A Conversational Poem, Written in April, 1798
No cloud, no relique of the sunken dayDistinguishes the West, no long thin slipOf sullen Light, no obscure trembling hues.Come, we will rest on this old mossy Bridge!You see the glimmer of the stream beneath,But hear no murmuring: it flows silentlyO’er its soft bed of verdure. All is still,A balmy night! and tho’ the stars be dim,Yet let us think upon the vernal showersThat gladden the green earth, and we shall findA pleasure in the dimness of the stars.And hark! the Nightingale begins its song,“Most musical, most melancholy” Bird!A melancholy Bird? O idle thought!In nature there is nothing melancholy.--But some night-wandering Man, whose heart was pierc’dWith the remembrance of a grievous wrong,Or slow distemper or neglected love,(And so, poor Wretch! fill’d all things with himselfAnd made all gentle sounds tell back the taleOf his own sorrows) he and such as heFirst nam’d these notes a melancholy strain;And many a poet echoes the conceit,Poet, who hath been building up the rhymeWhen he had better far have stretch’d his limbsBeside a brook in mossy forest-dellBy sun or moonlight, to the influxesOf shapes and sounds and shifting elementsSurrendering his whole spirit, of his songAnd of his fame forgetful! so his fameShould share in nature’s immortality,A venerable thing! and so his songShould make all nature lovelier, and itselfBe lov’d, like nature!--But ’twill not be so;And youths and maidens most poeticalWho lose the deep’ning twilights of the springIn ball-rooms and hot theatres, they stillFull of meek sympathy must heave their sighsO’er Philomela’s pity-pleading strains.My Friend, and my Friend’s Sister! we have learntA different lore: we may not thus profaneNature’s sweet voices always full of loveAnd joyance! ’Tis the merry NightingaleThat crowds, and hurries, and precipitatesWith fast thick warble his delicious notes,As he were fearful, that an April nightWould be too short for him to utter forthHis love-chant, and disburthen his full soulOf all its music! And I know a groveOf large extent, hard by a castle hugeWhich the great lord inhabits not: and soThis grove is wild with tangling underwood,And the trim walks are broken up, and grass,Thin grass and king-cups grow within the paths.But never elsewhere in one place I knewSo many Nightingales: and far and nearIn wood and thicket over the wide groveThey answer and provoke each other’s songs--With skirmish and capricious passagings,And murmurs musical and swift jug jugAnd one low piping sound more sweet than all--Stirring the air with such an harmony,That should you close your eyes, you might almostForget it was not day! On moonlight bushes,Whose dewy leafits are but half disclos’d,You may perchance behold them on the twigs,Their bright, bright eyes, their eyes both bright and full,Glistning, while many a glow-worm in the shadeLights up her love-torch.
A most gentle maidWho dwelleth in her hospitable homeHard by the Castle, and at latest eve,(Even like a Lady vow’d and dedicateTo something more than nature in the grove)Glides thro’ the pathways; she knows all their notes,That gentle Maid! and oft, a moment’s space,What time the moon was lost behind a cloud,Hath heard a pause of silence: till the MoonEmerging, hath awaken’d earth and skyWith one sensation, and those wakeful BirdsHave all burst forth in choral minstrelsy,As if one quick and sudden Gale had sweptAn hundred airy harps! And she hath watch’dMany a Nightingale perch giddilyOn blosmy twig still swinging from the breeze,And to that motion tune his wanton song,Like tipsy Joy that reels with tossing head.
Farewell, O Warbler! till to-morrow eve,And you, my friends! farewell, a short farewell!We have been loitering long and pleasantly,And now for our dear homes.--That strain again!Full fain it would delay me!--My dear Babe,Who, capable of no articulate sound,Mars all things with his imitative lisp,How he would place his hand beside his ear,His little hand, the small forefinger up,And bid us listen! And I deem it wiseTo make him Nature’s playmate. He knows wellThe evening star: and once when he awokeIn most distressful mood (some inward painHad made up that strange thing, an infant’s dream)I hurried with him to our orchard plot,And he beholds the moon, and hush’d at onceSuspends his sobs, and laughs most silently,While his fair eyes that swam with undropt tearsDid glitter in the yellow moon-beam! Well--It is a father’s tale. But if that HeavenShould give me life, his childhood shall grow upFamiliar with these songs, that with the nightHe may associate Joy! Once more farewell,Sweet Nightingale! once more, my friends! farewell.
