On the Slain Collegians
Youth is the time when hearts are large,And stirring warsAppeal to the spirit which appeals in turnTo the blade it draws.If woman incite, and duty show(Though made the mask of Cain),Or whether it be Truth’s sacred cause,Who can aloof remainThat shares youth’s ardor, uncooled by the snowOf wisdom or sordid gain?
The liberal arts and nurture sweetWhich give his gentleness to man--Train him to honor, lend him graceThrough bright examples meet--That culture which makes never wanWith underminings deep, but holdsThe surface still, its fitting place,And so gives sunniness to the faceAnd bravery to the heart; what troopsOf generous boys in happiness thus bred--Saturnians through life’s Tempe led,Went from the North and came from the South,With golden mottoes in the mouth,To lie down midway on a bloody bed.
Woe for the homes of the North,And woe for the seats of the South;All who felt life’s spring in prime,And were swept by the wind of their place and time--All lavish hearts, on whichever side,Of birth urbane or courage high,Armed them for the stirring wars--Armed them--some to die.Apollo-like in pride,Each would slay his Python--caughtThe maxims in his temple taught--Aflame with sympathies whose blazePerforce enwrapped him--social laws,Friendship and kin, and by-gone days--Vows, kisses--every heart unmoors,And launches into the seas of wars.What could they else--North or South?Each went forth with blessings givenBy priests and mothers in the name of Heaven;And honor in both was chief.Warred one for Right, and one for Wrong?So be it; but they both were young--Each grape to his cluster clung,All their elegies are sung.
The anguish of maternal heartsMust search for balm divine;But well the striplings bore their fated parts(The heavens all parts assign)--Never felt life’s care or cloy.Each bloomed and died an unabated Boy;Nor dreamed what death was--thought it mereSliding into some vernal sphere.They knew the joy, but leaped the grief,Like plants that flower ere comes the leaf--Which storms lay low in kindly doom,And kill them in their flush of bloom.
Words in this poem
- sordid a.
- Filthy; foul; dirty. [L. sordidus, fr. sordere to be filthy or dirty; probably akin to E. swart: cf. F. sordide. See Swart, a.]
- sunniness n.
- The quality or state of being sunny.
- generous a.
- Of honorable birth or origin; highborn. [F. généreux, fr. L. generous of noble birth, noble, excellent, magnanimous, fr. genus birth, race: cf. It. generoso. See 2d Gender.]
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- midway n.
- The middle of the way or distance; a middle way or course.
- whichever pron.
- Whether one or another; whether one or the other; which; that one (of two or more) which; as, whichever road you take, it will lead you to town.
- urbane a.
- Courteous in manners; polite; refined; elegant. [See Urban.]
- aflame adv.
- Inflames; glowing with light or passion; ablaze. G. Eliot. [Pref. a- + flame.]
- perforce v. t.
- To force; to compel.
- clung a.
- Wasted away; shrunken. [Prop. p. p. fr. OE. clingen to wither. See Cling, v. i.]
- maternal a.
- Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly; as, maternal love; maternal tenderness. [F. maternel, L. maternus, fr. mater mother. See Mother.]
- cloy v. t.
- To fill or choke up; to stop up; to clog. [OE. cloer to nail up, F. clouer, fr. OF. clo nail, F. clou, fr. L. clavus nail. Cf. 3d Clove.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
On the Slain Collegians is in the public domain. This text is taken from Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War, Project Gutenberg ebook #12384; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Herman Melville, On the Slain Collegians, in Battle-Pieces and Aspects of the War (1866), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12384, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/melville-battle-pieces/on-the-slain-collegians.html, id L00920.
