Book XII: The Raven, the Gazelle, the Tortoise, and the Rat
A temple I reserved you in my rhyme:It might not be completed but with time.Already its endurance I had groundedUpon this charming art, divinely founded;And on the name of that divinityFor whom its adoration was to be.These words I should have written o'er its gate--TO IRIS IS THIS PALACE CONSECRATE;Not her who served the queen divine;For Juno's self, and he who crown'd her bliss,Had thought it for their dignity, I wis,To bear the messages of mine.Within the dome the apotheosisShould greet th' enraptured sight--All heaven, in pomp and order meet,Conducting Iris to her seatBeneath a canopy of light!The walls would amply serve to paint her life,--A matter sweet, indeed, but little rifeIn those events, which, order'd by the Fates,Cause birth, or change, or overthrow of states.The innermost should hold her image,--Her features, smiles, attractions there,--Her art of pleasing without care,--Her loveliness, that's sure of homage.Some mortals, kneeling at her feet,--Earth's noblest heroes,--should be seen;Ay, demigods, and even gods, I ween:(The worshipp'd of the world thinks meet,Sometimes her altar to perfume.)Her eyes, so far as that might be,Her soul's rich jewel should illume;Alas! but how imperfectly!For could a heart that throbb'd to blessIts friends with boundless tenderness,--Or could that heaven-descended mindWhich, in its matchless beauty, join'dThe strength of man with woman's grace,--Be given to sculptor to express?O Iris, who canst charm the soul--Nay, bind it with supreme control,--Whom as myself I can but love,--(Nay, not that word: as I'm a man,Your court has placed it under ban,And we'll dismiss it,) pray approveMy filling up this hasty plan!This sketch has here received a place,A simple anecdote to grace,Where friendship shows so sweet a face,That in its features you may findSomewhat accordant to your mind.Not that the tale may kings beseem;But he who winneth your esteemIs not a monarch placed aboveThe need and influence of love,But simple mortal, void of crown,That would for friends his life lay down--Than which I know no friendlier act.Four animals, in league compact,Are now to give our noble raceA useful lesson in the case.
Rat, raven, tortoise, and gazelle,Once into firmest friendship fell.'Twas in a home unknown to manThat they their happiness began.But safe from man there's no retreat:Pierce you the loneliest wood,Or dive beneath the deepest flood,Or mount you where the eagles brood,--His secret ambuscade you meet.The light gazelle, in harmless play,Amused herself abroad one day,When, by mischance, her track was foundAnd follow'd by the baying hound--That barbarous tool of barbarous man--From which far, far away she ran.At meal-time to the othersThe rat observed,--'My brothers,How happens it that weAre met to-day but three?Is Miss Gazelle so little steady?Hath she forgotten us already?'Out cried the tortoise at the word,--'Were I, as Raven is, a bird,I'd fly this instant from my seat,And learn what accident, and where,Hath kept away our sister fair,--Our sister of the flying feet;For of her heart, dear rat,It were a shame to doubt of that.'The raven flew;He spied afar,--the face he knew,--The poor gazelle entangled in a snare,In anguish vainly floundering there.Straight back he turn'd, and gave the alarm;For to have ask'd the sufferer now,The why and wherefore, when and how,She had incurr'd so great a harm,--And lose in vain debateThe turning-point of fate,As would the master of a school,--He was by no means such a fool.On tidings of so sad a pith,The three their council held forthwith.By two it was the voteTo hasten to the spotWhere lay the poor gazelle.'Our friend here in his shell,I think, will do as wellTo guard the house,' the raven said;'For, with his creeping pace,When would he reach the place?Not till the deer were dead.'Eschewing more debate,They flew to aid their mate,That luckless mountain roe.The tortoise, too, resolved to go.Behold him plodding on behind,And plainly cursing in his mind,The fate that left his legs to lack,And glued his dwelling to his back.The snare was cut by Rongemail,(For so the rat they rightly hail).Conceive their joy yourself you may.Just then the hunter came that way,And, 'Who hath filch'd my prey?'Cried he, upon the spotWhere now his prey was not.--A hole hid Rongemail;A tree the bird as well;The woods, the free gazelle.The hunter, well nigh mad,To find no inkling could be had,Espied the tortoise in his path,And straightway check'd his wrath.'Why let my courage flag,Because my snare has chanced to miss?I'll have a supper out of this.'He said, and put it in his bag.And it had paid the forfeit so,Had not the raven told the roe,Who from her covert came,Pretending to be lame.The man, right eager to pursue,Aside his wallet threw,Which Rongemail took careTo serve as he had done the snare;Thus putting to an endThe hunter's supper on his friend.'Tis thus sage Pilpay's tale I follow.Were I the ward of golden-hair'd Apollo,It were, by favour of that god, easy--And surely for your sake--As long a tale to makeAs is the Iliad or Odyssey.Grey Rongemail the hero's part should play,Though each would be as needful in his way.He of the mansion portable awokeSir Raven by the words he spoke,To act the spy, and then the swift express.The light gazelle alone had had th' addressThe hunter to engage, and furnish timeFor Rongemail to do his deed sublime.Thus each his part perform'd. Which wins the prize?The heart, so far as in my judgment lies.