Words in this poem 26
- sullen a.
- Lonely; solitary; desolate. Wyclif (Job iii. 14). [OE. solein, solain, lonely, sullen; through Old French fr. (assumed) LL. solanus solitary, fr. L. solus alone. See Sole, a.]
- balmy a.
- Having the qualities of balm; odoriferous; aromatic; assuaging; soothing; refreshing; mild.
- gladden v. t.
- To make glad; to cheer; to please; to gratify; to rejoice; to exhilarate. [See Glad, v. t.]
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- dell n.
- A small, retired valley; a ravine. [AS. del, akin to E. dale; cf. D. delle, del, low ground. See Dale.]
- forgetful a.
- Apt to forget; easily losing remembrance; as, a forgetful man should use helps to strengthen his memory.
- twill v. i.
- To weave, as cloth, so as to produce the appearance of diagonal lines or ribs on the surface. [Scotch tweel; probably from LG. twillen to make double, from twi- two; akin to AS. twi-, E. twi- in twilight. See Twice, and cf. Tweed, Tweel.]
- joyance n.
- Enjoyment; gayety; festivity; joyfulness. [OF. joiance.]
- hurries n.
- A staith or framework from which coal is discharged from cars into vessels.
- warble v. t.
- To sing in a trilling, quavering, or vibratory manner; to modulate with turns or variations; to trill; as, certain birds are remarkable for warbling their songs. [OE. werbelen, OF. werbler; of Teutonic origin; cf. G. wirbeln to turn, to warble, D. wervelen, akin to E. whirl. See Whirl.]
- disburthen v. t.
- To disburden; to relieve of a load. [Cf. Disburden.]
- underwood n.
- Small trees and bushes that grow among large trees; coppice; underbrush; -- formerly used in the plural.
- piping a.
- Playing on a musical pipe. [From Pipe, v.]
- wakeful a.
- Not sleeping; indisposed to sleep; watchful; vigilant.
- choral a.
- Of or pertaining to a choir or chorus; singing, sung, or adapted to be sung, in chorus or harmony. Choral service, a service of song. [LL. choralis, fr. L. chorus. See Chorus.]
- minstrelsy n.
- The arts and occupation of minstrels; the singing and playing of a minstrel.
- giddily adv.
- In a giddy manner.
- pleasantly adv.
- In a pleasant manner.
- fain v. t.
- To be glad ; to wish or desire.
- babe n.
- An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
- lisp v. i.
- To pronounce the sibilant letter s imperfectly; to give s and z the sound of th; -- a defect common among children. [OE. lispen, lipsen, AS. wlisp stammering, lisping; akin to D. & OHG. lispen to lisp, G. lispeln, Sw. läspa, Dan. lespe.]
- forefinger n.
- The finger next to the thumb; the index.
- deem v. t.
- To decide; to judge; to sentence; to condemn. [OE. demen to judge, condemn, AS. d, fr. d doom; akin to OFries. d, OS. ad, D. doemen, OHG. tuommen, Icel. dæma, Sw. dömma, Dan. dömme, Goth. d. See Doom, n., an]
- playmate n.
- A companion in diversions; a playfellow.
- distressful a.
- Full of distress; causing, indicating, or attended with, distress; as, a distressful situation.
- childhood n.
- The state of being a child; the time in which persons are children; the condition or time from infancy to puberty. [AS. cildhad; cild child + -had. See Child, and hood.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
A Conversational Poem, Written in April, 1798 is in the public domain. This text is taken from Lyrical Ballads, With a Few Other Poems (1798), Project Gutenberg ebook #9622; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: William Wordsworth, A Conversational Poem, Written in April, 1798, in Lyrical Ballads (1798), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9622, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/lyrical-ballads/a-conversational-poem-written-in-april-1798.html, id L02850.
