The Peace-Pipe

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) · 1839–1882

trochaic tetrameter · unrhymed · 163 lines · from The Complete Poetical Works

On the Mountains of the Prairie,On the great Red Pipe-stone Quarry,Gitche Manito, the mighty,He the Master of Life, descending,On the red crags of the quarryStood erect, and called the nations,Called the tribes of men together.From his footprints flowed a river,Leaped into the light of morning,O'er the precipice plunging downwardGleamed like Ishkoodah, the comet.And the Spirit, stooping earthward,With his finger on the meadowTraced a winding pathway for it,Saying to it, "Run in this way!"From the red stone of the quarryWith his hand he broke a fragment,Moulded it into a pipe-head,Shaped and fashioned it with figures;From the margin of the riverTook a long reed for a pipe-stem,With its dark green leaves upon it;Filled the pipe with bark of willow,With the bark of the red willow;Breathed upon the neighboring forest,Made its great boughs chafe together,Till in flame they burst and kindled;And erect upon the mountains,Gitche Manito, the mighty,Smoked the calumet, the Peace-Pipe,As a signal to the nations.And the smoke rose slowly, slowly,Through the tranquil air of morning,First a single line of darkness,Then a denser, bluer vapor,Then a snow-white cloud unfolding,Like the tree-tops of the forest,Ever rising, rising, rising,Till it touched the top of heaven,Till it broke against the heaven,And rolled outward all around it.From the Vale of Tawasentha,From the Valley of Wyoming,From the groves of Tuscaloosa,From the far-off Rocky Mountains,From the Northern lakes and riversAll the tribes beheld the signal,Saw the distant smoke ascending,The Pukwana of the Peace-Pipe.And the Prophets of the nationsSaid: "Behold it, the Pukwana!By the signal of the Peace-Pipe,Bending like a wand of willow,Waving like a hand that beckons,Gitche Manito, the mighty,Calls the tribes of men together,Calls the warriors to his council!"Down the rivers, o'er the prairies,Came the warriors of the nations,Came the Delawares and Mohawks,Came the Choctaws and Camanches,Came the Shoshonies and Blackfeet,Came the Pawnees and Omahas,Came the Mandans and Dacotahs,Came the Hurons and Ojibways,All the warriors drawn togetherBy the signal of the Peace-Pipe,To the Mountains of the Prairie,To the great Red Pipe-stone Quarry.And they stood there on the meadow,With their weapons and their war-gear,Painted like the leaves of Autumn,Painted like the sky of morning,Wildly glaring at each other;In their faces stern defiance,In their hearts the feuds of ages,The hereditary hatred,The ancestral thirst of vengeance.Gitche Manito, the mighty,The creator of the nations,Looked upon them with compassion,With paternal love and pity;Looked upon their wrath and wranglingBut as quarrels among children,But as feuds and fights of children!Over them he stretched his right hand,To subdue their stubborn natures,To allay their thirst and fever,By the shadow of his right hand;Spake to them with voice majesticAs the sound of far-off waters,Falling into deep abysses,Warning, chiding, spake in this wise:--"O my children! my poor children!Listen to the words of wisdom,Listen to the words of warning,From the lips of the Great Spirit,From the Master of Life, who made you!"I have given you lands to hunt in,I have given you streams to fish in,I have given you bear and bison,I have given you roe and reindeer,I have given you brant and beaver,Filled the marshes full of wild-fowl,Filled the rivers full of fishes:Why then are you not contented?Why then will you hunt each other?"I am weary of your quarrels,Weary of your wars and bloodshed,Weary of your prayers for vengeance,Of your wranglings and dissensions;All your strength is in your union,All your danger is in discord;Therefore be at peace henceforward,And as brothers live together."I will send a Prophet to you,A Deliverer of the nations,Who shall guide you and shall teach you,Who shall toil and suffer with you.If you listen to his counsels,You will multiply and prosper;If his warnings pass unheeded,You will fade away and perish!"Bathe now in the stream before you,Wash the war-paint from your faces,Wash the blood-stains from your fingers,Bury your war-clubs and your weapons,Break the red stone from this quarry,Mould and make it into Peace-Pipes,Take the reeds that grow beside you,Deck them with your brightest feathers,Smoke the calumet together,And as brothers live henceforward!"Then upon the ground the warriorsThrew their cloaks and shirts of deer-skin,Threw their weapons and their war-gear,Leaped into the rushing river,Washed the war-paint from their faces.Clear above them flowed the water,Clear and limpid from the footprintsOf the Master of Life descending;Dark below them flowed the water,Soiled and stained with streaks of crimson,As if blood were mingled with it!From the river came the warriors,Clean and washed from all their war-paint;On the banks their clubs they buried,Buried all their warlike weapons.Gitche Manito, the mighty,The Great Spirit, the creator,Smiled upon his helpless children!And in silence all the warriorsBroke the red stone of the quarry,Smoothed and formed it into Peace-Pipes,Broke the long reeds by the river,Decked them with their brightest feathers,And departed each one homeward,While the Master of Life, ascending,Through the opening of cloud-curtains,Through the doorways of the heaven,Vanished from before their faces,In the smoke that rolled around him,The Pukwana of the Peace-Pipe!

