each--With anxious trembling I, while in his mienWas conscious triumph seen--With earnest prayer concluded thus his speech:"Speak, noble lady! we thy judgment wait."She then with equal air:"It glads me to have heard your keen debate,But in a cause so great,More time and thought it needs just verdict to declare!"

Words in this poem 30
sadly adv.
Wearily; heavily; firmly.
honour n.
Esteem due or paid to worth; high estimation; respect; consideration; reverence; veneration; manifestation of respect or reverence. [OE. honor, honour, onour, onur, OF. honor, onor, honur, onur, honour, onour, F. honneur, fr. L. honor, honos.]
ingrate n.
An ungrateful person.
witchery
Sorcery; enchantment; witchcraft.
rife a.
Prevailing; prevalent; abounding. [AS. rif abundant, or Icel. rifr munificent; akin to OD. riff, rijve, abundant.]
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
ought p. p.
Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]
blindly adv.
Without sight, discernment, or understanding; without thought, investigation, knowledge, or purpose of one's own.
changeless a.
That can not be changed; constant; as, a changeless purpose.
cankerworm n.
The larva of two species of geometrid moths which are very injurious to fruit and shade trees by eating, and often entirely destroying, the foliage. Other similar larvæ are also called cankerworms.
martyrdom n.
The condition of a martyr; the death of a martyr; the suffering of death on account of adherence to the Christian faith, or to any cause. [Martyr + -dom.]
haply adv.
By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
rebel a.
Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops. [F. rebelle, fr. L. rebellis. See Rebel, v. t.]
bandy n.
A carriage or cart used in India, esp. one drawn by bullocks. [Telugu bandi.]
graceless a.
Wanting in grace or excellence; departed from, or deprived of, divine grace; hence, depraved; corrupt.
sublimed a.
Having been subjected to the process of sublimation; hence, also, purified.
cursed a.
Deserving a curse; execrable; hateful; detestable; abominable.
soulless a.
Being without a soul, or without greatness or nobleness of mind; mean; spiritless.
graced a.
Endowed with grace; beautiful; full of graces; honorable.
wondrous adv.
In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]
ingratitude n.
Want of gratitude; insensibility to, forgetfulness of, or ill return for, kindness or favors received; unthankfulness; ungratefulness. [F. ingratitude, L. ingratitudo. See Ingrate.]
delighted a.
Endowed with delight.
clime n.
A climate; a tract or region of the earth. See Climate. [L. clima. See Climate.]
admired a.
Regarded with wonder and delight; highly prized; as, an admired poem.
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
virtuous a.
Possessing or exhibiting virtue. Specifically: -- (a) Exhibiting manly courage and strength; valorous; valiant; brave. [OE. vertuous, OF. vertuos, vertuous, F. vertueux, fr. L. Virtuous. See Virtue, and cf. Virtuoso.]
thankless a.
Not acknowledging favors; not expressing thankfulness; unthankful; ungrateful.
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Canzone VII is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #17650, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Petrarch, Canzone VII, in The Sonnets, Triumphs and Other Poems (1859), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #17650, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/petrarch-sonnets/canzone-vii.html, id L14983.

Form and metre

Canzone VII is 159 lines in 11 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 95% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.2 syllables. 5 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 24% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AAB-BCDCDEEFGGF moreA · beforeA · seatB · o'er · sweetB · griefC · stungD · reliefC · youngD · powerE · hourE · greatF · borneG · outwornG · hateF
  2. 2 -ABABCDDCEFEFGG by · wayA · joyB · obeyA · employB · thrallC · complaintD · paintD · gallC · ereE · blindF · snareE · mindF · rifeG · strifeG
  3. 3 ABBAACDCDEDEEFF grownA · oughtB · thoughtB · thrownA · aloneA · provokeC · iD · yokeC · byD · saveE · highD · haveE · slaveE · accuseF · useF
  4. 4 ABBACCDDCEFEFGG seekA · rudeB · strew'dB · weakA · seaC · meC · cameD · sameD · heC · foeE · tombF · lowE · doomF · deignsG · painsG
  5. 5 ABBACDCDCEEFFGG reignA · fledB · bedB · againA · powerC · nearD · hourC · hearD · devourC · lurksE · worksE · ariseF · sighsF · theeG · meG