Form and metre
A Conversational Poem, Written in April, 1798 is 111 lines in 3 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 9.7 syllables. 12 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 51% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter, other poems in blank verse.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ---------------------------------------------------------AA---------- day · slip · hues · bridge · beneath · silently · still · dim · showers · find · stars · song · bird · thought · melancholy · pierc'd · wrong · love · himself · tale · he · strain · conceit · rhyme · limbs · dell · influxes · elements · song · fame · immortality · song · itself · so · poetical · spring · still · sighs · strains · learnt · profane · love · nightingale · precipitates · notes · night · forth · soul · grove · huge · so · underwood · grass · paths · knew · near · grove · songsA · passagingsA · jug · all · harmony · almost · bushes · disclos'd · twigs · full · shade · torch
- 3 -A-B----C-A-B-----A-C-AA eve · farewellA · pleasantly · againB · babe · sound · lisp · ear · upC · wise · wellA · awoke · painB · dream · plot · once · silently · tears · wellA · heaven · upC · night · farewellA · farewellA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| No cloud, no relique of the sunken day | 10 | ···˘/··/˘· |
| Distinguishes the West, no long thin slip | 9 | ˘/˘······ |
| Of sullen Light, no obscure trembling hues. | 10 | ·/˘··˘//˘· |
| Come, we will rest on this old mossy Bridge! | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| You see the glimmer of the stream beneath, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But hear no murmuring: it flows silently | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| O’er its soft bed of verdure. All is still, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| A balmy night! and tho’ the stars be dim, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Yet let us think upon the vernal showers | 10 | ·······/˘/ |
| That gladden the green earth, and we shall find | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| A pleasure in the dimness of the stars. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| And hark! the Nightingale begins its song, | 9 | ···/˘˘/·· |
| “Most musical, most melancholy” Bird! | 9 | ·/˘·/˘·˘· |
| A melancholy Bird? O idle thought! | 10 | ·/˘·˘··/˘· |
| In nature there is nothing melancholy. | 11 | ·/˘··/˘/˘·˘ |
| --But some night-wandering Man, whose heart was pierc’d | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| With the remembrance of a grievous wrong, | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Or slow distemper or neglected love, | 10 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| (And so, poor Wretch! fill’d all things with himself | 10 | ········˘/ |
| And made all gentle sounds tell back the tale | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of his own sorrows) he and such as he | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| First nam’d these notes a melancholy strain; | 10 | ·····/˘·˘· |
| And many a poet echoes the conceit, | 10 | ·/·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Poet, who hath been building up the rhyme | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| When he had better far have stretch’d his limbs | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Beside a brook in mossy forest-dell | 10 | ˘/···/˘/˘· |
| By sun or moonlight, to the influxes | 10 | ···/···/·˘ |
| Of shapes and sounds and shifting elements | 9 | ·····/˘/˘ |
| Surrendering his whole spirit, of his song | 9 | ˘/˘··/··· |
| And of his fame forgetful! so his fame | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| Should share in nature’s immortality, | 9 | ···/˘·˘/˘ |
| A venerable thing! and so his song | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Should make all nature lovelier, and itself | 11 | ···/˘····˘/ |
| Be lov’d, like nature!--But ’twill not be so; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And youths and maidens most poetical | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| Who lose the deep’ning twilights of the spring | 10 | ·····/···· |
| In ball-rooms and hot theatres, they still | 9 | ·····/˘·· |
| Full of meek sympathy must heave their sighs | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| O’er Philomela’s pity-pleading strains. | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘/˘· |
| My Friend, and my Friend’s Sister! we have learnt | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| A different lore: we may not thus profane | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| Nature’s sweet voices always full of love | 10 | /˘·/˘/˘··· |
| And joyance! ’Tis the merry Nightingale | 9 | ·/˘··/˘/˘ |
| That crowds, and hurries, and precipitates | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| With fast thick warble his delicious notes, | 10 | ···/˘·˘/˘· |