Form and metre
On the Slain Collegians is 60 lines in 4 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 93% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.9 syllables. 1 line ends on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 28% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ---ABCACBC large · wars · turn · drawsA · showB · cainC · causeA · remainC · snowB · gainC
- 2 A-BA--BB-CCDDC sweetA · man · graceB · meetA · wan · holds · placeB · faceB · troops · bredC · ledC · southD · mouthD · bedC
- 3 -ABBCDEDCFFG-GEEA----HHH north · southA · primeB · timeB · sideC · highD · warsE · dieD · prideC · caughtF · taughtF · blazeG · laws · daysG · unmoorsE · warsE · southA · given · heaven · chief · wrong · youngH · clungH · sungH
- 4 ABABCCDDEEFF heartsA · divineB · partsA · assignB · cloyC · boyC · mereD · sphereD · griefE · leafE · doomF · bloomF
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Youth is the time when hearts are large, | 8 | ········ |
| And stirring wars | 4 | ·/˘· |
| Appeal to the spirit which appeals in turn | 10 | ˘/··/·˘/·· |
| To the blade it draws. | 5 | ····· |
| If woman incite, and duty show | 9 | ·/˘˘/·/˘· |
| (Though made the mask of Cain), | 6 | ······ |
| Or whether it be Truth’s sacred cause, | 9 | ······/˘· |
| Who can aloof remain | 6 | ··˘/˘/ |
| That shares youth’s ardor, uncooled by the snow | 10 | ···/˘·/··· |
| Of wisdom or sordid gain? | 7 | ·/˘·/˘· |
| The liberal arts and nurture sweet | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Which give his gentleness to man-- | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| Train him to honor, lend him grace | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Through bright examples meet-- | 6 | ··˘/˘· |
| That culture which makes never wan | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| With underminings deep, but holds | 8 | ·/˘·˘··· |
| The surface still, its fitting place, | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| And so gives sunniness to the face | 9 | ···/˘˘··· |
| And bravery to the heart; what troops | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Of generous boys in happiness thus bred-- | 9 | ·/˘··/˘·· |
| Saturnians through life’s Tempe led, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Went from the North and came from the South, | 9 | ········· |
| With golden mottoes in the mouth, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| To lie down midway on a bloody bed. | 10 | ···/···/˘· |
| Woe for the homes of the North, | 7 | ······· |
| And woe for the seats of the South; | 8 | ········ |
| All who felt life’s spring in prime, | 7 | ······· |
| And were swept by the wind of their place and time-- | 11 | ··········· |
| All lavish hearts, on whichever side, | 9 | ·/˘··˘/˘· |
| Of birth urbane or courage high, | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Armed them for the stirring wars-- | 8 | ·˘···/˘· |
| Armed them--some to die. | 5 | ····· |
| Apollo-like in pride, | 6 | ˘/˘··· |
| Each would slay his Python--caught | 7 | ····/˘· |
| The maxims in his temple taught-- | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| Aflame with sympathies whose blaze | 8 | ˘/·/˘˘·· |
| Perforce enwrapped him--social laws, | 8 | ˘/···/˘· |
| Friendship and kin, and by-gone days-- | 8 | /˘······ |
| Vows, kisses--every heart unmoors, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| And launches into the seas of wars. | 9 | ·/˘······ |
| What could they else--North or South? | 7 | ······· |
| Each went forth with blessings given | 8 | ····/˘/˘ |
| By priests and mothers in the name of Heaven; | 10 | ···/˘····/ |
| And honor in both was chief. | 7 | ·/˘···· |
| Warred one for Right, and one for Wrong? | 8 | ········ |
| So be it; but they both were young-- | 8 | ········ |
| Each grape to his cluster clung, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| All their elegies are sung. | 7 | ··/˘˘·· |
| The anguish of maternal hearts | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| Must search for balm divine; | 6 | ····˘/ |
| But well the striplings bore their fated parts | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| (The heavens all parts assign)-- | 7 | ·/˘··˘/ |
| Never felt life’s care or cloy. | 7 | /˘····· |
| Each bloomed and died an unabated Boy; | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| Nor dreamed what death was--thought it mere | 8 | ········ |
| Sliding into some vernal sphere. | 8 | /˘···/˘· |
| They knew the joy, but leaped the grief, | 8 | ········ |
| Like plants that flower ere comes the leaf-- | 8 | ···/···· |
| Which storms lay low in kindly doom, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And kill them in their flush of bloom. | 8 | ········ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.