Words in this poem 18
manito n.
A name given by tribes of American Indians to a great spirit, whether good or evil, or to any object of worship. Tylor.
precipice n.
A sudden or headlong fall. Fuller. [F. précipice, L. praecipitium, fr. praeceps, - cipitis, headlong; prae before + caput, capitis, the head. See Pre-, and Chief.]
earthward adv.
Toward the earth; -- opposed to heavenward or skyward.
pathway n.
A footpath; a beaten track; any path or course. Also used figuratively.
broke v. i.
To transact business for another. Brome. [See Broker, and cf. Brook.]
calumet n.
A kind of pipe, used by the North American Indians for smoking tobacco. The bowl is usually made of soft red stone, and the tube is a long reed often ornamented with feathers. [F. calumet, fr. L. calamus reed. See Halm, and cf. Shawm.]
vale n.
A tract of low ground, or of land between hills; a valley. [OE. val, F. val, L. vallis; perhaps akin to Gr. Avalanche, Vail to lower, Valley.]
delawares n.
A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the valley of the Delaware River, but now mostly located in the Indian Territory.
blackfeet n.
A tribe of North American Indians formerly inhabiting the country from the upper Missouri River to the Saskatchewan, but now much reduced in numbers.
omahas n.
A tribe of Indians who inhabited the south side of the Missouri River. They are now partly civilized and occupy a reservation in Nebraska.
glaring a.
Clear; notorious; open and bold; barefaced; as, a glaring crime.
brant n.
A species of wild goose (Branta bernicla) -- called also brent and brand goose. The name is also applied to other related species. [Cf.Brand goose, Brent, Brenicle.]
henceforward adv.
From this time forward; henceforth.
deliverer n.
One who delivers or rescues; a preserver.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
prosper v. t.
To favor; to render successful. [F. prospérer v. i., or L. prosperare, v. i., or L. prosperare, v. t., fr. prosper or prosperus. See Prosperous.]
mould n.
Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]
homeward a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Peace-Pipe is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Project Gutenberg ebook #1365; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Peace-Pipe, in The Complete Poetical Works (1839–1882), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1365, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-poems/the-peace-pipe.html, id L17579.

