Fourteenth Book

Torquato Tasso (1544–1595), translated by Edward Fairfax · 1600

iambic pentameter · ottava rima · 640 lines · from Jerusalem Delivered

The Lord to Godfrey in a dream doth showHis will; Rinaldo must return at last;They have their asking who for pardon sue:Two knights to find the prince are sent in haste,But Peter, who by vision all foreknew,Sendeth the searchers to a wizard, placedDeep in a vault, who first at large declaresArmida’s trains, then how to shun those snares.

Now from the fresh, the soft and tender bedOf her still mother, gentle night out flew,The fleeting balm on hills and dales she shed,With honey drops of pure and precious dew,And on the verdure of green forests spreadThe virgin primrose and the violet blue,And sweet-breathed Zephyr on his spreading wings,Sleep, ease, repose, rest, peace and quiet brings.

The thoughts and troubles of broad-waking day,They softly dipped in mild Oblivion’s lake;But he whose Godhead heaven and earth doth sway,In his eternal light did watch and wake,And bent on Godfrey down the gracious rayOf his bright eye, still ope for Godfrey’s sake,To whom a silent dream the Lord down sent.Which told his will, his pleasure and intent.

Far in the east, the golden gate besideWhence Phoebus comes, a crystal port there is,And ere the sun his broad doors open wideThe beam of springing day uncloseth this,Hence comes the dreams, by which heaven’s sacred guideReveals to man those high degrees of his,Hence toward Godfrey ere he left his bedA vision strange his golden plumes bespread.

Such semblances, such shapes, such portraits fair,Did never yet in dream or sleep appear,For all the forms in sea, in earth or air,The signs in heaven, the stars in every sphereAll that was wondrous, uncouth, strange and rare,All in that vision well presented were.His dream had placed him in a crystal wide,Beset with golden fires, top, bottom, side,

There while he wondereth on the circles vast,The stars, their motions, course and harmony,A knight, with shining rays and fire embraced,Presents himself unwares before his eye,Who with a voice that far for sweetness passedAll human speech, thus said, approaching nigh:“What, Godfrey, knowest thou not thy Hugo here?Come and embrace thy friend and fellow dear!”

He answered him, “Thy glorious shining lightWhich in thine eyes his glistering beams doth place,Estranged hath from my foreknowledge quiteThy countenance, thy favor, and thy face:”This said, three times he stretched his hands outrightAnd would in friendly arms the knight embrace,And thrice the spirit fled, that thrice he twinedNaught in his folded arms but air and wind.

Lord Hugo smiled, “Not as you think,” quoth he,“I clothed am in flesh and earthly mould,My spirit pure, and naked soul, you see,A citizen of this celestial hold:This place is heaven, and here a room for theePrepared is among Christ’s champions bold:”“Ah when,” quoth he, “these mortal bonds unknit,Shall I in peace, in ease and rest there sit?”

Hugo replied, “Ere many years shall run,Amid the saints in bliss here shalt thou reign;But first great wars must by thy hand be done,Much blood be shed, and many Pagans slain,The holy city by assault be won,The land set free from servile yoke again,Wherein thou shalt a Christian empire frame,And after thee shall Baldwin rule the same.

“But to increase thy love and great desireTo heavenward, this blessed place behold,These shining lamps, these globes of living fire,How they are turned, guided, moved and rolled;The angels’ singing hear, and all their choir;Then bend thine eyes on yonder earth and mould,All in that mass, that globe and compass see,Land, sea, spring, fountain, man, beast, grass and tree.

“How vile, how small, and of how slender price,Is their reward of goodness, virtue’s gain!A narrow room our glory vain upties,A little circle doth our pride contain,Earth like an isle amid the water lies,Which sea sometime is called, sometime the main,Yet naught therein responds a name so great,It’s but a lake, a pond, a marish strait.”

Thus said the one, the other bended downHis looks to ground, and half in scorn he smiled,He saw at once earth, sea, flood, castle, town,Strangely divided, strangely all compiled,And wondered folly man so far should drown,To set his heart on things so base and vild,That servile empire searcheth and dumb fame,And scorns heaven’s bliss, yet proffereth heaven the same.

Wherefore he answered, “Since the Lord not yetWill free my spirit from this cage of clay,Lest worldly error vain my voyage let,Teach me to heaven the best and surest way:”Hugo replied, “Thy happy foot is setIn the true path, nor from this passage stray,Only from exile young Rinaldo call,This give I thee in charge, else naught at all.

“For as the Lord of hosts, the King of bliss,Hath chosen thee to rule the faithful band;So he thy stratagems appointed isTo execute, so both shall win this land:The first is thine, the second place is his,Thou art this army’s head, and he the hand,No other champion can his place supply,And that thou do it doth thy state deny.

“The enchanted forest, and her charmed treen,With cutting steel shall he to earth down hew,And thy weak armies which too feeble beenTo scale again these walls reinforced new,And fainting lie dispersed on the green,Shall take new strength new courage at his view,The high-built towers, the eastern squadrons all,Shall conquered be, shall fly, shall die, shall fall.”

He held his peace; and Godfrey answered so:“Oh, how his presence would recomfort me!You that man’s hidden thoughts perceive and know:If I say truth, or if I love him, see.But say, what messengers shall for him go?What shall their speeches, what their errand be?Shall I entreat, or else command the man?With credit neither well perform I can.”

“The eternal Lord,” the other knight replied,“That with so many graces hath thee blest,Will, that among the troops thou hast to guide,Thou honored be and feared of most and least:Then speak not thou lest blemish some betideThy sacred empire if thou make request;But when by suit thou moved art to ruth,Then yield, forgive, and home recall the youth.

“Guelpho shall pray thee, God shall him inspire,To pardon this offence, this fault commitBy hasty wrath, by rash and headstrong ire,To call the knight again; yield thou to it:And though the youth, enwrapped in fond desire,Far hence in love and looseness idle sit,Year fear it not, he shall return with speed,When most you wish him and when most you need.

