Description of a Summer's Eve

Henry Kirke White (1785–1806) · 1803–1806

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 98 lines · from The Poetical Works of Henry Kirke White

Down the sultry arc of dayThe burning wheels have urged their way;And eve along the western skiesSheds her intermingling dyes.Down the deep, the miry lane,Creaking comes the empty wain,And driver on the shaft-horse sits,Whistling now and then by fits:And oft, with his accustom'd call,Urging on the sluggish Ball.The barn is still, the master's gone,And thresher puts his jacket on,While Dick, upon the ladder tall,Nails the dead kite to the wall.Here comes shepherd Jack at last,He has penn'd the sheepcote fast,For 't was but two nights before,A lamb was eaten on the moor:His empty wallet Rover carries,Nor for Jack, when near home, tarries.With lolling tongue he runs to tryIf the horse-trough be not dry.The milk is settled in the pans,And supper messes in the cans;In the hovel carts are wheel'd,And both the colts are drove a-field;The horses are all bedded up,And the ewe is with the tup.The snare for Mister Fox is set,The leaven laid, the thatching wet,And Bess has slink'd away to talkWith Roger in the holly walk.

Now, on the settle all, but Bess,Are set to eat their supper mess;And little Tom and roguish KateAre swinging on the meadow gate.Now they chat of various things,Of taxes, ministers, and kings,Or else tell all the village news,How madam did the squire refuse;How parson on his tithes was bent,And landlord oft distrain'd for rent.Thus do they talk, till in the skyThe pale-eyed moon is mounted high,And from the alehouse drunken NedHad reel'd--then hasten all to bed.The mistress sees that lazy KateThe happing coal on kitchen grateHas laid--while master goes throughout,Sees shutters fast, the mastiff out,The candles safe, the hearths all clear,And nought from thieves or fire to fear;Then both to bed together creep,And join the general troop of sleep.

Go to the raging sea, and say, "Be still!"Bid the wild lawless winds obey thy will;Preach to the storm, and reason with Despair,But tell not Misery's son that life is fair.

Thou, who in Plenty's lavish lap hast roll'd,And every year with new delight hast told,Thou, who, recumbent on the lacquer'd barge,Hast dropt down joy's gay stream of pleasant marge,Thou mayst extol life's calm untroubled sea,The storms of misery never burst on thee.

Go to the mat, where squalid Want reclines,Go to the shade obscure, where merit pines;Abide with him whom Penury's charms control,And bind the rising yearnings of his soul,Survey his sleepless couch, and, standing there,Tell the poor pallid wretch that life is fair!Press thou the lonely pillow of his head,And ask why sleep his languid eyes has fled;Mark his dew'd temples, and his half shut eye,His trembling nostrils, and his deep drawn sigh,His muttering mouth contorted with despair,And ask if Genius could inhabit there.

Oh, yes! that sunken eye with fire once gleam'd,And rays of light from its full circlet stream'd:But now Neglect has stung him to--the core,And Hope's wild raptures thrill his breast no more;Domestic Anguish winds his vitals round,And added Grief compels him to the ground.Lo! o'er his manly form, decay'd and wan,The shades of death with gradual steps steal on;And the pale mother, pining to decay,Weeps for her boy her wretched life away.

Go, child of Fortune! to his early grave,Where o'er his head obscure the rank weeds wave;Behold the heart-wrung parent lay her headOn the cold turf, and ask to share his bed.Go, child of Fortune, take thy lesson there,And tell us then that life is wondrous fair!

Yet, Lofft, in thee, whose hand is still stretch'd forth,To encourage genius, and to foster worth;On thee, the unhappy's firm, unfailing friend,'T is just that every blessing should descend;'T is just that life to thee should only showHer fairer side but little mix'd with woe.