Words in this poem 23
- apotheosis n.
- The act of elevating a mortal to the rank of, and placing him among,
- amply adv.
- In an ample manner.
- rife a.
- Prevailing; prevalent; abounding. [AS. rif abundant, or Icel. rifr munificent; akin to OD. riff, rijve, abundant.]
- loveliness n.
- The state or quality of being lovely. [From Lovely.]
- ween v. i.
- To think; to imagine; to fancy. [OE. wenen, AS. w, fr. w hope, expectation, opinion; akin to D. waan, OFries. w, OS. & OHG. wan, G. wahn delusion, Icel. van hope, expectation, Goth. w, and D. w]
- illume v. t.
- To throw or spread light upon; to make light or bright; to illuminate; to illumine. [Cf. F. illuminer. See Illuminate.]
- sculptor n.
- One who sculptures; one whose occupation is to carve statues, or works of sculpture. [L. sculptor, fr. sculpere, sculptum, to carve; cf. scalpere to cut, carve, scratch, and Gr. sculpteur.]
- beseem v. i.
- To seem; to appear; to be fitting.
- ambuscade n.
- A lying in a wood, concealed, for the purpose of attacking an enemy by surprise. Hence: A lying in wait, and concealed in any situation, for a like purpose; a snare laid for an enemy; an ambush. [F. embuscade, fr. It. imboscata, or Sp. emboscada, fr. emboscar to ambush, fr. LL. imboscare. See Ambush, v. t.]
- afar adv.
- At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
- sufferer n.
- One who suffers; one who endures or undergoes suffering; one who sustains inconvenience or loss; as, sufferers by poverty or sickness; men are sufferers by fire or by losses at sea.
- wherefore adv.
- For which reason; so; -- used relatively. [Where + for.]
- forthwith adv.
- Immediately; without delay; directly.
- luckless a.
- Being without luck; unpropitious; unfortunate; unlucky; meeting with ill success or bad fortune; as, a luckless gamester; a luckless maid.
- plodding a.
- Progressing in a slow, toilsome manner; characterized by laborious diligence; as, a plodding peddler; a plodding student; a man of plodding habits. --Plod"ding*ly, adv.
- rightly adv.
- Straightly; directly; in front. [AS. richtlice.]
- inkling n.
- A hint; an intimation.
- straightway adv.
- Immediately; without loss of time; without delay.
- favour n.
- Kind regard; propitious aspect; countenance; friendly disposition; kindness; good will. [Written also favour.]
- odyssey n.
- An epic poem attributed to Homer, which describes the return of Ulysses to Ithaca after the siege of Troy. [L. Odyssea, Gr. Odyssée.]
- needful a.
- Full of need; in need or want; needy; distressing.
- mansion n.