“Your hermit Peter, to whose sapient heartHigh Heaven his secrets opens, tells and shews,Your messengers direct can to that part,Where of the prince they shall hear certain news,And learn the way, the manner, and the artTo bring him back to these thy warlike crews,That all thy soldiers, wandered and misgone,Heaven may unite again and join in one.

“But this conclusion shall my speeches end:Know that his blood shall mixed be with thine,Whence barons bold and worthies shall descend,That many great exploits shall bring to fine.”This said, he vanished from his sleeping friend,Like smoke in wind, or mist in Titan’s shine;Sleep fled likewise, and in his troubled thought,With wonder, pleasure; joy, with marvel fought.

The duke looked up, and saw the azure skyWith argent beams of silver morning spread,And started up, for praise axed virtue lieIn toil and travel, sin and shame in bed:His arms he took, his sword girt to his thigh,To his pavilion all his lords them sped,And there in council grave the princes sit,For strength by wisdom, war is ruled by wit.

Lord Guelpho there, within whose gentle breastHeaven had infused that new and sudden thought,His pleasing words thus to the duke addressed:“Good prince, mild, though unasked, kind, unbesought,Oh let thy mercy grant my just request,Pardon this fault by rage not malice wrought;For great offence, I grant, so late commit,My suit too hasty is, perchance unfit.

But since to Godfrey meek benign and kind,For Prince Rinaldo bold, I humbly sue,And that the suitor’s self is not behindThy greatest friends in state or friendship true;I trust I shall thy grace and mercy findAcceptable to me and all this crew;Oh call him home, this trespass to amend,He shall his blood in Godfrey’s service spend.

“And if not he, who else dares undertakeOf this enchanted wood to cut one tree?Gainst death and danger who dares battle make,With so bold face, so fearless heart as he?Beat down these walls, these gates in pieces break,Leap o’er these rampires high, thou shalt him see,Restore therefore to this desirous bandTheir wish, their hope, their strength, their shield, their hand;

“To me my nephew, to thyself restoreA trusty help, when strength of hand thou needs,In idleness let him consume no more,Recall him to his noble acts and deeds!Known be his worth as was his strength of yoreWher’er thy standard broad her cross outspreads,Oh, let his fame and praise spread far and wide,Be thou his lord, his teacher and his guidel”

Thus he entreated, and the rest approveHis words, with friendly murmurs whispered low.Godfrey as though their suit his mind did moveTo that whereon he never thought tell now,“How can my heart,” quoth he, “if you I love,To your request and suit but bend and bow?Let rigor go, that right and justice beWherein you all consent and all agree.

“Rinaldo shall return; let him restrainHenceforth his headstrong wrath and hasty ire,And with his hardy deeds let him take painTo correspond your hope and my desire:Guelpho, thou must call home the knight again,See that with speed he to these tents retire,The messengers appoint as likes thy mind,And teach them where they should the young man find.”

Up start the Dane that bare Prince Sweno’s brand,“I will,” quoth he, “that message undertake,I will refuse no pains by sea or land,To give the knight this sword, kept for his sake.”This man was bold of courage, strong of hand,Guelpho was glad he did the proffer make:“Thou shalt,” quoth he, “Ubaldo shalt thou haveTo go with thee, a knight, stout, wise, and grave.”

Ubaldo in his youth had known and seenThe fashions strange of many an uncouth land,And travelled over all the realms betweenThe Arctic circle and hot Meroe’s strand,And as a man whose wit his guide had been,Their customs use he could, tongues understand,Forthy when spent his youthful seasons wereLord Guelpho entertained and held him dear.

To these committed was the charge and careTo find and bring again the champion bold,Guelpho commands them to the fort repair,Where Boemond doth his seat and sceptre hold,For public fame said that Bertoldo’s heirThere lived, there dwelt, there stayed; the hermit old,That knew they were misled by false report,Among them came, and parleyed in this sort:

“Sir knights,” quoth he, “if you intend to ride,And follow each report fond people say,You follow but a rash and truthless guideThat leads vain men amiss and makes them stray;Near Ascalon go to the salt seaside,Where a swift brook fails in with hideous sway,An aged sire, our friend, there shall you find,All what he saith, that do, that keep in mind.

“Of this great voyage which you undertake,Much by his skill, and much by mine adviseHath he foreknown, and welcome for my sakeYou both shall be, the man is kind and wise.”Instructed thus no further question makeThe twain elected for this enterprise,But humbly yielded to obey his word,For what the hermit said, that said the Lord.

They took their leave, and on their journey went,Their will could brook no stay, their zeal, no let;To Ascalon their voyage straight they bent,Whose broken shores with brackish waves are wet,And there they heard how gainst the cliffs, besprentWith bitter foam, the roaring surges bet,A tumbling brook their passage stopped and stayed,Which late-fall’n rain had proud and puissant made,

So proud that over all his banks he grew,And through the fields ran swift as shaft from bow,While here they stopped and stood, before them drewAn aged sire, grave and benign in show,Crowned with a beechen garland gathered new,Clad in a linen robe that raught down low,In his right hand a rod, and on the floodAgainst the stream he marched, and dry shod yode.

As on the Rhene, when winter’s freezing coldCongeals the streams to thick and hardened glass,The beauties fair of shepherds’ daughters boldWith wanton windlays run, turn, play and pass;So on this river passed the wizard old,Although unfrozen soft and swift it was,And thither stalked where the warriors stayed,To whom, their greetings done, he spoke and said:

“Great pains, great travel, lords, you have begun,And of a cunning guide great need you stand,Far off, alas! is great Bertoldo’s son,Imprisoned in a waste and desert land,What soil remains by which you must not run,What promontory, rock, sea, shore or sandYour search must stretch before the prince be found,Beyond our world, beyond our half of ground!

But yet vouchsafe to see my cell I pray,In hidden caves and vaults though builded low,Great wonders there, strange things I will bewray,Things good for you to hear, and fit to know:”This said, he bids the river make them way,The flood retired, backward gan to flow,And here and there two crystal mountains rise,So fled the Red Sea once, and Jordan thrice.

