To the City of Nan-king

Various (about 750), translated by L. Cranmer-Byng · 1909

iambic pentameter · ABBA · 12 lines · from A Lute of Jade

Thou that hast seen six kingdoms pass away,Accept my song and these three cups I drain!There may be fairer gardens light the plain;Thine are the dim blue hills more fair than they.

Here Kings of Wu were crowned and overthrown,Where peaceful grass along the ruin wins;Here -- was it yesterday? -- the royal TsinsCalled down the dreams of sunset into stone.

One end awaits for all that mortal be;Pride and despair shall find a common grave:The Yang-tse-kiang renders wave and waveTo mingle with the abysms of the sea.

Words in this poem

hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
yang n.
The cry of the wild goose; a honk. [Of imitative origin.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To the City of Nan-king is in the public domain. This text is taken from A Lute of Jade, Project Gutenberg ebook #390, the L. Cranmer-Byng translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Various, To the City of Nan-king, in A Lute of Jade (1909), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #390, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/lute-of-jade/to-the-city-of-nan-king.html, id L15576.

Form and metre

To the City of Nan-king is 12 lines in 3 stanzas of 4 lines each. Every stanza rhymes ABBA. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 96% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 17% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABBA awayA · drainB · plainB · theyA
  2. 2 ABBA overthrownA · winsB · tsinsB · stoneA
  3. 3 ABBA beA · graveB · waveB · seaA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Thou that hast seen six kingdoms pass away,10·····/˘·˘/
Accept my song and these three cups I drain!10˘/········
There may be fairer gardens light the plain;10···/˘/˘···
Thine are the dim blue hills more fair than they.10··········
Here Kings of Wu were crowned and overthrown,10········˘/
Where peaceful grass along the ruin wins;10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
Here -- was it yesterday? -- the royal Tsins10···/˘··/˘·
Called down the dreams of sunset into stone.10·····/····
One end awaits for all that mortal be;10··˘/···/˘·
Pride and despair shall find a common grave:10··˘/···/˘·
The Yang-tse-kiang renders wave and wave10···˘//˘···
To mingle with the abysms of the sea.10·/˘·······

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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