The Bridge

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) · 1839–1882

common measure · 60 lines · from The Complete Poetical Works

I stood on the bridge at midnight,As the clocks were striking the hour,And the moon rose o'er the city,Behind the dark church-tower.

I saw her bright reflectionIn the waters under me,Like a golden goblet fallingAnd sinking into the sea.

And far in the hazy distanceOf that lovely night in June,The blaze of the flaming furnaceGleamed redder than the moon.

Among the long, black raftersThe wavering shadows lay,And the current that came from the oceanSeemed to lift and bear them away;

As, sweeping and eddying through them,Rose the belated tide,And, streaming into the moonlight,The seaweed floated wide.

And like those waters rushingAmong the wooden piers,A flood of thoughts came o'er meThat filled my eyes with tears.

How often, oh, how often,In the days that had gone by,I had stood on that bridge at midnightAnd gazed on that wave and sky!

How often, oh, how often,I had wished that the ebbing tideWould bear me away on its bosomO'er the ocean wild and wide!

For my heart was hot and restless,And my life was full of care,And the burden laid upon meSeemed greater than I could bear.

But now it has fallen from me,It is buried in the sea;And only the sorrow of othersThrows its shadow over me.

Yet whenever I cross the riverOn its bridge with wooden piers,Like the odor of brine from the oceanComes the thought of other years.

And I think how many thousandsOf care-encumbered men,Each bearing his burden of sorrow,Have crossed the bridge since then.

I see the long processionStill passing to and fro,The young heart hot and restless,And the old subdued and slow!

And forever and forever,As long as the river flows,As long as the heart has passions,As long as life has woes;

The moon and its broken reflectionAnd its shadows shall appear,As the symbol of love in heaven,And its wavering image here.

Words in this poem

hazy a.
Thick with haze; somewhat obscured with haze; not clear or transparent. [From Haze, n.]
belated a.
Delayed beyond the usual time; too late; overtaken by night; benighted.
streaming a.
Sending forth streams.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Bridge is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Poetical Works of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Project Gutenberg ebook #1365; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, The Bridge, in The Complete Poetical Works (1839–1882), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #1365, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/longfellow-poems/the-bridge.html, id L17532.

Form and metre

The Bridge is 60 lines in 15 stanzas of 4 lines each. The metre is common measure, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 82%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.5 syllables. 25 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 30% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in common measure.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -A-A midnight · hourA · city · towerA
  2. 2 -A-A reflection · meA · falling · seaA
  3. 3 -A-A distance · juneA · furnace · moonA
  4. 4 -A-A rafters · layA · ocean · awayA
  5. 5 -A-A them · tideA · moonlight · wideA
  6. 6 -A-A rushing · piersA · me · tearsA
  7. 7 -A-A often · byA · midnight · skyA
  8. 8 -A-A often · tideA · bosom · wideA
  9. 9 -A-A restless · careA · me · bearA
  10. 10 AA-A meA · seaA · others · meA
  11. 11 -A-A river · piersA · ocean · yearsA
  12. 12 -A-A thousands · menA · sorrow · thenA
  13. 13 -A-A procession · froA · restless · slowA
  14. 14 -A-A forever · flowsA · passions · woesA
  15. 15 -A-A reflection · appearA · heaven · hereA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against common measure. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
I stood on the bridge at midnight,8······/·
As the clocks were striking the hour,9····/˘·/˘
And the moon rose o'er the city,8······/˘
Behind the dark church-tower.7·····/˘
I saw her bright reflection7····˘/˘
In the waters under me,7··/˘···
Like a golden goblet falling8··/˘/˘/˘
And sinking into the sea.7·/˘····
And far in the hazy distance8····/˘/˘
Of that lovely night in June,7··/˘···
The blaze of the flaming furnace8····/˘/˘
Gleamed redder than the moon.7·˘/˘···
Among the long, black rafters7·····/˘
The wavering shadows lay,7·/˘˘/··
And the current that came from the ocean9··/˘····/
Seemed to lift and bear them away;8······˘/
As, sweeping and eddying through them,8·/˘·/˘··
Rose the belated tide,6··˘/˘·
And, streaming into the moonlight,8·/˘···/·
The seaweed floated wide.6·/·/˘·
And like those waters rushing7···/˘/˘
Among the wooden piers,6···/˘·
A flood of thoughts came o'er me7·······
That filled my eyes with tears.7··˘····
How often, oh, how often,7·/˘··/˘
In the days that had gone by,7·······
I had stood on that bridge at midnight9·······/·
And gazed on that wave and sky!8··˘·····
How often, oh, how often,7·/˘··/˘
I had wished that the ebbing tide8·····/˘·
Would bear me away on its bosom9···˘/··/˘
O'er the ocean wild and wide!7··/˘···
For my heart was hot and restless,8······/˘
And my life was full of care,7·······
And the burden laid upon me8··/˘····
Seemed greater than I could bear.8·˘/˘····
But now it has fallen from me,8····/˘··
It is buried in the sea;7··/˘···
And only the sorrow of others9·/˘·/˘·/˘
Throws its shadow over me.7··/····
Yet whenever I cross the river9·˘/˘···/˘
On its bridge with wooden piers,7····/˘·
Like the odor of brine from the ocean9··/˘····/
Comes the thought of other years.7····/˘·
And I think how many thousands8····/˘/˘
Of care-encumbered men,7··˘/˘˘·
Each bearing his burden of sorrow,9·/˘·/˘·/˘
Have crossed the bridge since then.7··˘····
I see the long procession7····˘/˘
Still passing to and fro,6·/˘···
The young heart hot and restless,7·····/˘
And the old subdued and slow!8···˘/˘··
And forever and forever,8·˘/˘·˘/˘
As long as the river flows,7····/˘·
As long as the heart has passions,8······/˘
As long as life has woes;6······
The moon and its broken reflection9····/˘˘/˘
And its shadows shall appear,7··/··˘/
As the symbol of love in heaven,9··/˘···/˘
And its wavering image here.8··/˘˘/˘·

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