  6. 6 AABCCBDDEEFGGFG roseA · closeA · truthB · tellC · sellC · youthB · shareD · careD · illE · stillE · gain'dF · blameG · fameG · sustain'dF · aimG
  7. 7 ABABCCBDDEFFEGG pageA · throneB · sageA · knownB · debasedC · wasteC · aloneB · earthD · worthD · beheldE · lifeF · rifeF · dispell'dE · heartG · partG
  8. 8 ABB-CACDDEFFEGG slightsA · sweetB · meetB · requites · fameC · knightsA · cameC · timeD · climeD · findE · meF · beF · kindE · knownG · aloneG
  9. 9 AABABCDCEDFEFGG tellA · wellA · noughtB · dwellA · thoughtB · fairC · press'dD · thereC · greatE · possess'dD · dreamF · hateE · esteemF · usG · thusG
  10. 10 ABBACDCDEEFGFFG exceedA · wingsB · thingsB · impedeA · herC · combinedD · stirC · mindD · seeE · beE · guideF · groanG · criedF · repliedF · ownG
  11. 11 ABBACDCCD eachA · mienB · seenB · speechA · waitC · airD · debateC · greatC · declareD
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Long had I suffer'd, till--to combat more10···/˘··/˘·
In strength, in hope too sunk--at last before10··········
Impartial Reason's seat,6˘/˘/˘·
Whence she presides our nobler nature o'er,10··˘///˘/˘·
I summon'd my old tyrant, stern and sweet;10·/˘··/˘···
There, groaning 'neath a weary weight of grief,10·/˘··/˘···
With fear and horror stung,6···/˘·
Like one who dreads to die and prays relief,10········˘/
My plea I open'd thus: "When life was young,10···/˘·····
I, weakly, placed my peace within his power,11·/˘······/˘
And nothing from that hour7·/˘··/˘
Save wrong I've met; so many and so great10·····/˘···
The torments I have borne,6·/····
That my once infinite patience is outworn,10···/˘/˘···
And my life worthless grown is held in very hate!12···/˘····/˘·
"Thus sadly has my time till now dragg'd by10·/˘·······
In flames and anguish: I have left each way10···/˘·····
Of honour, use, and joy,6·/˘···
This my most cruel flatterer to obey.10···//˘˘·˘/
What wit so rare such language to employ10·····/˘·˘/
That yet may free me from this wretched thrall.10·······/˘·
Or even my complaint,6·/˘·˘/
So great and just, against this ingrate paint?10·······/˘·
O little sweet! much bitterness and gall!10·/˘··/˘˘··
How have you changed my life, so tranquil, ere10·······/˘·
With the false witchery blind,7···/˘˘·
That alone lured me to his amorous snare!10·˘/····/˘·
If right I judge, a mind6······
I boasted once with higher feelings rife,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
--But he destroy'd my peace, he plunged me in this strife!12··˘/········
"Less for myself to care, through him I've grown.10···/······
And less my God to honour than I ought:10·····/˘···
Through him my every thought7···/˘˘·
On a frail beauty blindly have I thrown;10···/˘/˘···
In this my counsellor he stood alone,10···/˘˘··˘/
Still prompt with cruel aid so to provoke10···/˘···˘/
My young desire, that I7··˘/˘··
Hoped respite from his harsh and heavy yoke.10·/˘····/˘·
But, ah! what boots--though changing time sweep by,10·····/˘···
If from this changeless passion nought can save--10···/˘/˘···
A genius proud and high?6·/˘···
Or what Heaven's other envied gifts to have,11··/˘/˘/˘···
If still I groan the slave6······
Of the fierce despot whom I here accuse,10···/˘···˘/
Who turns e'en my sad life to his triumphant use?12········˘/˘·
"'Twas he who made me desert countries seek,10·····/˘/˘·
Wild tribes and nations dangerous, manners rude,10···/˘/˘/˘·
My path with thorns he strew'd,6······
And every error that betrays the weak.10·/˘/˘·˘/··
Valley and mountain, marsh, and stream, and sea,10/˘·/˘·····
On every side his snares were set for me.10·/˘·······
In June December came,6··˘/˘·
With present peril and sharp toil the same;10·/˘/˘·····
Alone they left me never, neither he,10˘/···/˘/˘·
Nor she, whom I so fled, my other foe:10·······/˘·
Untimely in my tomb,6˘/˘···
If by some painful death not yet laid low.10···/˘·····
My safety from such doom6·/˘···
Heaven's gracious pity, not this tyrant, deigns,11/˘/˘/˘··/˘·
Who feeds upon my grief, and profits in my pains!12·······/˘···
"No quiet hour, since first I own'd his reign,10·//˘······
I've known, nor hope to know: repose is fled10······˘/··
From my unfriendly bed,6··˘/˘·
Nor herb nor spells can bring it back again.10········˘/
By fraud and force he gain'd and guards his power11·········/˘
O'er every sense; soundeth from steeple near,10·/˘·/˘·/˘·
By day, by night, the hour,7·····/˘
I feel his hand in every stroke I hear.10·····/˘···
Never did cankerworm fair tree devour,11/˘·/˘˘··˘/˘
As he my heart, wherein he, gnawing, lurks,10·······/˘·
And, there, my ruin works.6···/˘·
Hence my past martyrdom and tears arise,10···/˘˘··˘/
My present speech, these sighs,6·/˘···