He took their hands, and led them headlong downUnder the flood, through vast and hollow deeps,Such light they had as when through shadows brownOf thickest deserts feeble Cynthia peeps,Their spacious caves they saw all overflown,There all his waters pure great Neptune keeps,And thence to moisten all the earth he bringsSeas, rivers, floods, lakes, fountains, wells and springs:

Whence Ganges, Indus, Volga, Ister, Po,Whence Euphrates, whence Tigris’ spring they view,Whence Tanais, whence Nilus comes also,Although his head till then no creature knew,But under these a wealthy stream doth go,That sulphur yields and ore, rich, quick and new,Which the sunbeams doth polish, purge and fine,And makes it silver pure, and gold divine.

And all his banks the rich and wealthy streamHath fair beset with pearl and precious stoneLike stars in sky or lamps on stage that seem,The darkness there was day, the night was gone,There sparkled, clothed in his azure-beam,The heavenly sapphire, there the jacinth shone,The carbuncle there flamed, the diamond sheen,There glistered bright, there smiled the emerald green.

Amazed the knights amid these wonders passed,And fixed so deep the marvels in their thought,That not one word they uttered, till at lastUbaldo spake, and thus his guide besought:“O father, tell me by what skill thou hastThese wonders done? and to what place us brought?For well I know not if I wake or sleep,My heart is drowned in such amazement deep.”

“You are within the hollow womb,” quoth he,“Of fertile earth, the nurse of all things made,And but you brought and guided are by me,Her sacred entrails could no wight invade;My palace shortly shall you splendent see,With glorious light, though built in night and shade.A Pagan was I born, but yet the LordTo grace, by baptism, hath my soul restored.

“Nor yet by help of devil, or aid from hell,I do this uncouth work and wondrous feat,The Lord forbid I use or charm or spellTo raise foul Dis from his infernal seat:But of all herbs, of every spring and well,The hidden power I know and virtue great,And all that kind hath hid from mortal sight,And all the stars, their motions, and their might.

“For in these caves I dwell not buried stillFrom sight of Heaven, but often I resortTo tops of Lebanon or Carmel hill,And there in liquid air myself disport,There Mars and Venus I behold at will!As bare as erst when Vulcan took them short,And how the rest roll, glide and move, I see,How their aspects benign or froward be.”

“And underneath my feet the clouds I view,Now thick, now thin, now bright with Iris’ bow,The frost and snow, the rain, the hail, the dew,The winds, from whence they come and whence they blow,How Jove his thunder makes and lightning new,How with the bolt he strikes the earth below,How comate, crinite, caudate stars are framedI knew; my skill with pride my heart inflamed.

“So learned, cunning, wise, myself I thought,That I supposed my wit so high might climbTo know all things that God had framed or wrought,Fire, air, sea, earth, man, beast, sprite, place and time;But when your hermit me to baptism brought,And from my soul had washed the sin and crime,Then I perceived my sight was blindness still,My wit was folly, ignorance my skill.

“Then saw I, that like owls in shining sun,So gainst the beams of truth our souls are blind,And at myself to smile I then begun,And at my heart, puffed up with folly’s wind,Yet still these arts, as I before had done,I practised, such was the hermit’s mind:Thus hath he changed my thoughts, my heart, my will,And rules mine art, my knowledge, and my skill.

“In him I rest, on him my thoughts depend,My lord, my teacher, and my guide is he,This noble work he strives to bring to end,He is the architect, the workmen we,The hardy youth home to this camp to sendFrom prison strong, my care, my charge shall be;So He commands, and me ere this foretoldYour coming oft, to seek the champion bold.”

While this he said, he brought the champions twainDown to a vault, wherein he dwells and lies,It was a cave, high, wide, large, ample, plain,With goodly rooms, halls, chambers, galleries,All what is bred in rich and precious veinOf wealthy earth, and hid from mortal eyes,There shines, and fair adorned was every partWith riches grown by kind, not framed by art:

An hundred grooms, quick, diligent and neat,Attendance gave about these strangers bold,Against the wall there stood a cupboard greatOf massive plate, of silver, crystal, gold.But when with precious wines and costly meatThey filled were, thus spake the wizard old:“Now fits the time, sir knights, I tell and showWhat you desire to hear, and long to know.

“Armida’s craft, her sleight and hidden guileYou partly wot, her acts and arts untrue,How to your camp she came, and by what wileThe greatest lords and princes thence she drew;You know she turned them first to monsters vile,And kept them since closed up in secret mew,Lastly, to Gaza-ward in bonds them sent,Whom young Rinaldo rescued as they went.

“What chanced since I will at large declare,To you unknown, a story strange and true.When first her prey, got with such pain and care,Escaped and gone the witch perceived and knew,Her hands she wrung for grief, her clothes she tare,And full of woe these heavy words outthrew:‘Alas! my knights are slain, my prisoners free,Yet of that conquest never boast shall he,

“‘He in their place shall serve me, and sustainTheir plagues, their torments suffer, sorrows bear,And they his absence shall lament in vain,And wail his loss and theirs with many a tear:’Thus talking to herself she did ordainA false and wicked guile, as you shall hear;Thither she hasted where the valiant knightHad overcome and slain her men in fight.

“Rinaldo there had dolt and left his own,And on his back a Pagan’s harness tied,Perchance he deemed so to pass unknown,And in those arms less noted false to ride.A headless corse in fight late overthrown,The witch in his forsaken arms did hide,And by a brook exposed it on the sandWhither she wished would come a Christian band:

“Their coming might the dame foreknow right well,For secret spies she sent forth thousand ways,Which every day news from the camp might tell,Who parted thence, booties to search or preys:Beside, the sprites conjured by sacred spell,All what she asks or doubts, reveals and says,The body therefore placed she in that partThat furthered best her sleight, her craft and art;

“And near the corpse a varlet false and slyShe left, attired in shepherd’s homely weed,And taught him how to counterfeit and lieAs time required, and he performed the deed;With him your soldiers spoke, of jealousyAnd false suspect mongst them he strewed the seed,That since brought forth the fruit of strife and jar,Of civil brawls, contention, discord, war.

