Winchester
To the fairest!Then to theeConsecrate and bounden be,Winchester! this verse of mine.Ah, that loveliness of thine!To have lived enchaunted yearsFree from sorrows, free from fears,Where thy Tower's great shadow fallsOver those proud buttressed walls;Whence a purpling glory poursFrom high heaven's inheritors,Throned within the arching stone!To have wandered, hushed, alone,Gently round thy fair, fern-grownChauntry of the Lilies, lyingWhere the soft night winds go sighingRound thy Cloisters, in moonlightBranching dark, or touched with white:Round old, chill aisles, where moon-smittenBlanches the Orate, writtenUnder each worn, old-world faceGraven on Death's holy place!
To the noblest!None but thee.Blest our living eyes, that seeHalf a thousand years fulfilledOf that age, which Wykeham willedThee to win; yet all unworn,As upon that first March morn,When thine honoured city sawThy young beauty without flaw,Born within her water-flowing,Ancient hollows, by wind-blowingHills enfolded ever more.Thee, that lord of splendid lore,Orient from old Hellas' shore,Grocyn, had to mother: thee,Monumental majestyOf most high philosophyHonours, in thy wizard Browne:Tender Otway's dear renown,Mover of a perfect pity,Victim of the iron city,Thine to cherish is: and thee,Laureate of Liberty;Harper of the Highland faith,Elf, and faery, and wan wraith;Chaunting softly, chaunting slowly,Minstrel of all melancholy;Master of all melody,Made to cling round memory;Passion's poet, Evening's voice,Collins glorified. Rejoice,Mother! in thy sons: for allLove thine immemorialName, august and musical.Not least he, who left thy side,For his sire's, thine earlier pride,Arnold: whom we mourn to-day,Prince of song, and gone awayTo his brothers of the bay:Thine the love of all his years;His be now thy praising tears.
To the dearest!Ah, to thee!Hast thou not in all to meMother, more than mother, been?Well toward thee may Mary QueenBend her with a mother's mien;Who so rarely dost expressAn inspiring tenderness,Woven with thy sterner strain,Prelude of the world's true pain.But two years, and still my feetFound thy very stones more sweet,Than the richest fields elsewhere:Two years, and thy sacred airStill poured balm upon me, whenNearer drew the world of men;When the passions, one by one,All sprang upward to the sun:Two years have I lived, still thine;Lost, thy presence! gone, that shrine,Where six years, what years! were mine.Music is the thought of thee;Fragrance, all thy memory.Those thy rugged Chambers old,In their gloom and rudeness, holdDear remembrances of gold.Some first blossoming of flowersMade delight of all the hours;Greatness, beauty, all things fairMade the spirit of thine air:Old years live with thee; thy sonsWalk with high companions.Then, the natural joy of earth,Joy of very health and birth!Hills, upon a summer noon:Water Meads, on eves of June:Chamber Court, beneath the moon:Days of spring, on Twyford Down,Or when autumn woods grew brown;As they looked, when here came Keats,Chaunting of autumnal sweets;Through this city of old haunts,Murmuring immortal chaunts;As when Pope, art's earlier king,Here, a child, did nought but sing;Sang, a child, by nature's rule,Round the trees of Twyford School:Hours of sun beside Mead's Wall,Ere the may begin to fall;Watching the rooks rise and soar,High from lime and sycamore:Wanderings by old-world ways,Walks and streets of ancient days;Closes, churches, arches, halls,Vanished men's memorials.There was beauty, there was grace,Each place was an holy place:There the kindly fates allowedMe too room; and made me proud,Prouder name I have not wist!With the name of Wykehamist.These thy joys: and more than these:Ah, to watch beneath thy trees,Through long twilights linden-scented,Sunsets, lingering, lamented,In the purple west; prevented,Ere they fell, by evening star!Ah, long nights of Winter! farLeaps and roars the faggot fire;Ruddy smoke rolls higher, higher,Broken through by flame's desire;Circling faces glow, all eyesTake the light; deep radiance flies,Merrily flushing overheadNames of brothers, long since fled;And fresh clusters, in their stead,Jubilant round fierce forest flame.Friendship too must make her claim:But what songs, what memories end,When they tell of friend on friend?And for them, I thank thy name.
Love alone of gifts, no shameLessens, and I love thee: yetSound it but of echoes, letThis my maiden music be,Of the love I bear to thee,Witness and interpreter,Mother mine: loved Winchester!
Words in this poem
- bounden a.