- A dwelling place, -- whether a part or whole of a house or other shelter. [OF. mansion, F. maison, fr. L. mansio a staying, remaining, a dwelling, habitation, fr. manere, mansum, to stay, dwell; akin to Gr. Manse, Manor, Menagerie, Men]
- spoke n.
- The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Book XII: The Raven, the Gazelle, the Tortoise, and the Rat is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Fables of La Fontaine, Project Gutenberg ebook #7241, the Elizur Wright translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Jean de La Fontaine, Book XII: The Raven, the Gazelle, the Tortoise, and the Rat, in The Fables of La Fontaine (1841), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #7241, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/la-fontaine-fables/12-15.html, id L28441.
Form and metre
Book XII: The Raven, the Gazelle, the Tortoise, and the Rat is 165 lines in 2 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%).
See other poems in iambic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AA----BBCDDCDEFFEGGHH-II-JKKJL-L-MM--MMNNOPPOPQQQRRSSTTUUVVWW rhymeA · timeA · grounded · founded · divinity · be · gateB · consecrateB · divineC · blissD · wisD · mineC · apotheosisD · sightE · meetF · seatF · lightE · lifeG · rifeG · fatesH · statesH · image · thereI · careI · homage · feetJ · seenK · weenK · meetJ · perfumeL · be · illumeL · imperfectly · blessM · tendernessM · mind · join'd · graceM · expressM · soulN · controlN · loveO · manP · banP · approveO · planP · placeQ · graceQ · faceQ · findR · mindR · beseemS · esteemS · aboveT · loveT · crownU · downU · actV · compactV · raceW · caseW
- 2 AABBCDD-CEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLMMLNNOOPPQRRQSSTTUU--VVVWXXWYYZZaabbccdddee-ffgghhijjikkllmmnnoopp-qq-rrssttuuvv gazelleA · fellA · manB · beganB · retreatC · woodD · floodD · brood · meetC · playE · dayE · foundF · houndF · manG · ranG · othersH · brothersH · weI · threeI · steadyJ · alreadyJ · wordK · birdK · seatL · whereM · fairM · feetL · ratN · thatN · flewO · knewO · snareP · thereP · alarmQ · nowR · howR · harmQ · debateS · fateS · schoolT · foolT · pithU · forthwithU · vote · spot · gazelleV · shellV · wellV · saidW · paceX · placeX · deadW · debateY · mateY · roeZ · goZ · behinda · minda · lackb · backb · rongemailc · hailc · mayd · wayd · preyd · spote · note · rongemail · wellf · gazellef · madg · hadg · pathh · wrathh · flagi · missj · thisj · bagi · sok · roek · camel · lamel · pursuem · threwm · caren · snaren · endo · friendo · followp · apollop · easy · sakeq · makeq · odyssey · playr · wayr · awokes · spokes · expresst · addresst · timeu · sublimeu · prizev · liesv
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| A temple I reserved you in my rhyme: | 10 | ·/˘·˘/···· |
| It might not be completed but with time. | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| Already its endurance I had grounded | 10 | ˘/˘·/˘··/˘ |
| Upon this charming art, divinely founded; | 11 | ···/˘·˘/˘/˘ |
| And on the name of that divinity | 9 | ······˘/˘ |
| For whom its adoration was to be. | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| These words I should have written o'er its gate-- | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| TO IRIS IS THIS PALACE CONSECRATE; | 10 | ·/˘··/˘/˘· |
| Not her who served the queen divine; | 8 | ······˘/ |
| For Juno's self, and he who crown'd her bliss, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Had thought it for their dignity, I wis, | 9 | ·····/˘·· |
| To bear the messages of mine. | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| Within the dome the apotheosis | 10 | ·····˘·˘/˘ |
| Should greet th' enraptured sight-- | 7 | ··˘/˘˘· |
| All heaven, in pomp and order meet, | 8 | ·/···/˘· |
| Conducting Iris to her seat | 8 | ˘/˘/˘··· |
| Beneath a canopy of light! | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| The walls would amply serve to paint her life,-- | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| A matter sweet, indeed, but little rife | 10 | ·/˘·˘/·/˘· |
| In those events, which, order'd by the Fates, | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| Cause birth, or change, or overthrow of states. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The innermost should hold her image,-- | 9 | ·/˘····/˘ |
| Her features, smiles, attractions there,-- | 8 | ·/˘·˘/˘· |
| Her art of pleasing without care,-- | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Her loveliness, that's sure of homage. | 9 | ·/˘˘···/˘ |