“And as she wished so the soldiers thoughtBy Godfrey’s practice that the prince was slain,Yet vanished that suspicion false to naughtWhen truth spread forth her silver wings againHer false devices thus Armida wrought,This was her first deceit, her foremost train;What next she practised, shall you hear me tell,Against our knight, and what thereof befell.

“Armida hunted him through wood and plain,Till on Orontes’ flowery banks he stayed,There, where the stream did part and meet againAnd in the midst a gentle island made,A pillar fair was pight beside the main,Near which a little frigate floating laid,The marble white the prince did long behold,And this inscription read, there writ in gold:

“‘Whoso thou art whom will or chance doth bringWith happy steps to flood Orontes’ sides,Know that the world hath not so strange a thing,Twixt east and west, as this small island hides,Then pass and see, without more tarrying.’The hasty youth to pass the stream provides,And for the cogs was narrow, small and strait,Alone he rowed, and bade his squires there wait;

“Landed he stalks about, yet naught he seesBut verdant groves, sweet shades, and mossy rocksWith caves and fountains, flowers, herbs and trees,So that the words he read he takes for mocks:But that green isle was sweet at all degrees,Wherewith enticed down sits he and unlocksHis closed helm, and bares his visage fair,To take sweet breath from cool and gentle air.

“A rumbling sound amid the waters deepMeanwhile he heard, and thither turned his sight,And tumbling in the troubled stream took keepHow the strong waves together rush and fight,Whence first he saw, with golden tresses, peepThe rising visage of a virgin bright,And then her neck, her breasts, and all, as lowAs he for shame could see, or she could show.

“So in the twilight does sometimes appearA nymph, a goddess, or a fairy queen,And though no siren but a sprite this wereYet by her beauty seemed it she had beenOne of those sisters false which haunted nearThe Tyrrhene shores and kept those waters sheen,Like theirs her face, her voice was, and her sound,And thus she sung, and pleased both skies and ground:

“‘Ye happy youths, who April fresh and MayAttire in flowering green of lusty age,For glory vain, or virtue’s idle ray,Do not your tender limbs to toil engage;In calm streams, fishes; birds, in sunshine play,Who followeth pleasure he is only sage,So nature saith, yet gainst her sacred willWhy still rebel you, and why strive you still?

“‘O fools who youth possess, yet scorn the same,A precious, but a short-abiding treasure,Virtue itself is but an idle name,Prized by the world ’bove reason all and measure,And honor, glory, praise, renown and fame,That men’s proud harts bewitch with tickling pleasure,An echo is, a shade, a dream, a flower,With each wind blasted, spoiled with every shower.

“‘But let your happy souls in joy possessThe ivory castles of your bodies fair,Your passed harms salve with forgetfulness,Haste not your coming evils with thought and care,Regard no blazing star with burning tress,Nor storm, nor threatening sky, nor thundering air,This wisdom is, good life, and worldly bliss,Kind teacheth us, nature commands us this.’

“Thus sung the spirit false, and stealing sleep,To which her tunes enticed his heavy eyes,By step and step did on his senses creep,Still every limb therein unmoved lies,Not thunders loud could from this slumber deep,Of quiet death true image, make him rise:Then from her ambush forth Armida start,Swearing revenge, and threatening torments smart.

“But when she looked on his face awhile,And saw how sweet he breathed, how still he lay,How his fair eyes though closed seemed to smile,At first she stayed, astound with great dismay,Then sat her down, so love can art beguile,And as she sat and looked, fled fast awayHer wrath, that on his forehead gazed the maid,As in his spring Narcissus tooting laid;

“And with a veil she wiped now and thenFrom his fair cheeks the globes of silver sweat,And cool air gathered with a trembling fan,To mitigate the rage of melting heat,Thus, who would think it, his hot eye-glance canOf that cold frost dissolve the hardness greatWhich late congealed the heart of that fair dame,Who late a foe, a lover now became.

“Of woodbines, lilies, and of roses sweet,Which proudly flowered through that wanton plain,All platted fast, well knit, and joined meet,She framed a soft but surely holding chain,Wherewith she bound his neck his hands and feet;Thus bound, thus taken, did the prince remain,And in a coach which two old dragons drew,She laid the sleeping knight, and thence she flew:

“Nor turned she to Damascus’ kingdoms large,Nor to the fort built in Asphalte’s lake,But jealous of her dear and precious charge,And of her love ashamed, the way did take,To the wide ocean whither skiff or bargeFrom us doth seld or never voyage make,And there to frolic with her love awhile,She chose a waste, a sole and desert isle.

“An isle that with her fellows bears the nameOf Fortunate, for temperate air and mould,There in a mountain high alight the dame,A hill obscured with shades of forests old,Upon whose sides the witch by art did frameContinual snow, sharp frost and winter cold,But on the top, fresh, pleasant, sweet and green,Beside a lake a palace built this queen.

“There in perpetual sweet and flowering spring,She lives at ease, and joys her lord at will;The hardy youth from this strange prison bringYour valors must, directed by my skill,And overcome each monster and each thing,That guards the palace or that keeps the hill,Nor shall you want a guide, or engines fit,To bring you to the mount, or conquer it.

“Beside the stream, yparted shall you findA dame, in visage young, but old in years,Her curled locks about her front are twined,A party-colored robe of silk she wears:This shall conduct you swift as air or wind,Or that flit bird that Jove’s hot weapon bears,A faithful pilot, cunning, trusty, sure,As Tiphys was, or skilful Palinure.