Which tear and tire myself, and haply thee,10···/·/·/˘·
--Judge then between us both, thou knowest him and me!"12·······/˘···
With fierce reproach my adversary rose:10··˘/·/˘·˘·
"Lady," he spoke, "the rebel to a close10/˘···˘/···
Is heard at last, the truth6······
Receive from me which he has shrunk to tell:10˘/········
Big words to bandy, specious lies to sell,10···/˘/˘···
He plies right well the vile trade of his youth,10··········
Freed from whose shame, to share6······
My easy pleasures, by my friendly care,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
From each false passion which had work'd him ill,10···/˘·····
Kept safe and pure, laments he, graceless, still10····˘/·/˘·
The sweet life he has gain'd?6······
And, blindly, thus his fortune dares he blame,10·/˘··/˘···
Who owes his very fame6···/˘·
To me, his genius who sublimed, sustain'd,10···/˘·˘/˘/
In the proud flight to which he, else, had dared not aim?12············
"Well knows he how, in history's every page,10·····/˘/˘·
The laurell'd chief, the monarch on his throne,10·····/····
The poet and the sage,6·/˘···
Favourites of fortune, or for virtue known,11····/˘··/˘·
Were cursed by evil stars, in loves debased,10···/˘···˘/
Soulless and vile, their hearts, their fame, to waste:10/˘········
While I, for him alone,6····˘/
From all the lovely ladies of the earth,10···/˘/˘···
Chose one, so graced with beauty and with worth,10·····/˘···
The eternal sun her equal ne'er beheld.11·˘/˘··/˘·˘/
Such charm was in her life,6······
Such virtue in her speech with music rife,10·/˘····/˘·
Their wondrous power dispell'd7·/˘/˘˘/
Each vain and vicious fancy from his heart,10···/˘/˘···
--A foe I am indeed, if this a foeman's part!12····˘/······
"Such was my anger, these my hate and slights,10···/˘·····
Than all which others could bestow more sweet;10···/˘·˘/··
Evil for good I meet,6/˘····
If thus ingratitude my grace requites.10··˘/˘˘····
So high, upon my wings, he soar'd in fame,10··········
To hear his song, fair dames and gentle knights10·······/˘·
In throngs delighted came.6··˘/˘·
Among the gifted spirits of our time10···/˘/˘·/·
His name conspicuous shines; in every clime10··˘/˘··/˘·
Admired, approved, his strains an echo find.10˘/˘/···/˘·
Such is he, but for me6······
A mere court flatterer who was doom'd to be,11···/˘˘·····
Unmark'd amid his kind,6˘/˘/··
Till, in my school, exalted and made known10····˘/˘···
By her, who, of her sex, stood peerless and alone!12·······/˘·˘/
"If my great service more there need to tell,10···/˘·····
I have so fenced and fortified him well,10·····/˘···
That his pure mind on nought6······
Of gross or grovelling now can brook to dwell;10···/˘·····
Modest and sensitive, in deed, word, thought,10/˘·/˘˘····
Her captive from his youth, she so her fair10·/˘·······
And virtuous image press'd7·/˘˘/˘·
Upon his heart, it left its likeness there:10·······/˘·
Whate'er his life has shown of good or great,11˘˘/········
In aim or action, he from us possess'd.10···/˘···˘/
Never was midnight dream6/˘·/··
So full of error as to us his hate!10···/˘·····
For Heaven's and man's esteem7·/˘··˘/
If still he keep, the praise is due to us,10··········
Whom in its thankless pride his blind rage censures thus!12···/˘····/˘·
"In fine, 'twas I, my past love to exceed,10········˘/
Who heavenward fix'd his hope, who gave him wings11·/˘˘·······
To fly from mortal things,6···/˘·
Which to eternal bliss the path impede;10··˘/˘···˘/
With his own sense, that, seeing how in her10·····/˘···
Virtues and charms so great and rare combined,10/˘······˘/
A holy pride might stir6·/˘···
And to the Great First Cause exalt his mind,10······˘/··
(In his own verse confess'd this truth we see,)10····˘/····
While that dear lady whom I sent to be10···/˘·····
The grace, the guard, and guide6······
Of his vain life"--But here a heart-deep groan10··········
I sudden gave, and cried,6·/˘···
"Yes! sent and snatch'd her from me." He replied,10········˘/
"Not I, but Heaven above, which will'd her for its own!"12···/········
At length before that high tribunal each--10······˘/˘·
With anxious trembling I, while in his mien10·/˘/˘·····
Was conscious triumph seen--6·/˘/˘·
With earnest prayer concluded thus his speech:10·/˘·˘/˘···
"Speak, noble lady! we thy judgment wait."10·/˘/˘··/˘·
She then with equal air:6···/˘·
"It glads me to have heard your keen debate,10········˘/
But in a cause so great,6······
More time and thought it needs just verdict to declare!"12·······/˘·˘/

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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