The Jewish Cemetery at Newport

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) · 1839–1882

iambic pentameter · ABAB · 60 lines · from The Complete Poetical Works

How strange it seems! These Hebrews in their graves,Close by the street of this fair seaport town,Silent beside the never-silent waves,At rest in all this moving up and down!

The trees are white with dust, that o'er their sleepWave their broad curtains in the south-wind's breath,While underneath such leafy tents they keepThe long, mysterious Exodus of Death.

And these sepulchral stones, so old and brown,That pave with level flags their burial-place,Seem like the tablets of the Law, thrown downAnd broken by Moses at the mountain's base.

The very names recorded here are strange,Of foreign accent, and of different climes;Alvares and Rivera interchangeWith Abraham and Jacob of old times.

"Blessed be God! for he created Death!"The mourners said, "and Death is rest and peace";Then added, in the certainty of faith,"And giveth Life that never more shall cease."

Closed are the portals of their Synagogue,No Psalms of David now the silence break,No Rabbi reads the ancient DecalogueIn the grand dialect the Prophets spake.

Gone are the living, but the dead remain,And not neglected; for a hand unseen,Scattering its bounty, like a summer rain,Still keeps their graves and their remembrance green.

How came they here? What burst of Christian hate,What persecution, merciless and blind,Drove o'er the sea--that desert desolate--These Ishmaels and Hagars of mankind?

They lived in narrow streets and lanes obscure,Ghetto and Judenstrass, in mirk and mire;Taught in the school of patience to endureThe life of anguish and the death of fire.

All their lives long, with the unleavened breadAnd bitter herbs of exile and its fears,The wasting famine of the heart they fed,And slaked its thirst with marah of their tears.

Anathema maranatha! was the cryThat rang from town to town, from street to street;At every gate the accursed MordecaiWas mocked and jeered, and spurned by Christian feet.

Pride and humiliation hand in handWalked with them through the world where'er they went;Trampled and beaten were they as the sand,And yet unshaken as the continent.

For in the background figures vague and vastOf patriarchs and of prophets rose sublime,And all the great traditions of the PastThey saw reflected in the coming time.

And thus for ever with reverted lookThe mystic volume of the world they read,Spelling it backward, like a Hebrew book,Till life became a Legend of the Dead.

But ah! what once has been shall be no more!The groaning earth in travail and in painBrings forth its races, but does not restore,And the dead nations never rise again.

Words in this poem 16
pave n.
The pavement. Nymphe du pavé ([A low euphemism.] [F., from paver to pave. See Pave.]
burial n.
A grave; a tomb; a place of sepulture. [OE. buriel, buriels, grave, tomb, AS. byrgels, fr. byrgan to bury, and akin to OS. burgisli sepulcher.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
synagogue n.
A congregation or assembly of Jews met for the purpose of worship, or the performance of religious rites. [F., from L. synagoga, Gr. Syn-, and Agent.]
rabbi n.
Master; lord; teacher; -- a Jewish title of respect or honor for a teacher or doctor of the law.
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
bounty n.
Goodness, kindness; virtue; worth. [OE. bounte goodness, kindness, F. bonté, fr. L. bonitas, fr. bonus good, for older duonus; cf. Skr. duvas honor, respect.]
drove n.
A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]
ghetto n.
The Jews'quarter in an Italian town or city. [It.]
mirk a.
Dark; gloomy; murky. Spenser. Mrs. Browning. [See Murky.]
famine n.
General scarcity of food; dearth; a want of provisions; destitution. [F. famine, fr. L. fames hunger; cf. Gr. hani loss, lack, ha to leave.]
anathema n.
A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, and accompanied by excommunication. Hence: Denunciation of anything as accursed. [L. anath, fr. Gr. anath, fr. Gr. Thesis.]
humiliation n.
The act of humiliating or humbling; abasement of pride; mortification. Bp. Hopkins. [L. humiliatio: cf. F. humiliation.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
continent a.
Serving to restrain or limit; restraining; opposing. [L. continens, -entis, prop., p. pr. of continere to hold together, to repress: cf. F. continent. See Contain.]
reverted a.
Turned back; reversed. Specifically: (Her.) Bent or curved twice, in opposite directions, or in the form of an S.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Jewish Cemetery at Newport is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Project Gutenberg ebook #1365; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Jewish Cemetery at Newport, in The Complete Poetical Works (1839–1882), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1365, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-poems/the-jewish-cemetery-at-newport.html, id L17624.