“At the hill’s foot, whereon the witch doth dwell,The serpents hiss, and cast their poison vilde,The ugly boars do rear their bristles fell,There gape the bears, and roar the lions wild;But yet a rod I have can easily quellTheir rage and wrath, and make them meek and mild.Yet on the top and height of all the hill,The greatest danger lies, and greatest ill:

“There welleth out a fair, clear, bubbling spring,Whose waters pure the thirsty guests entice,But in those liquors cold the secret stingOf strange and deadly poison closed lies,One sup thereof the drinker’s heart doth bringTo sudden joy, whence laughter vain doth rise,Nor that strange merriment once stops or stays,Till, with his laughter’s end, he end his days:

“Then from those deadly, wicked streams refrainYour thirsty lips, despise the dainty cheerYou find exposed upon the grassy plain,Nor those false damsels once vouchsafe to hear,That in melodious tunes their voices strain,Whose faces lovely, smiling, sweet, appear;But you their looks, their voice, their songs despise,And enter fair Armida’s paradise.

“The house is builded like a maze within,With turning stairs, false doors and winding ways,The shape whereof plotted in vellum thinI will you give, that all those sleights bewrays,In midst a garden lies, where many a ginAnd net to catch frail hearts, false Cupid lays;There in the verdure of the arbors green,With your brave champion lies the wanton queen.

“But when she haply riseth from the knight,And hath withdrawn her presence from the place,Then take a shield I have of diamonds bright,And hold the same before the young man’s face,That he may glass therein his garments light,And wanton soft attire, and view his case,That with the sight shame and disdain may moveHis heart to leave that base and servile love.

“Now resteth naught that needful is to tell,But that you go secure, safe, sure and bold,Unseen the palace may you enter well,And pass the dangers all I have foretold,For neither art, nor charm, nor magic spell,Can stop your passage or your steps withhold,Nor shall Armida, so you guarded be,Your coming aught foreknow or once foresee:

“And eke as safe from that enchanted fortYou shall return and scape unhurt away;But now the time doth us to rest exhort,And you must rise by peep of springing day.”This said, he led them through a narrow port,Into a lodging fair wherein they lay,There glad and full of thoughts he left his guests,And in his wonted bed the old man rests.