| Some mortals, kneeling at her feet,-- | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Earth's noblest heroes,--should be seen; | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Ay, demigods, and even gods, I ween: | 9 | ·····/··· |
| (The worshipp'd of the world thinks meet, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Sometimes her altar to perfume.) | 8 | ˘/·/˘·˘/ |
| Her eyes, so far as that might be, | 8 | ········ |
| Her soul's rich jewel should illume; | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Alas! but how imperfectly! | 8 | ˘/··˘/˘˘ |
| For could a heart that throbb'd to bless | 8 | ········ |
| Its friends with boundless tenderness,-- | 8 | ···/˘/˘˘ |
| Or could that heaven-descended mind | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| Which, in its matchless beauty, join'd | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| The strength of man with woman's grace,-- | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Be given to sculptor to express? | 8 | ·/·/˘·˘/ |
| O Iris, who canst charm the soul-- | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| Nay, bind it with supreme control,-- | 8 | ····˘/˘/ |
| Whom as myself I can but love,-- | 8 | ···/···· |
| (Nay, not that word: as I'm a man, | 8 | ········ |
| Your court has placed it under ban, | 8 | ········ |
| And we'll dismiss it,) pray approve | 8 | ··˘/··˘/ |
| My filling up this hasty plan! | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| This sketch has here received a place, | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| A simple anecdote to grace, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Where friendship shows so sweet a face, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| That in its features you may find | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Somewhat accordant to your mind. | 8 | //˘/˘··· |
| Not that the tale may kings beseem; | 8 | ······˘/ |
| But he who winneth your esteem | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Is not a monarch placed above | 8 | ···/···· |
| The need and influence of love, | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| But simple mortal, void of crown, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| That would for friends his life lay down-- | 8 | ········ |
| Than which I know no friendlier act. | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Four animals, in league compact, | 8 | ·/˘˘··˘/ |
| Are now to give our noble race | 8 | ····//˘· |
| A useful lesson in the case. | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Rat, raven, tortoise, and gazelle, | 8 | ·/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Once into firmest friendship fell. | 8 | ···/˘/˘· |
| 'Twas in a home unknown to man | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| That they their happiness began. | 8 | ···/˘˘˘/ |
| But safe from man there's no retreat: | 8 | ······˘/ |
| Pierce you the loneliest wood, | 7 | ······· |
| Or dive beneath the deepest flood, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Or mount you where the eagles brood,-- | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| His secret ambuscade you meet. | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The light gazelle, in harmless play, | 8 | ··˘/·/˘· |
| Amused herself abroad one day, | 8 | ˘/˘/˘/·· |
| When, by mischance, her track was found | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| And follow'd by the baying hound-- | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| That barbarous tool of barbarous man-- | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| From which far, far away she ran. | 8 | ····˘/·· |
| At meal-time to the others | 7 | ·····/˘ |
| The rat observed,--'My brothers, | 8 | ··˘/˘·/˘ |
| How happens it that we | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| Are met to-day but three? | 6 | ······ |
| Is Miss Gazelle so little steady? | 9 | ··˘/·/˘/˘ |
| Hath she forgotten us already?' | 9 | ··˘/˘·˘/˘ |
| Out cried the tortoise at the word,-- | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| 'Were I, as Raven is, a bird, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| I'd fly this instant from my seat, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And learn what accident, and where, | 8 | ···/˘˘·· |
| Hath kept away our sister fair,-- | 8 | ··˘///˘· |
| Our sister of the flying feet; | 8 | //˘··/˘· |
| For of her heart, dear rat, | 6 | ······ |
| It were a shame to doubt of that.' | 8 | ········ |
| The raven flew; | 4 | ·/˘· |
| He spied afar,--the face he knew,-- | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| The poor gazelle entangled in a snare, | 10 | ··˘/˘/˘··· |
