Sonnet XXVII

Fernando Pessoa (1888–1935) · 1918

iambic pentameter · English sonnet · 14 lines · from 35 Sonnets

How yesterday is long ago! The pastIs a fixed infinite distance from to-day,And bygone things, the first-lived as the last,In irreparable sameness far away.How the to-be is infinitely everOut of the place wherein it will be Now,Like the seen wave yet far up in the river,Which reaches not us, but the new-waved flow!This thing Time is, whose being is having none,The equable tyrant of our different fates,Who could not be bought off by a shattered sunOr tricked by new use of our careful dates.This thing Time is, that to the grave-will bearMy heart, sure but of it and of my fear.

Words in this poem

bygone n.
Something gone by or past; a past event.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Sonnet XXVII is in the public domain. This text is taken from 35 Sonnets, Project Gutenberg ebook #19978; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Fernando Pessoa, Sonnet XXVII, in 35 Sonnets (1918), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #19978, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/pessoa-35-sonnets/sonnet-xxvii.html, id L23656.

Form and metre

Sonnet XXVII is 14 lines in a single stanza. It rhymes ABABCDCDEFEFGG, the pattern of the English sonnet. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 77%).

See other English sonnets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABCDCDEFEFGG pastA · dayB · lastA · awayB · everC · nowD · riverC · flowD · noneE · fatesF · sunE · datesF · bearG · fearG
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
How yesterday is long ago! The past10·/˘···˘/··
Is a fixed infinite distance from to-day,10···/˘/˘···
And bygone things, the first-lived as the last,10·/········
In irreparable sameness far away.10·˘/˘˘/˘·˘/
How the to-be is infinitely ever11·····/˘˘˘/˘
Out of the place wherein it will be Now,10··········
Like the seen wave yet far up in the river,11·········/˘
Which reaches not us, but the new-waved flow!10·/˘·······
This thing Time is, whose being is having none,10·····/·/˘·
The equable tyrant of our different fates,10·/˘/˘·//˘·
Who could not be bought off by a shattered sun11········/˘·
Or tricked by new use of our careful dates.10······//˘·
This thing Time is, that to the grave-will bear10··········
My heart, sure but of it and of my fear.10··········

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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