Words in this poem 122
zephyr n.
The west wind; poetically, any soft, gentle breeze. [L. zephyrus, Gr. zéphyr.]
oblivion n.
The act of forgetting, or the state of being forgotten; cessation of remembrance; forgetfulness. [L. oblivio, akin to oblivisci to forget: cf. OF. oblivion.]
phoebus n.
Apollo; the sun god.
bespread v. t.
To spread or cover over.
wondrous adv.
In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]
unwares adv.
Unawares; unexpectedly; -- sometimes preceded by at.
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
outright adv.
Immediately; without delay; at once; as, he was killed outright.
quoth v. t.
Said; spoke; uttered; -- used only in the first and third persons in the past tenses, and always followed by its nominative, the word or words said being the object; as, quoth I. quoth he. [AS.cweedhan, imp cwæedh, pl. cwædon; akin to OS. queedhan, OHG. quethan, quedan, Icel. kveedha, Goth. qiþan. sq. root22. Cf. Bequeath.]
mould n.
Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]
unknit v. t.
To undo or unravel what is knitted together. [1st un- + knit.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.
baldwin n.
A kind of reddish, moderately acid, winter apple. [U.S.]
yonder adv.
At a distance, but within view. [OE. yonder, ýonder; cf. OD. ginder, Goth. jaindr there. Yond, adv.]
isle v. t.
To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
sometime adv.
At a past time indefinitely referred to; once; formerly.
marish n.
Low, wet ground; a marsh; a fen; a bog; a moor. [Cf. F. marais, LL. marascus. See Marsh.]
strangely adv.
As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to something foreign and strange.
wondered a.
Having performed wonders; able to perform wonderful things.
wherefore adv.
For which reason; so; -- used relatively. [Where + for.]
enchanted a.
Under the power of enchantment; possessed or exercised by enchanters; as, an enchanted castle.
treen a.
Made of wood; wooden. [AS. treówen.]
recomfort v. t.
To comfort again; to console anew; to give new strength to. [Pref. re- + comfort: cf. F. réconforter.]
entreat v. t.
To treat, or conduct toward; to deal with; to use. [OE. entreten to treat, request, OF. entraiter to treat of; pref. en- (L. in) + traitier to treat. See Treat.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
betide v. t.
To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe betide the wanderer. [OE. bitiden; pref. bi-, be- + tiden, fr. AS. tidan, to happen, fr. tid time. See Tide.]
ruth n.
Sorrow for the misery of another; pity; tenderness. [From Rue, v.: cf. Icel. hryggedh, hrygedh.]
offence n.
The act of offending in any sense; esp., a crime or a sin, an affront or an injury. [F., fr. L. offensa. See Offend.]
sapient a.
Wise; sage; discerning; -- often in irony or contempt. [L. sapiens, -entis, p.pr. of sapere to taste to have sense, to know. See Sage, a.]
duke n.
A leader; a chief; a prince. [F. duc, fr. L. dux, ducis, leader, commander, fr. ducere to lead; akin to AS. teón to draw; cf. AS. heretoga (here army) an army leader, general, G. herzog duke]
argent n.
Silver, or money. [F. argent, fr. L. argentum, silver; akin to Gr. rajata white, silver, raj to shine, Ir. arg white, milk, airgiod silver, money, and L. arguere to make clear. Se]
girt v. t.
To gird; to encircle; to invest by means of a girdle; to measure the girth of; as, to girt a tree. [From Girt, n., cf. Girth, v.]
pavilion n.
A temporary movable habitation; a large tent; a marquee; esp., a tent raised on posts. [F. pavillon, fr. L. pavilio a butterfly, also, a tent, because spread out like a butterfly's wings.]
humbly adv.
With humility; lowly.
nephew n.
A grandson or grandchild, or remoter lineal descendant. [OE. neveu, nevou, nevu, fr. F. neveu, OF. also, nevou, L. nepos; akin to AS. nefa, D. neef, G. neffe, OHG. nevo, Icel. nefi a kinsman, gr. nepat grandson, desce]
needs adv.
Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
yore adv.
In time long past; in old time; long since. [OE. , yare, , AS. geára;akin to geár a year, E. year. Year.]
whereon adv.
On which; -- used relatively; as, the earth whereon we live.
henceforth adv.
From this time forward; henceforward.
dane n.
A native, or a naturalized inhabitant, of Denmark. Great Dane. [LL. Dani: cf. AS. Dene.]
sceptre n.
A staff or baton borne by a sovereign, as a ceremonial badge or emblem of authority; a royal mace. [F. sceptre, L. sceptrum, from Gr. shaft. See Shaft, and cf. Scape a stem, shaft.]
stayed a.
Staid; fixed; settled; sober; -- now written staid. See Staid.
intend v. t.
To stretch' to extend; to distend. [OE. entenden to be attentive, F. entendre, fr. L. intendre, intentum, and intensum, to intend, attend, stretch out, extend; pref. in- in + tendere to stretch, s]
truthless a.
Devoid of truth; dishonest; dishonest; spurious; faithless.
seaside n.
The land bordering on, or adjacent to, the sea; the seashore.
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
saith
3d pers. sing. pres. of Say.
twain a.
Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
besprent p. p.
Sprinkled over; strewed. [OE. bespreynt, p. p. of besprengen, bisprengen, to besprinkle, AS. besprengan, akin to D. & G. besprengen; pref. be- + sprengan to sprinkle. See Sprinkle.]
puissant a.
Powerful; strong; mighty; forcible; as, a puissant prince or empire. [F., originally, a p. pr. formed fr. L. posse to be able: cf. L. potens powerful. See Potent.]
beechen a.
Consisting, or made, of the wood or bark of the beech; belonging to the beech. [AS. b.]
clad v.
To clothe. Holland.
yode
Went; walked; proceeded. See Yede. [OE. yode, yede, , , eode, AS. eóde, used as the imp. of gan to go; akin to Goth. iddja I, he, went, L. ire to go, Gr. i, ya. Issue.]
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
vouchsafe v. t.
To condescend to grant; to concede; to bestow. [Vouch + safe, that is, to vouch or answer for safety.]
bewray v. t.
To expose; to reveal; to disclose; to betray. [OE. bewraien, biwreyen; pref. be- + AS. wr to accuse, betray; akin to OS. wr, OHG. ruog, G. rügen, Icel. rægja, Goth. wr to accuse.]
jordan n.
A pot or vessel with a large neck, formerly used by physicians and alchemists. Halliwell. [Prob. fr. the river Jordan, and shortened fr. Jordan bottle a bottle of water from the Jordan, brought back by pilgrims.]
sheen v. i.
To shine; to glisten.
amazement n.
The condition of being amazed; bewilderment ; overwhelming wonder, as from surprise, sudden fear, horror, or admiration.
womb n.
The belly; the abdomen. [OE. wombe, wambe, AS. wamb, womb; akin to D. wam belly, OS. & OHG. wamba, G. wamme, wampe, Icel. vömb, Sw. v&mb, Dan. vom, Goth. wamba.]
wight n.
A whit; a bit; a jot. [OE. wight, wiht, a wight, a whit, AS. wiht, wuht, a creature, a thing; skin to D. wicht a child, OS. & OHG. wiht a creature, thing, G. wicht a creature, Icel. v]
shortly adv.
In a short or brief time or manner; soon; quickly. [AS. sceortlice.]
splendent a.
Shining; glossy; beaming with light; lustrous; as, splendent planets; splendent metals. See the Note under 3d Luster, 4. [L. splendens, -entis, p. pr. of splendere to shine.]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