- Bound; fastened by bonds. [Old. p. p. of bind.]
- loveliness n.
- The state or quality of being lovely. [From Lovely.]
- graven p. p.
- Carved. Graven image, an idol; an object of worship carved from wood, stone, etc.
- morn n.
- The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
- monumental a.
- Of, pertaining to, or suitable for, a monument; as, a monumental inscription. [L. monumentalis: cf. F. monumental.]
- laureate a.
- Crowned, or decked, with laurel. [L. laureatus, fr. laurea laurel tree, fr. laureus of laurel, fr. laurus laurel: cf. F. lauréat. Cf. Laurel.]
- harper n.
- A player on the harp; a minstrel. [AS. hearpere.]
- wraith n.
- An apparition of a person in his exact likeness, seen before death, or a little after; hence, an apparition; a specter; a vision; an unreal image. [Scot. wraith, warth; probably originally, a guardian angel, from Icel. vörthr a warden, guardian, akin to E. ward. See Ward a guard.]
- immemorial a.
- Extending beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition; indefinitely ancient; as, existing from time immemorial. [Pref. im- not + memorial: cf. F. immémorial.]
- hast
- , 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
- sterner n.
- A director. Dr. R. Clerke. [See 3d Stern.]
- lamented a.
- Mourned for; bewailed.
- jubilant a.
- Uttering songs of triumph; shouting with joy; triumphant; exulting. [L. jubilans, -antis, p. pr. of jubilare to shout for joy: cf. F. jubila. See Jubilate.]
- thank n.
- A expression of gratitude; an acknowledgment expressive of a sense of favor or kindness received; obligation, claim, or desert, or gratitude; -- now generally used in the plural. [AS. Þanc, Þonc, thanks, favor, thought; akin to OS. thank favor, pleasure, thanks, D. & G. dank thanks, Icel. Þ\'94kk, Dan. tak, Sw. tack, Goth. Þagks thanks; -]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Winchester is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #66520; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Lionel Johnson, Winchester, in Poems (1895), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #66520, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/johnson-lionel-poems/winchester.html, id L12463.
Form and metre
Winchester is 151 lines in 4 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 53% of the lines. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 89%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.2 syllables. 37 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 25% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in trochaic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 -AABBCCDD--EEEFFGGHHII fairest · theeA · beA · mineB · thineB · yearsC · fearsC · fallsD · wallsD · pours · inheritors · stoneE · aloneE · grownE · lyingF · sighingF · moonlightG · whiteG · smittenH · writtenH · faceI · placeI
- 2 -AABBCCDDEEFFF---GGHH--II----JJKKKLLMMM-- noblest · theeA · seeA · fulfilledB · willedB · unwornC · mornC · sawD · flawD · flowingE · blowingE · moreF · loreF · shoreF · thee · majesty · philosophy · browneG · renownG · pityH · cityH · thee · liberty · faithI · wraithI · slowly · melancholy · melody · memory · voiceJ · rejoiceJ · allK · immemorialK · musicalK · sideL · prideL · dayM · awayM · bayM · years · tears
- 3 -AA-BBCCDDEEFFGGHHIII--JJJKKLLMMNNOOOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabbcccddeeeffggghhiih dearest · theeA · meA · been · queenB · mienB · expressC · tendernessC · strainD · painD · feetE · sweetE · elsewhereF · airF · whenG · menG · oneH · sunH · thineI · shrineI · mineI · thee · memory · oldJ · holdJ · goldJ · flowersK · hoursK · fairL · airL · sonsM · companionsM · earthN · birthN · noonO · juneO · moonO · downP · brownP · keatsQ · sweetsQ · hauntsR · chauntsR · kingS · singS · ruleT · schoolT · wallU · fallU · soarV · sycamoreV · waysW · daysW · hallsX · memorialsX · graceY · placeY · allowedZ · proudZ · wista · wykehamista · theseb · treesb · scentedc · lamentedc · preventedc · stard · fard · firee · highere · desiree · eyesf · fliesf · overheadg · fledg · steadg · flameh · claimh · endi · friendi · nameh
- 4 -AABB-- shame · yetA · letA · beB · theeB · interpreter · winchester