Form and metre

The Peace-Pipe is 163 lines in a single verse paragraph. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 90% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.3 syllables. 117 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 8% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ---------ABA-B----------------------------------------------------------------------------CCC------------D--D---EE------------------------------------------------- prairie · quarry · mighty · descending · quarry · nations · together · river · morning · downwardA · cometB · earthwardA · meadow · itB · way · quarry · fragment · head · figures · river · stem · it · willow · willow · forest · together · kindled · mountains · mighty · pipe · nations · slowly · morning · darkness · vapor · unfolding · forest · rising · heaven · heaven · it · tawasentha · wyoming · tuscaloosa · mountains · rivers · signal · ascending · pipe · nations · pukwana · pipe · willow · beckons · mighty · together · council · prairies · nations · mohawks · camanches · blackfeet · omahas · dacotahs · ojibways · together · pipe · prairie · quarry · meadow · gear · autumn · morning · other · defiance · ages · hatred · vengeance · mighty · nations · compassion · pity · wrangling · children · children · hand · natures · fever · hand · majestic · watersC · abyssesC · wiseC · children · wisdom · warning · spirit · you · in · in · bison · reindeer · beaver · fowl · fishes · contentedD · other · quarrels · bloodshedD · vengeance · dissensions · union · discordE · henceforwardE · together · you · nations · you · you · counsels · prosper · unheeded · perish · you · faces · fingers · weapons · quarry · pipes · you · feathers · together · henceforward · warriors · skin · gear · river · faces · water · footprints · descending · water · crimson · it · warriors · paint · buried · weapons · mighty · creator · children · warriors · quarry · pipes · river · feathers · homeward · ascending · curtains · heaven · faces · him · pipe
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
On the Mountains of the Prairie,8··/˘··/˘
On the great Red Pipe-stone Quarry,8······/˘
Gitche Manito, the mighty,7·····/˘
He the Master of Life, descending,9··/˘··˘/˘
On the red crags of the quarry8······/˘
Stood erect, and called the nations,8·˘/···/˘
Called the tribes of men together.8·····˘/˘
From his footprints flowed a river,8··/···/˘
Leaped into the light of morning,8······/˘
O'er the precipice plunging downward9··/˘˘/˘/˘
Gleamed like Ishkoodah, the comet.8······/˘
And the Spirit, stooping earthward,8··/˘/˘··
With his finger on the meadow8··/˘··/·
Traced a winding pathway for it,8··/˘/···
Saying to it, "Run in this way!"8/˘······
From the red stone of the quarry8······/˘
With his hand he broke a fragment,8······/˘
Moulded it into a pipe-head,8/˘······
Shaped and fashioned it with figures;8··/˘··/˘
From the margin of the river8··/˘··/˘
Took a long reed for a pipe-stem,8········
With its dark green leaves upon it;8········
Filled the pipe with bark of willow,8······/·
With the bark of the red willow;8······/·
Breathed upon the neighboring forest,9····/˘˘/˘
Made its great boughs chafe together,8·····˘/˘
Till in flame they burst and kindled;8······/˘
And erect upon the mountains,8·˘/···/˘
Gitche Manito, the mighty,7·····/˘
Smoked the calumet, the Peace-Pipe,8···˘/···
As a signal to the nations.8··/˘··/˘
And the smoke rose slowly, slowly,8····/˘/˘
Through the tranquil air of morning,8··/˘··/˘
First a single line of darkness,8··/˘··/˘
Then a denser, bluer vapor,8··/˘/˘/˘
Then a snow-white cloud unfolding,8·····˘/˘
Like the tree-tops of the forest,8······/˘
Ever rising, rising, rising,8/˘/˘/˘/˘
Till it touched the top of heaven,8······/˘
Till it broke against the heaven,8······/˘
And rolled outward all around it.8··/˘····
From the Vale of Tawasentha,8········
From the Valley of Wyoming,8··/˘··/˘
From the groves of Tuscaloosa,8·····˘/˘
From the far-off Rocky Mountains,8····/˘/˘
From the Northern lakes and rivers8··/˘··/˘
All the tribes beheld the signal,8···˘/·/˘
Saw the distant smoke ascending,8··/˘·˘/˘
The Pukwana of the Peace-Pipe.8········
And the Prophets of the nations8··/˘··/˘
Said: "Behold it, the Pukwana!8·˘/·····
By the signal of the Peace-Pipe,8··/˘····
Bending like a wand of willow,8/˘····/·
Waving like a hand that beckons,8/˘····/˘
Gitche Manito, the mighty,7·····/˘
Calls the tribes of men together,8·····˘/˘
Calls the warriors to his council!"9··/˘˘··/˘
Down the rivers, o'er the prairies,8··/˘··/˘
Came the warriors of the nations,9··/˘˘··/˘