disport n.
Play; sport; pastime; diversion; playfulness. [OF. desport, deport. See Disport, v. i., and cf. Sport.]
jove n.
The chief divinity of the ancient Romans; Jupiter. [L. Jupiter, gen. Jovis, OL. Jovis, nom. & gen. for Djovis; akin to E. Tuesday. See Tuesday, and cf. Jupiter.]
comate a.
Encompassed with a coma, or bushy appearance, like hair; hairy. [L. comatus, fr. comare to clothe with hair, fr. coma hair.]
crinite a.
Having the appearance of a tuft of hair; having a hairlike tail or train. [L. crinitus, p. p. of crinire to provide or cover with hair, fr. crinis hair.]
caudate a.
Having a taill; having a termination like a tail. [L. cauda tail.]
sprite n.
A spirit; a soul; a shade; also, an apparition. See Spright. [OE. sprit, F. esprit, fr. L. spiritus. See Spirit, and cf. Sprightly.]
goodly a.
Pleasant; agreeable; desirable. [OE. godlich, AS. g. See Good, and Like.]
attendance n.
Attention; regard; careful application. [OE. attendance, OF. atendance, fr. atendre, F. attendre. See Attend, v. t.]
craft n.
Strength; might; secret power. [AS. cr strength, skill, art, cunning; akin to OS., G., Sw., & Dan. kraft strength, D. kracht, Icel. kraptr; perh. originally, a drawing together, stretching, fr]
sleight n.
Cunning; craft; artful practice. [OE. sleighte, sleihte, sleithe, Icel. sl (for sl) slyness, cunning, fr. sl (for sl) sly, cunning. See Sly.]
wile n.
A trick or stratagem practiced for insnaring or deception; a sly, insidious; artifice; a beguilement; an allurement. [OE. wile, AS. wil; cf. Icel. v, væl. Cf. Guile.]
lastly adv.
In the last place; in conclusion.
valiant a.
Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; as, a valiant fencer. [OE. valiant, F. vaillant, OF. vaillant, valant, originally p. pr. of OF. & F. valoir to be worth, L. valere to be strong. See Wield, and cf. Avail, Convalesce, ]
headless a.
Having no head; beheaded; as, a headless body, neck, or carcass. [AS. heáfodleás.]
corse n.
A living body or its bulk. [OF. cors, F. corps. See Corpse.]
whither adv.
To what place; -- used interrogatively; as, whither goest thou [OE. whider. AS. hwider; akin to E. where, who; cf. Goth. hvadre whither. See Who, and cf. Hither, Thither.]
dame n.
A mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority; especially, a lady. [F. dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord; akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and cf. Dam mother, Dan, Danger]
foreknow v. t.
To have previous knowledge of; to know beforehand.
corpse n.
A human body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes contemptuosly. [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F. corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse, Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]
varlet n.
A servant, especially to a knight; an attendant; a valet; a footman. Spenser. Tusser. [OF. varlet, vaslet, vallet, servant, young man, young noble, dim of vassal. See Vassal, and cf. Valet.]
attired p. p.
Provided with antlers, as a stag.
homely a.
Belonging to, or having the characteristics of, home; domestic; familiar; intimate. [From Home, n.]
strife n.
The act of striving; earnest endeavor. [OF. estrif. See Strive.]
pight p. p.
Pitched; fixed; determined.
whoso pron.
Whosoever. Piers Plowman.
bade
A form of the pat tense of Bid.
wherewith adv.
With which; -- used relatively.
visage n.
The face, countenance, or look of a person or an animal; -- chiefly applied to the human face. [F. visage, from L. visus a seeing, a look, fr. videre, visum, to see. See Vision.]
rumbling
a. & n. from Rumble, v. i.
meanwhile n.
The intervening time; as, in the meantime (or mean time).
haunted a.
Inhabited by, or subject to the visits of, apparitions; frequented by a ghost.
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
rebel a.
Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops. [F. rebelle, fr. L. rebellis. See Rebel, v. t.]
blasted a.
Blighted; withered.
tress n.
A braid, knot, or curl, of hair; a ringlet. [OE. tresse, OF. trece, F. tresse, LL. tricia, fr. Gr. tri`cha threefold, because a tress is usually formed by interlacing three pieces; akin to trei^s three. Se]
thundering a.
Emitting thunder.
unmoved a.
Not moved; fixed; firm; unshaken; calm; apathetic.
awhile adv.
For a while; for some time; for a short time. [Adj. a + while time, interval.]
astound a.
Stunned; astounded; astonished. [OE. astouned, astound, astoned, p. p. of astone. See Astone.]
narcissus n.
A genus of endogenous bulbous plants with handsome flowers, having a cup-shaped crown within the six-lobed perianth, and comprising the daffodils and jonquils of several kinds. [L. narcissus, and (personified) Narcissus, Gr. na`rkissos, Na`rkissos, fr. na`rkh torpor, in allusion to the narcotic properties of the flower. Cf. Narcotic.]
skiff n.
A small, light boat. [F. esquif, fr. OHG. skif, G. schiff. See Ship.]
seld a.
Rare; uncommon; unusual. Chaucer. [See Seldom.]
flit a.
Nimble; quick; swift. See Fleet.
quell v. t.
To take the life of; to kill. [OE. quellen to kill, AS. cwellan, causative of cwelan to die; akin to OHG. quellen to torment, Icel. kvelja. See Quail to cower.]
despise v. t.
To look down upon with disfavor or contempt; to contemn; to scorn; to disdain; to have a low opinion or contemptuous dislike of. [OF. despis-, in some forms of despire to despise, fr. L. despicere, despectum, to look down upon, despise; de- + spicere, specere, to look. See Spy, and cf. Des]
dainty n.
Value; estimation; the gratification or pleasure taken in anything. [OE. deinie, dainte, deintie, deyntee, OF. deintié delicacy, orig., dignity, honor, fr. L. dignitas, fr. dignus worthy. See Deign, and cf. Dignity.]
maze n.
A wild fancy; a confused notion. [OE. mase; cf. OE. masen to confuse, puzzle, Norweg. masast to fall into a slumber, masa to be continually busy, prate, chatter, Icel. masa to chatter, dial. Sw.]
whereof adv.
Of which; of whom; formerly, also, with which; -- used relatively.
cupid
The god of love, son of Venus; usually represented as a naked, winged boy with bow and arrow. [L.Cupido, fr. cupido desire, desire of love, fr. cupidus. See Cupidity.]
haply adv.
By hap, chance, luck, or accident; perhaps; it may be.
needful a.
Full of need; in need or want; needy; distressing.
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
aught n.
Property; possession. [AS. , fr. agan to own, p. p. ahte.]
foresee v. i.
To have or exercise foresight.
wonted a.
Accustomed; customary; usual.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Fourteenth Book is in the public domain. This text is taken from Jerusalem Delivered, Project Gutenberg ebook #392, the Edward Fairfax translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Torquato Tasso, Fourteenth Book, in Jerusalem Delivered (1600), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #392, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/jerusalem-delivered/fourteenth-book.html, id L14360.