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| To the fairest! | 4 | ··/˘ |
| Then to thee | 3 | ··· |
| Consecrate and bounden be, | 7 | /˘··/˘· |
| Winchester! this verse of mine. | 7 | /·˘···· |
| Ah, that loveliness of thine! | 7 | ··/˘˘·· |
| To have lived enchaunted years | 8 | ···˘···· |
| Free from sorrows, free from fears, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Where thy Tower's great shadow falls | 8 | ··/˘·/·· |
| Over those proud buttressed walls; | 8 | ····/˘˘· |
| Whence a purpling glory pours | 8 | ··/˘˘/˘· |
| From high heaven's inheritors, | 8 | ··/˘˘/˘˘ |
| Throned within the arching stone! | 8 | ·˘···/˘· |
| To have wandered, hushed, alone, | 8 | ··/˘˘·˘/ |
| Gently round thy fair, fern-grown | 7 | /˘····· |
| Chauntry of the Lilies, lying | 8 | ····/˘/˘ |
| Where the soft night winds go sighing | 8 | ······/˘ |
| Round thy Cloisters, in moonlight | 7 | ··/˘·/· |
| Branching dark, or touched with white: | 8 | /˘···˘·· |
| Round old, chill aisles, where moon-smitten | 8 | ······/˘ |
| Blanches the Orate, written | 7 | /˘···/˘ |
| Under each worn, old-world face | 7 | ······· |
| Graven on Death's holy place! | 7 | /˘··/˘· |
| To the noblest! | 4 | ··/˘ |
| None but thee. | 3 | ··· |
| Blest our living eyes, that see | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Half a thousand years fulfilled | 8 | ··/˘·˘/˘ |
| Of that age, which Wykeham willed | 8 | ········ |
| Thee to win; yet all unworn, | 7 | ······· |
| As upon that first March morn, | 7 | ······· |
| When thine honoured city saw | 8 | ··/˘˘/˘· |
| Thy young beauty without flaw, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Born within her water-flowing, | 8 | ····/˘/˘ |
| Ancient hollows, by wind-blowing | 8 | /˘/˘··/˘ |
| Hills enfolded ever more. | 7 | ·˘/˘/˘· |
| Thee, that lord of splendid lore, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Orient from old Hellas' shore, | 8 | /˘······ |
| Grocyn, had to mother: thee, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Monumental majesty | 7 | ·˘/˘/˘˘ |
| Of most high philosophy | 7 | ···˘/˘˘ |
| Honours, in thy wizard Browne: | 7 | /˘··/˘· |
| Tender Otway's dear renown, | 7 | /˘···˘/ |
| Mover of a perfect pity, | 8 | /˘··/·/˘ |
| Victim of the iron city, | 8 | /˘··/˘/˘ |
| Thine to cherish is: and thee, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Laureate of Liberty; | 7 | /˘˘·/˘˘ |
| Harper of the Highland faith, | 7 | /˘··/˘· |
| Elf, and faery, and wan wraith; | 7 | ······· |
| Chaunting softly, chaunting slowly, | 8 | ··/˘··/˘ |
| Minstrel of all melancholy; | 8 | /˘··/˘·˘ |
| Master of all melody, | 7 | /˘··/˘˘ |
| Made to cling round memory; | 7 | ····/˘˘ |
| Passion's poet, Evening's voice, | 7 | /˘/˘/˘· |
| Collins glorified. Rejoice, | 7 | /˘/˘·˘/ |
| Mother! in thy sons: for all | 7 | /˘····· |
| Love thine immemorial | 7 | ···˘/˘˘ |
| Name, august and musical. | 7 | ·/˘·/˘˘ |
| Not least he, who left thy side, | 7 | ······· |
| For his sire's, thine earlier pride, | 8 | ····/˘˘· |
| Arnold: whom we mourn to-day, | 7 | /˘····· |
| Prince of song, and gone away | 7 | ·····˘/ |
| To his brothers of the bay: | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Thine the love of all his years; | 7 | ······· |
| His be now thy praising tears. | 7 | ····/˘· |
| To the dearest! | 4 | ··/˘ |
| Ah, to thee! | 3 | ··· |
| Hast thou not in all to me | 7 | ······· |
| Mother, more than mother, been? | 7 | /˘··/˘· |
| Well toward thee may Mary Queen | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| Bend her with a mother's mien; | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Who so rarely dost express | 7 | ··/˘·˘/ |
| An inspiring tenderness, | 7 | ·˘/˘/˘˘ |
| Woven with thy sterner strain, | 7 | /˘··/˘· |
| Prelude of the world's true pain. | 7 | /······ |
| But two years, and still my feet | 7 | ······· |
| Found thy very stones more sweet, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Than the richest fields elsewhere: | 7 | ··/˘·/· |
| Two years, and thy sacred air | 8 | ····/˘˘· |
| Still poured balm upon me, when | 8 | ··˘····· |
| Nearer drew the world of men; | 7 | /˘····· |
| When the passions, one by one, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| All sprang upward to the sun: | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Two years have I lived, still thine; | 8 | ·····˘·· |