| As he were fearful, that an April night | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Would be too short for him to utter forth | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| His love-chant, and disburthen his full soul | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| Of all its music! And I know a grove | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Of large extent, hard by a castle huge | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| Which the great lord inhabits not: and so | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| This grove is wild with tangling underwood, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| And the trim walks are broken up, and grass, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Thin grass and king-cups grow within the paths. | 10 | ·········· |
| But never elsewhere in one place I knew | 9 | ·//······ |
| So many Nightingales: and far and near | 8 | ·//˘···· |
| In wood and thicket over the wide grove | 9 | ···/˘···· |
| They answer and provoke each other’s songs-- | 10 | ·/˘·˘/·/˘· |
| With skirmish and capricious passagings, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| And murmurs musical and swift jug jug | 9 | ·/˘/˘···· |
| And one low piping sound more sweet than all-- | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Stirring the air with such an harmony, | 9 | /˘·····/˘ |
| That should you close your eyes, you might almost | 10 | ········/· |
| Forget it was not day! On moonlight bushes, | 11 | ˘/·····/·/˘ |
| Whose dewy leafits are but half disclos’d, | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| You may perchance behold them on the twigs, | 10 | ··˘/˘/···· |
| Their bright, bright eyes, their eyes both bright and full, | 10 | ·········· |
| Glistning, while many a glow-worm in the shade | 10 | ···/······ |
| Lights up her love-torch. | 5 | ····· |
| A most gentle maid | 5 | ··/˘· |
| Who dwelleth in her hospitable home | 9 | ·/˘··//˘· |
| Hard by the Castle, and at latest eve, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| (Even like a Lady vow’d and dedicate | 10 | /··/˘··/˘· |
| To something more than nature in the grove) | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| Glides thro’ the pathways; she knows all their notes, | 10 | ···/······ |
| That gentle Maid! and oft, a moment’s space, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| What time the moon was lost behind a cloud, | 10 | ·········· |
| Hath heard a pause of silence: till the Moon | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Emerging, hath awaken’d earth and sky | 10 | ˘/˘·˘/˘··· |
| With one sensation, and those wakeful Birds | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Have all burst forth in choral minstrelsy, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘˘ |
| As if one quick and sudden Gale had swept | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| An hundred airy harps! And she hath watch’d | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Many a Nightingale perch giddily | 9 | /·/˘˘·/˘˘ |
| On blosmy twig still swinging from the breeze, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| And to that motion tune his wanton song, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Like tipsy Joy that reels with tossing head. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Farewell, O Warbler! till to-morrow eve, | 10 | ·/·/˘··/˘· |
| And you, my friends! farewell, a short farewell! | 10 | ·····/···/ |
| We have been loitering long and pleasantly, | 9 | ···/˘··/˘ |
| And now for our dear homes.--That strain again! | 10 | ···/····˘/ |
| Full fain it would delay me!--My dear Babe, | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| Who, capable of no articulate sound, | 10 | ·/˘··˘/˘·· |
| Mars all things with his imitative lisp, | 10 | ·····/˘·˘· |
| How he would place his hand beside his ear, | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| His little hand, the small forefinger up, | 10 | ·/˘···/·˘· |
| And bid us listen! And I deem it wise | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| To make him Nature’s playmate. He knows well | 10 | ···/˘/···· |
| The evening star: and once when he awoke | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| In most distressful mood (some inward pain | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Had made up that strange thing, an infant’s dream) | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| I hurried with him to our orchard plot, | 10 | ·/˘···//˘· |
| And he beholds the moon, and hush’d at once | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Suspends his sobs, and laughs most silently, | 9 | ˘/·····/˘ |
| While his fair eyes that swam with undropt tears | 10 | ·········· |
| Did glitter in the yellow moon-beam! Well-- | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| It is a father’s tale. But if that Heaven | 10 | ···/˘····/ |
| Should give me life, his childhood shall grow up | 10 | ·····/···· |
| Familiar with these songs, that with the night | 10 | ˘/˘······· |
| He may associate Joy! Once more farewell, | 10 | ··˘/˘····/ |
| Sweet Nightingale! once more, my friends! farewell. | 9 | ·/˘·····/ |
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