Words in this poem 20
wain n.
A four-wheeled vehicle for the transportation of goods, produce, etc.; a wagon. [OE. wain, AS. wægn; akin to D. & G. wagen, OHG. wagan, Icel. & Sw. vagn, Dan. vogn, and E. way. Way, Weigh, and cf. Wagon.]
thresher n.
One who, or that which, thrashes grain; a thrashing machine.
sheepcote n.
A small inclosure for sheep; a pen; a fold.
rover n.
One who practices robbery on the seas; a pirate. [D. roover a robber. See Rove, v. i.]
hovel n.
An open shed for sheltering cattle, or protecting produce, etc., from the weather. Brande & C. [OE. hovel, hovil, prob. a dim. fr. AS. hof house; akin to D. & G. hof court, yard, Icel. hof temple; cf. Prov. E. hove to take shelter, heuf shelter, home.]
drove n.
A collection of cattle driven, or cattle collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or swine, driven in a body. [AS. draf, fr. drifan to drive. See Drive.]
bedded a.
Provided with a bed; as, double-bedded room; placed or arranged in a bed or beds.
mister n.
A trade, art, or occupation. [OF. mistier trade, office, ministry, need, F. métier trade, fr. L. ministerium service, office, ministry. See Ministry, Mystery trade.]
thatching n.
The act or art of covering buildings with thatch; so as to keep out rain, snow, etc.
roger n.
A black flag with white skull and crossbones, formerly used by pirates; -- called also Jolly Roger.
kate n.
The brambling finch.
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
marge n.
Border; margin; edge; verge. [F. marge. See Margin.]
extol v. t.
To place on high; to lift up; to elevate. [L. extollere; ex out + tollere to lift, take up, or raise: cf. OF. extoller. See Tollerate, and cf. Flate.]
squalid a.
Dirty through neglect; foul; filthy; extremely dirty. [L. squalidus, fr. squalere to be foul or filthy.]
yearnings n.
The maws, or stomachs, of young calves, used a rennet for curdling milk. [Cf. AS. geirnan, geyrnan, to rum. See 4th Earn.]
sleepless a.
Having no sleep; wakeful.
circlet n.
A little circle; esp., an ornament for the person, having the form of a circle; that which encircles, as a ring, a bracelet, or a headband.
vitals n.
Organs that are necessary for life; more especially, the heart, lungs, and brain.
wondrous adv.
In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Description of a Summer's Eve is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poetical Works of Henry Kirk White : With a Memoir by Sir Harris Nicolas, Project Gutenberg ebook #7149; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Henry Kirke White, Description of a Summer's Eve, in The Poetical Works of Henry Kirke White (1803–1806), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #7149, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/kirke-white-poems/description-of-a-summer-s-eve.html, id L10059.