Form and metre

The Jewish Cemetery at Newport is 60 lines in 15 stanzas of 4 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, complete in 14 of its 15 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 3 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 23% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAB gravesA · townB · wavesA · downB
  2. 2 ABAB sleepA · breathB · keepA · deathB
  3. 3 ABAB brownA · placeB · downA · baseB
  4. 4 ABAB strangeA · climesB · interchangeA · timesB
  5. 5 -A-A death · peaceA · faith · ceaseA
  6. 6 ABAB synagogueA · breakB · decalogueA · spakeB
  7. 7 ABAB remainA · unseenB · rainA · greenB
  8. 8 ABAB hateA · blindB · desolateA · mankindB
  9. 9 ABAB obscureA · mireB · endureA · fireB
  10. 10 ABAB breadA · fearsB · fedA · tearsB
  11. 11 ABAB cryA · streetB · mordecaiA · feetB
  12. 12 ABAB handA · wentB · sandA · continentB
  13. 13 ABAB vastA · sublimeB · pastA · timeB
  14. 14 ABAB lookA · readB · bookA · deadB
  15. 15 ABAB moreA · painB · restoreA · againB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
How strange it seems! These Hebrews in their graves,10·····/˘···
Close by the street of this fair seaport town,10·······/··
Silent beside the never-silent waves,10/˘˘/·/˘/˘·
At rest in all this moving up and down!10·····/˘···
The trees are white with dust, that o'er their sleep10··········
Wave their broad curtains in the south-wind's breath,10···/˘·····
While underneath such leafy tents they keep10··˘/·/˘···
The long, mysterious Exodus of Death.10··˘/˘/˘˘··
And these sepulchral stones, so old and brown,10··˘/˘·····
That pave with level flags their burial-place,10···/˘··/˘·
Seem like the tablets of the Law, thrown down10···/˘·····
And broken by Moses at the mountain's base.11·/˘·/˘··/˘·
The very names recorded here are strange,10·/˘·˘/˘···
Of foreign accent, and of different climes;10·/˘/···/˘·
Alvares and Rivera interchange10˘/˘·˘/˘·˘/
With Abraham and Jacob of old times.10·/˘··/˘···
"Blessed be God! for he created Death!"10·˘····˘/˘·
The mourners said, "and Death is rest and peace";10·/˘·······
Then added, in the certainty of faith,10·/˘··/˘˘··
"And giveth Life that never more shall cease."10·/˘··/˘···
Closed are the portals of their Synagogue,10···/˘··/˘·
No Psalms of David now the silence break,10···/˘··/˘·
No Rabbi reads the ancient Decalogue10·/···/˘/˘˘
In the grand dialect the Prophets spake.10···/˘··/˘·
Gone are the living, but the dead remain,10···/˘···˘/
And not neglected; for a hand unseen,10··˘/˘···˘/
Scattering its bounty, like a summer rain,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Still keeps their graves and their remembrance green.10······˘/˘·
How came they here? What burst of Christian hate,10·······/˘·
What persecution, merciless and blind,10··˘/˘/˘˘··
Drove o'er the sea--that desert desolate--10·····/˘/˘·
These Ishmaels and Hagars of mankind?9·/˘·/˘·//
They lived in narrow streets and lanes obscure,10···/˘···˘/
Ghetto and Judenstrass, in mirk and mire;10/˘········
Taught in the school of patience to endure10·····/˘·˘/
The life of anguish and the death of fire.11···/˘····/˘
All their lives long, with the unleavened bread10······˘/˘·
And bitter herbs of exile and its fears,10·/˘··/····
The wasting famine of the heart they fed,10·/˘/˘·····
And slaked its thirst with marah of their tears.10··········
Anathema maranatha! was the cry10˘/˘·······
That rang from town to town, from street to street;10··········
At every gate the accursed Mordecai10·/˘····/˘·
Was mocked and jeered, and spurned by Christian feet.10·······/˘·
Pride and humiliation hand in hand10··˘·˘/˘···
Walked with them through the world where'er they went;11······˘˘/··
Trampled and beaten were they as the sand,10/˘·/˘·····
And yet unshaken as the continent.10··˘/˘··/˘˘
For in the background figures vague and vast10···/·/˘···
Of patriarchs and of prophets rose sublime,11·/˘···/˘·˘/
And all the great traditions of the Past10····˘/˘···
They saw reflected in the coming time.10··˘/˘··/˘·
And thus for ever with reverted look10···/˘·˘/˘·
The mystic volume of the world they read,10·/˘/˘·····
Spelling it backward, like a Hebrew book,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Till life became a Legend of the Dead.10··˘/·/˘···
But ah! what once has been shall be no more!10··········
The groaning earth in travail and in pain10·/˘··˘/···
Brings forth its races, but does not restore,10···/˘···˘/
And the dead nations never rise again.10···/˘/˘·˘/

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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