| In anguish vainly floundering there. | 8 | ·/˘/˘/˘· |
| Straight back he turn'd, and gave the alarm; | 9 | ·······˘/ |
| For to have ask'd the sufferer now, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| The why and wherefore, when and how, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| She had incurr'd so great a harm,-- | 8 | ··˘/···· |
| And lose in vain debate | 6 | ····˘/ |
| The turning-point of fate, | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| As would the master of a school,-- | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| He was by no means such a fool. | 8 | ········ |
| On tidings of so sad a pith, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| The three their council held forthwith. | 8 | ···/˘·// |
| By two it was the vote | 6 | ······ |
| To hasten to the spot | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| Where lay the poor gazelle. | 6 | ····˘/ |
| 'Our friend here in his shell, | 7 | /˘····· |
| I think, will do as well | 6 | ······ |
| To guard the house,' the raven said; | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| 'For, with his creeping pace, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| When would he reach the place? | 6 | ······ |
| Not till the deer were dead.' | 6 | ······ |
| Eschewing more debate, | 6 | ·/˘·˘/ |
| They flew to aid their mate, | 6 | ······ |
| That luckless mountain roe. | 6 | ·/˘/˘· |
| The tortoise, too, resolved to go. | 8 | ·/˘·˘/·· |
| Behold him plodding on behind, | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| And plainly cursing in his mind, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| The fate that left his legs to lack, | 8 | ········ |
| And glued his dwelling to his back. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| The snare was cut by Rongemail, | 8 | ········ |
| (For so the rat they rightly hail). | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Conceive their joy yourself you may. | 8 | ˘/··˘/·· |
| Just then the hunter came that way, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| And, 'Who hath filch'd my prey?' | 6 | ······ |
| Cried he, upon the spot | 6 | ······ |
| Where now his prey was not.-- | 6 | ······ |
| A hole hid Rongemail; | 6 | ······ |
| A tree the bird as well; | 6 | ······ |
| The woods, the free gazelle. | 6 | ····˘/ |
| The hunter, well nigh mad, | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| To find no inkling could be had, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Espied the tortoise in his path, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| And straightway check'd his wrath. | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| 'Why let my courage flag, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Because my snare has chanced to miss? | 8 | ········ |
| I'll have a supper out of this.' | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| He said, and put it in his bag. | 8 | ········ |
| And it had paid the forfeit so, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Had not the raven told the roe, | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| Who from her covert came, | 6 | ···/˘· |
| Pretending to be lame. | 6 | ˘/˘··· |
| The man, right eager to pursue, | 8 | ···/˘·˘/ |
| Aside his wallet threw, | 6 | ˘/·/˘· |
| Which Rongemail took care | 6 | ······ |
| To serve as he had done the snare; | 8 | ········ |
| Thus putting to an end | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| The hunter's supper on his friend. | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| 'Tis thus sage Pilpay's tale I follow. | 9 | ·······/˘ |
| Were I the ward of golden-hair'd Apollo, | 11 | ·····/˘·˘/˘ |
| It were, by favour of that god, easy-- | 10 | ···/˘···/˘ |
| And surely for your sake-- | 6 | ·/˘··· |
| As long a tale to make | 6 | ······ |
| As is the Iliad or Odyssey. | 9 | ···/˘·/˘˘ |
| Grey Rongemail the hero's part should play, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Though each would be as needful in his way. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| He of the mansion portable awoke | 9 | ···/˘/˘˘/ |
| Sir Raven by the words he spoke, | 8 | ·/˘····· |
| To act the spy, and then the swift express. | 10 | ········˘/ |
| The light gazelle alone had had th' address | 10 | ··˘/˘/··˘/ |
| The hunter to engage, and furnish time | 10 | ·/˘·˘/·/˘· |
| For Rongemail to do his deed sublime. | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Thus each his part perform'd. Which wins the prize? | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| The heart, so far as in my judgment lies. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.