Form and metre

Description of a Summer's Eve is 98 lines in 8 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 92% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 91%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.9 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 11% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AABBCCDDEE--EEFF----GGHHIIJJKKLL dayA · wayA · skiesB · dyesB · laneC · wainC · sitsD · fitsD · callE · ballE · gone · on · tallE · wallE · lastF · fastF · before · moor · carries · tarries · tryG · dryG · pansH · cansH · wheel'dI · fieldI · upJ · tupJ · setK · wetK · talkL · walkL
  2. 2 AABBCCDDEEFFGGBBHHIIJJ bessA · messA · kateB · gateB · thingsC · kingsC · newsD · refuseD · bentE · rentE · skyF · highF · nedG · bedG · kateB · grateB · throughoutH · outH · clearI · fearI · creepJ · sleepJ
  3. 3 AABB stillA · willA · despairB · fairB
  4. 4 AABBCC roll'dA · toldA · bargeB · margeB · seaC · theeC
  5. 5 AABBCCDDEECC reclinesA · pinesA · controlB · soulB · thereC · fairC · headD · fledD · eyeE · sighE · despairC · thereC
  6. 6 AABBCCDDEE gleam'dA · stream'dA · coreB · moreB · roundC · groundC · wanD · onD · decayE · awayE
  7. 7 AABBCC graveA · waveA · headB · bedB · thereC · fairC
  8. 8 --AABB forth · worth · friendA · descendA · showB · woeB
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Down the sultry arc of day7··/˘···
The burning wheels have urged their way;9·/˘···˘··
And eve along the western skies8··˘/·/˘·
Sheds her intermingling dyes.8···˘/˘˘·
Down the deep, the miry lane,7····/˘·
Creaking comes the empty wain,7/˘··/˘·
And driver on the shaft-horse sits,8·/˘·····
Whistling now and then by fits:7/˘·····
And oft, with his accustom'd call,8····˘/˘·
Urging on the sluggish Ball.7/˘··/˘·
The barn is still, the master's gone,8·····/˘·
And thresher puts his jacket on,8·/˘··/˘·
While Dick, upon the ladder tall,8·····/˘·
Nails the dead kite to the wall.7·······
Here comes shepherd Jack at last,7··/˘···
He has penn'd the sheepcote fast,7·······
For 't was but two nights before,8········
A lamb was eaten on the moor:8···/˘···
His empty wallet Rover carries,9·/˘/˘/˘/˘
Nor for Jack, when near home, tarries.8······/˘
With lolling tongue he runs to try8·/˘·····
If the horse-trough be not dry.7·······
The milk is settled in the pans,9···/˘˘···
And supper messes in the cans;8·/˘/˘···
In the hovel carts are wheel'd,7··/˘···
And both the colts are drove a-field;8········
The horses are all bedded up,8·/˘··/˘·
And the ewe is with the tup.7·······
The snare for Mister Fox is set,8···/˘···
The leaven laid, the thatching wet,8·/˘··/˘·
And Bess has slink'd away to talk8····˘/··
With Roger in the holly walk.8·/˘··/˘·
Now, on the settle all, but Bess,8···/˘···
Are set to eat their supper mess;8·····/˘·
And little Tom and roguish Kate8·/˘··/˘·
Are swinging on the meadow gate.8·/˘··/··
Now they chat of various things,8····/˘˘·
Of taxes, ministers, and kings,8·/˘/˘˘··
Or else tell all the village news,8·····/˘·
How madam did the squire refuse;8·/˘···˘/
How parson on his tithes was bent,8·/˘·····
And landlord oft distrain'd for rent.8·/······
Thus do they talk, till in the sky8········
The pale-eyed moon is mounted high,8·····/˘·
And from the alehouse drunken Ned8···/·/˘·
Had reel'd--then hasten all to bed.8···/˘···
The mistress sees that lazy Kate8·/˘··/˘·
The happing coal on kitchen grate8·/˘··/˘·
Has laid--while master goes throughout,8···/˘···
Sees shutters fast, the mastiff out,8·/˘··/˘·
The candles safe, the hearths all clear,8·/˘·····
And nought from thieves or fire to fear;9·····/˘··
Then both to bed together creep,8····˘/˘·
And join the general troop of sleep.9···/˘˘···
Go to the raging sea, and say, "Be still!"10···/˘·····
Bid the wild lawless winds obey thy will;10···/˘·˘/··
Preach to the storm, and reason with Despair,10·····/˘·˘/
But tell not Misery's son that life is fair.10···/˘·····
Thou, who in Plenty's lavish lap hast roll'd,10···/˘/˘···
And every year with new delight hast told,10·/˘···˘/··
Thou, who, recumbent on the lacquer'd barge,10··˘/˘··/˘·
Hast dropt down joy's gay stream of pleasant marge,10·······/˘·
Thou mayst extol life's calm untroubled sea,10··˘/··˘/˘·
The storms of misery never burst on thee.10···/˘˘/···
Go to the mat, where squalid Want reclines,10·····/˘·˘/
Go to the shade obscure, where merit pines;10····˘/·/˘·
Abide with him whom Penury's charms control,10˘/···/˘·˘/
And bind the rising yearnings of his soul,10···/˘/˘···
Survey his sleepless couch, and, standing there,10˘/·/˘··/˘·
Tell the poor pallid wretch that life is fair!10···/˘·····
Press thou the lonely pillow of his head,10···/˘/˘···
And ask why sleep his languid eyes has fled;10·····/˘···
Mark his dew'd temples, and his half shut eye,10···/˘·····
His trembling nostrils, and his deep drawn sigh,10·/˘/˘·····
His muttering mouth contorted with despair,10·/˘·˘/˘·˘/
And ask if Genius could inhabit there.10···/˘·˘/˘·
Oh, yes! that sunken eye with fire once gleam'd,10···/˘··/··
And rays of light from its full circlet stream'd:10·······/˘·
But now Neglect has stung him to--the core,10··˘/······
And Hope's wild raptures thrill his breast no more;10···/˘·····
Domestic Anguish winds his vitals round,10˘/˘/˘··/˘·
And added Grief compels him to the ground.10·/˘·˘/····
Lo! o'er his manly form, decay'd and wan,10···/˘·˘/··
The shades of death with gradual steps steal on;10·····/˘···
And the pale mother, pining to decay,10···/˘/˘·˘/
Weeps for her boy her wretched life away.10·····/˘·˘/
Go, child of Fortune! to his early grave,10···/˘··/˘·
Where o'er his head obscure the rank weeds wave;10····˘/····
Behold the heart-wrung parent lay her head10˘/···/˘···
On the cold turf, and ask to share his bed.10··········
Go, child of Fortune, take thy lesson there,10···/˘··/˘·
And tell us then that life is wondrous fair!10·······/˘·
Yet, Lofft, in thee, whose hand is still stretch'd forth,10··········
To encourage genius, and to foster worth;11·˘/˘/˘··/˘·
On thee, the unhappy's firm, unfailing friend,11···˘/˘·˘/˘·
'T is just that every blessing should descend;11····/˘/˘·˘/
'T is just that life to thee should only show11········/˘·
Her fairer side but little mix'd with woe.10·/˘··/˘···

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