Christmas

Sándor Petőfi (1823–1849), translated by John Bowring · 1866

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 39 lines · from Translations from Alexander Petofi, the Magyar Poet

Old Christmas turned towards me—was it onlyTo see a visage blank and pale and lonely,And the sad tears that trembled in my eye?

Go farther, Christmas!—all thy bounties bringingTo some bright circle, where sweet voices ringingShall welcome thee—go! pass the anchorite by!

Some chilling thoughts my wakening heart appal,And, like the icicles upon the wall,Hang stiffly on that heart—it was not so,

In older, happier days, when Christmas came,And every eye shone brighter at the name—Parents and brothers all—a joyous row.

O many saw us then—all, all delighted;All, all in daily blessedness united—All, all so happy—all so kind, so good!

We loved our brethren all—God honoured, all,And when the beggar called, we hailed his call,We gave him comfort and we gave him food.

And our reward? Short were our days of bliss—Launched on a wide, wide sea of miseries,Our destined harbour was despair and death.

And yet I dreamed that the old family treeMight stand unshattered midst the misery—Sunshine above it, sheltering beneath.

It was not so—there came a whirlwind forth,And flung its branches to the south and north—One of its roots, my mother—left alone.

O my soul's ancestry—O brothers dear!O loved companions, scattered here and there,Shall we not meet again, again be one?

Hope! thou has often kissed me, tho' thy kissWas treacherous—-yet is thine a tempting bliss;In trusting thee once more—betray not, then,

Thy suppliant—let me dream of happy thingsOf family meetings, family ministeringsPast days of blessedness to dawn again.

I am no sun, which earth and moon roll round,I am a comet lost in heaven's vast bound,And thro' the storm winds bear my melancholy train.

Words in this poem

visage n.
The face, countenance, or look of a person or an animal; -- chiefly applied to the human face. [F. visage, from L. visus a seeing, a look, fr. videre, visum, to see. See Vision.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
anchorite n.
One who renounces the world and secludes himself, usually for religious reasons; a hermit; a recluse. [Written by some authors anachoret.] [F. anachorète, L. anachoreta, fr. Gr. ha to leave. Cf. Anchor a hermit.]
wakening n.
The act of one who wakens; esp., the act of ceasing to sleep; an awakening.
stiffly adv.
In a stiff manner.
delighted a.
Endowed with delight.
blessedness n.
The state of being blessed; happiness; felicity; bliss; heavenly joys; the favor of God.
harbour n.
A station for rest and entertainment; a place of security and comfort; a refuge; a shelter. [OE herbor, herberwe, herberge, Icel. herbergi (cf. OHG. heriberga), orig., a shelter for soldiers; herr army + bjarga to save, help, defend; akin to AS. here ar]
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
suppliant a.
Asking earnestly and submissively; entreating; beseeching; supplicating. [F., p.pr. of supplier to entreat, L. supplicare. See Supplicate, and cf. Supplicant.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Christmas is in the public domain. This text is taken from Translations from Alexander Petofi, the Magyar Poet, by Sir John Bowring (London: Trübner & Co., 1866), Internet Archive, the John Bowring translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Sándor Petőfi, Christmas, in Translations from Alexander Petofi, the Magyar Poet (1866), text of Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/petofi-poems-bowring/christmas.html, id L29851.

Form and metre

Christmas is 39 lines in 13 stanzas of 3 lines each. It is in rhyming couplets, 51% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 84%).

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AA- onlyA · lonelyA · eye
  2. 2 AA- bringingA · ringingA · by
  3. 4 AA- cameA · nameA · row
  4. 5 AAA delightedA · unitedA · goodA
  5. 6 AA- allA · callA · food
  6. 9 AA- forthA · northA · alone
  7. 10 AA- dearA · thereA · one
  8. 11 AA- kissA · blissA · then
  9. 12 AA- thingsA · ministeringsA · again
  10. 13 AA- roundA · boundA · train
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Old Christmas turned towards me—was it only11·/˘······/˘
To see a visage blank and pale and lonely,11···/˘····/˘
And the sad tears that trembled in my eye?10·····/˘···
Go farther, Christmas!—all thy bounties bringing11·/˘/˘··/˘/˘
To some bright circle, where sweet voices ringing11···/˘··/˘/˘
Shall welcome thee—go! pass the anchorite by!11·/˘····/˘˘·
Some chilling thoughts my wakening heart appal,10·/˘··/˘···
And, like the icicles upon the wall,10···/˘˘····
Hang stiffly on that heart—it was not so,10·/˘·······
In older, happier days, when Christmas came,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
And every eye shone brighter at the name—10·/˘··/˘···
Parents and brothers all—a joyous row.10/˘·/˘··/˘·
O many saw us then—all, all delighted;11·/˘·····˘/˘
All, all in daily blessedness united—11···/˘/˘˘˘/˘
All, all so happy—all so kind, so good!10···/˘·····
We loved our brethren all—God honoured, all,10··//˘··/˘·
And when the beggar called, we hailed his call,10···/˘·····
We gave him comfort and we gave him food.10···/˘·····
And our reward? Short were our days of bliss—10·/˘/··/···
Launched on a wide, wide sea of miseries,10·······/˘˘
Our destined harbour was despair and death.10//˘/˘·˘/··
And yet I dreamed that the old family tree10·······/˘·
Might stand unshattered midst the misery—10·······/˘˘
Sunshine above it, sheltering beneath.10/····/˘˘··
It was not so—there came a whirlwind forth,10·······/··
And flung its branches to the south and north—10···/˘·····
One of its roots, my mother—left alone.10·····/˘·˘/
O my soul's ancestry—O brothers dear!10···/˘˘·/˘·
O loved companions, scattered here and there,10··˘/˘/˘···
Shall we not meet again, again be one?10····˘/˘/··
Hope! thou has often kissed me, tho' thy kiss10···/˘·····
Was treacherous—-yet is thine a tempting bliss;10·/˘····/˘·
In trusting thee once more—betray not, then,10·/˘···˘/··
Thy suppliant—let me dream of happy things11·/˘˘····/˘·
Of family meetings, family ministerings11·/˘/˘/˘˘/˘˘
Past days of blessedness to dawn again.10···/˘˘··˘/
I am no sun, which earth and moon roll round,10··········
I am a comet lost in heaven's vast bound,11···/˘··/˘··
And thro' the storm winds bear my melancholy train.12·······/˘·˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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