Came the Delawares and Mohawks,8··/˘··/·
Came the Choctaws and Camanches,8··/˘····
Came the Shoshonies and Blackfeet,7·····/˘
Came the Pawnees and Omahas,8··//·/˘·
Came the Mandans and Dacotahs,8·····˘/˘
Came the Hurons and Ojibways,8··/··˘/˘
All the warriors drawn together9··/˘˘·˘/˘
By the signal of the Peace-Pipe,8··/˘····
To the Mountains of the Prairie,8··/˘··/˘
To the great Red Pipe-stone Quarry.8······/˘
And they stood there on the meadow,8······/·
With their weapons and their war-gear,8··/˘····
Painted like the leaves of Autumn,8/˘····/˘
Painted like the sky of morning,8/˘····/˘
Wildly glaring at each other;8/˘/˘··/˘
In their faces stern defiance,8··/˘·˘/˘
In their hearts the feuds of ages,8······/˘
The hereditary hatred,8·˘/˘·˘/˘
The ancestral thirst of vengeance.8·˘/˘··/˘
Gitche Manito, the mighty,7·····/˘
The creator of the nations,8·˘/˘··/˘
Looked upon them with compassion,8·····˘/˘
With paternal love and pity;8·˘/˘··/˘
Looked upon their wrath and wrangling9······/˘˘
But as quarrels among children,8··/˘··/˘
But as feuds and fights of children!8······/˘
Over them he stretched his right hand,8········
To subdue their stubborn natures,8·˘/·/˘/˘
To allay their thirst and fever,8·˘/···/˘
By the shadow of his right hand;8··/·····
Spake to them with voice majestic8·····˘/˘
As the sound of far-off waters,8······/˘
Falling into deep abysses,8/˘···˘/˘
Warning, chiding, spake in this wise:--8/˘/˘····
"O my children! my poor children!8··/˘··/˘
Listen to the words of wisdom,8/˘····/˘
Listen to the words of warning,8/˘····/˘
From the lips of the Great Spirit,8······/˘
From the Master of Life, who made you!9··/˘·····
"I have given you lands to hunt in,8··/·····
I have given you streams to fish in,8··/·····
I have given you bear and bison,9··/˘···/˘
I have given you roe and reindeer,8··/···/·
I have given you brant and beaver,9··/˘···/˘
Filled the marshes full of wild-fowl,8··/˘····
Filled the rivers full of fishes:8··/˘··/˘
Why then are you not contented?8·····˘/˘
Why then will you hunt each other?8······/˘
"I am weary of your quarrels,8··/˘··/˘
Weary of your wars and bloodshed,8/˘····/·
Weary of your prayers for vengeance,8/˘····/˘
Of your wranglings and dissensions;9··/˘˘·˘/˘
All your strength is in your union,8······/˘
All your danger is in discord;8··/˘··/˘
Therefore be at peace henceforward,9·········
And as brothers live together.8··/˘·˘/˘
"I will send a Prophet to you,8····/˘··
A Deliverer of the nations,9·˘/˘˘··/˘
Who shall guide you and shall teach you,8········
Who shall toil and suffer with you.8····/˘··
If you listen to his counsels,8··/˘··/˘
You will multiply and prosper;8··/˘··/˘
If his warnings pass unheeded,8··/˘·˘/˘
You will fade away and perish!8···˘/·/˘
"Bathe now in the stream before you,8········
Wash the war-paint from your faces,8······/˘
Wash the blood-stains from your fingers,8······/˘
Bury your war-clubs and your weapons,9/˘·····/˘
Break the red stone from this quarry,8······/˘
Mould and make it into Peace-Pipes,8········
Take the reeds that grow beside you,8·····˘/·
Deck them with your brightest feathers,8····/˘/˘
Smoke the calumet together,8···˘/˘/˘
And as brothers live henceforward!"9··/˘·····
Then upon the ground the warriors9······/˘˘
Threw their cloaks and shirts of deer-skin,8········
Threw their weapons and their war-gear,8··/˘····
Leaped into the rushing river,8····/˘/˘
Washed the war-paint from their faces.8······/˘
Clear above them flowed the water,8······/˘
Clear and limpid from the footprints8··/˘··/·
Of the Master of Life descending;9··/˘··˘/˘
Dark below them flowed the water,8······/˘
Soiled and stained with streaks of crimson,8······/˘
As if blood were mingled with it!8····/˘··
From the river came the warriors,9··/˘··/˘˘
Clean and washed from all their war-paint;8········
On the banks their clubs they buried,8······/˘
Buried all their warlike weapons.8/˘··/·/˘
Gitche Manito, the mighty,7·····/˘
The Great Spirit, the creator,8··/˘·˘/˘
Smiled upon his helpless children!8····/˘/˘
And in silence all the warriors9··/˘··/˘˘
Broke the red stone of the quarry,8······/˘
Smoothed and formed it into Peace-Pipes,8········
Broke the long reeds by the river,8······/˘
Decked them with their brightest feathers,8····/˘/˘
And departed each one homeward,8·˘/˘··/˘
While the Master of Life, ascending,9··/˘··˘/˘
Through the opening of cloud-curtains,9··/˘˘··/˘
Through the doorways of the heaven,8··/···/˘
Vanished from before their faces,8/˘····/˘
In the smoke that rolled around him,8········
The Pukwana of the Peace-Pipe!8········

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