| Lost, thy presence! gone, that shrine, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Where six years, what years! were mine. | 7 | ······· |
| Music is the thought of thee; | 7 | /˘····· |
| Fragrance, all thy memory. | 7 | /˘··/˘˘ |
| Those thy rugged Chambers old, | 8 | ··/˘˘/˘· |
| In their gloom and rudeness, hold | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Dear remembrances of gold. | 7 | ·˘/˘˘·· |
| Some first blossoming of flowers | 8 | ··/˘˘·/˘ |
| Made delight of all the hours; | 8 | ·˘/···/˘ |
| Greatness, beauty, all things fair | 7 | /˘/˘··· |
| Made the spirit of thine air: | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Old years live with thee; thy sons | 7 | ······· |
| Walk with high companions. | 6 | ···˘/˘ |
| Then, the natural joy of earth, | 8 | ··/˘˘··· |
| Joy of very health and birth! | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Hills, upon a summer noon: | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Water Meads, on eves of June: | 7 | /˘····· |
| Chamber Court, beneath the moon: | 7 | /˘····· |
| Days of spring, on Twyford Down, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Or when autumn woods grew brown; | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| As they looked, when here came Keats, | 8 | ···˘···· |
| Chaunting of autumnal sweets; | 7 | ···˘/˘· |
| Through this city of old haunts, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Murmuring immortal chaunts; | 7 | /˘˘˘/˘· |
| As when Pope, art's earlier king, | 8 | ····/˘˘· |
| Here, a child, did nought but sing; | 7 | ······· |
| Sang, a child, by nature's rule, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Round the trees of Twyford School: | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Hours of sun beside Mead's Wall, | 8 | /˘···/·· |
| Ere the may begin to fall; | 7 | ···˘/·· |
| Watching the rooks rise and soar, | 7 | /˘····· |
| High from lime and sycamore: | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Wanderings by old-world ways, | 7 | /˘˘···· |
| Walks and streets of ancient days; | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Closes, churches, arches, halls, | 7 | /˘/˘/˘· |
| Vanished men's memorials. | 8 | /˘˘·˘/˘˘ |
| There was beauty, there was grace, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Each place was an holy place: | 7 | ····/˘· |
| There the kindly fates allowed | 8 | ··/˘·˘/˘ |
| Me too room; and made me proud, | 7 | ······· |
| Prouder name I have not wist! | 7 | /˘····· |
| With the name of Wykehamist. | 8 | ········ |
| These thy joys: and more than these: | 7 | ······· |
| Ah, to watch beneath thy trees, | 7 | ······· |
| Through long twilights linden-scented, | 8 | ··/·/˘/˘ |
| Sunsets, lingering, lamented, | 8 | /·/˘˘˘/˘ |
| In the purple west; prevented, | 8 | ··/˘·˘/˘ |
| Ere they fell, by evening star! | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Ah, long nights of Winter! far | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Leaps and roars the faggot fire; | 8 | ····/˘/˘ |
| Ruddy smoke rolls higher, higher, | 8 | /˘··/˘/˘ |
| Broken through by flame's desire; | 8 | /˘···˘/˘ |
| Circling faces glow, all eyes | 8 | /˘˘/˘··· |
| Take the light; deep radiance flies, | 8 | ····/˘˘· |
| Merrily flushing overhead | 8 | /˘˘/˘/˘/ |
| Names of brothers, long since fled; | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| And fresh clusters, in their stead, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Jubilant round fierce forest flame. | 8 | /˘˘··/˘· |
| Friendship too must make her claim: | 7 | /˘····· |
| But what songs, what memories end, | 8 | ····/˘˘· |
| When they tell of friend on friend? | 7 | ······· |
| And for them, I thank thy name. | 7 | ······· |
| Love alone of gifts, no shame | 7 | ·˘/···· |
| Lessens, and I love thee: yet | 7 | /˘····· |
| Sound it but of echoes, let | 7 | ····/˘· |
| This my maiden music be, | 7 | ··/˘/˘· |
| Of the love I bear to thee, | 7 | ······· |
| Witness and interpreter, | 7 | /˘·˘/˘˘ |
| Mother mine: loved Winchester! | 8 | /˘··˘/·˘ |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.