Form and metre

Fourteenth Book is 640 lines in 80 stanzas of 8 lines each. Every stanza rhymes ABABABCC, the Ottava rima. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 97% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 16 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 20% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end. Rhymes that have moved apart since the poem was written: been / seen, host / lost.

See other poems in ottava rima, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABABCC showA · lastB · sueA · hasteB · foreknewA · placedB · declaresC · snaresC
  2. 2 ABABABCC bedA · flewB · shedA · dewB · spreadA · blueB · wingsC · bringsC
  3. 3 ABABABCC dayA · lakeB · swayA · wakeB · rayA · sakeB · sentC · intentC
  4. 4 ABABABCC besideA · isB · wideA · thisB · guideA · hisB · bedC · bespreadC
  5. 5 ABABABCC fairA · appearB · airA · sphereB · rareA · wereB · wideC · sideC
  6. 6 ABABABCC vastA · harmonyB · embracedA · eyeB · passedA · nighB · hereC · dearC
  7. 7 ABABABCC lightA · placeB · quiteA · faceB · outrightA · embraceB · twinedC · windC
  8. 8 ABABABCC heA · mouldB · seeA · holdB · theeA · boldB · unknitC · sitC
  9. 9 ABABABCC runA · reignB · doneA · slainB · wonA · againB · frameC · sameC
  10. 10 ABABABCC desireA · beholdB · fireA · rolledB · choirA · mouldB · seeC · treeC
  11. 11 ABABABCC priceA · gainB · uptiesA · containB · liesA · mainB · greatC · straitC
  12. 12 ABABABCC downA · smiledB · townA · compiledB · drownA · vildB · fameC · sameC
  13. 13 ABABABCC yetA · clayB · letA · wayB · setA · strayB · callC · allC
  14. 14 ABABABCC blissA · bandB · isA · landB · hisA · handB · supplyC · denyC
  15. 15 ABABABCC treenA · hewB · beenA · newB · greenA · viewB · allC · fallC
  16. 16 ABABABCC soA · meB · knowA · seeB · goA · beB · manC · canC
  17. 17 ABABABCC repliedA · blestB · guideA · leastB · betideA · requestB · ruthC · youthC
  18. 18 ABABABCC inspireA · commitB · ireA · itB · desireA · sitB · speedC · needC
  19. 19 ABABABCC heartA · shewsB · partA · newsB · artA · crewsB · misgoneC · oneC
  20. 20 ABABABCC endA · thineB · descendA · fineB · friendA · shineB · thoughtC · foughtC
  21. 21 ABABABCC skyA · spreadB · lieA · bedB · thighA · spedB · sitC · witC
  22. 22 ABABABCC breastA · thoughtB · addressedA · unbesoughtB · requestA · wroughtB · commitC · unfitC
  23. 23 ABABABCC kindA · sueB · behindA · trueB · findA · crewB · amendC · spendC
  24. 24 ABABABCC undertakeA · treeB · makeA · heB · breakA · seeB · bandC · handC
  25. 25 ABABABCC restoreA · needsB · moreA · deedsB · yoreA · outspreadsB · wideC · guidelC
  26. 26 ABABABCC approveA · lowB · moveA · nowB · loveA · bowB · beC · agreeC
  27. 27 ABABABCC restrainA · ireB · painA · desireB · againA · retireB · mindC · findC
  28. 28 ABABABCC brandA · undertakeB · landA · sakeB · handA · makeB · haveC · graveC
  29. 29 ABABABCC seenA · landB · betweenA · strandB · beenA · understandB · wereC · dearC
  30. 30 ABABABCC careA · boldB · repairA · holdB · heirA · oldB · reportC · sortC
  31. 31 ABABABCC rideA · sayB · guideA · strayB · seasideA · swayB · findC · mindC
  32. 32 ABABABCC undertakeA · adviseB · sakeA · wiseB · makeA · enterpriseB · wordC · lordC
  33. 33 ABABABCC wentA · letB · bentA · wetB · besprentA · betB · stayedC · madeC
  34. 34 ABABABCC grewA · bowB · drewA · showB · newA · lowB · floodC · yodeC
  35. 35 ABABABCC coldA · glassB · boldA · passB · oldA · wasB · stayedC · saidC
  36. 36 ABABABCC begunA · standB · sonA · landB · runA · sandB · foundC · groundC
  37. 37 ABABABCC prayA · lowB · bewrayA · knowB · wayA · flowB · riseC · thriceC
  38. 38 ABABABCC downA · deepsB · brownA · peepsB · overflownA · keepsB · bringsC · springsC
  39. 39 ABABABCC poA · viewB · alsoA · knewB · goA · newB · fineC · divineC
  40. 40 ABABABCC streamA · stoneB · seemA · goneB · beamA · shoneB · sheenC · greenC
  41. 41 ABABABCC passedA · thoughtB · lastA · besoughtB · hastA · broughtB · sleepC · deepC
  42. 42 ABABABCC heA · madeB · meA · invadeB · seeA · shadeB · lordC · restoredC
  43. 43 ABABABCC hellA · featB · spellA · seatB · wellA · greatB · sightC · mightC
  44. 44 ABABABCC stillA · resortB · hillA · disportB · willA · shortB · seeC · beC
  45. 45 ABABABCC viewA · bowB · dewA · blowB · newA · belowB · framedC · inflamedC
  46. 46 ABABABCC thoughtA · climbB · wroughtA · timeB · broughtA · crimeB · stillC · skillC
  47. 47 ABABABCC sunA · blindB · begunA · windB · doneA · mindB · willC · skillC
  48. 48 ABABABCC dependA · heB · endA · weB · sendA · beB · foretoldC · boldC
  49. 49 ABABABCC twainA · liesB · plainA · galleriesB · veinA · eyesB · partC · artC
  50. 50 ABABABCC neatA · boldB · greatA · goldB · meatA · oldB · showC · knowC
  51. 51 ABABABCC guileA · untrueB · wileA · drewB · vileA · mewB · sentC · wentC
  52. 52 ABABABCC declareA · trueB · careA · knewB · tareA · outthrewB · freeC · heC
  53. 53 ABABABCC sustainA · bearB · vainA · tearB · ordainA · hearB · knightC · fightC
  54. 54 ABABABCC ownA · tiedB · unknownA · rideB · overthrownA · hideB · sandC · bandC
  55. 55 ABABABCC wellA · waysB · tellA · preysB · spellA · saysB · partC · artC
  56. 56 ABABABCC slyA · weedB · lieA · deedB · jealousyA · seedB · jarC · warC
  57. 57 ABABABCC thoughtA · slainB · naughtA · againB · wroughtA · trainB · tellC · befellC
  58. 58 ABABABCC plainA · stayedB · againA · madeB · mainA · laidB · beholdC · goldC
  59. 59 ABABABCC bringA · sidesB · thingA · hidesB · tarryingA · providesB · straitC · waitC
  60. 60 ABABABCC seesA · rocksB · treesA · mocksB · degreesA · unlocksB · fairC · airC
  61. 61 ABABABCC deepA · sightB · keepA · fightB · peepA · brightB · lowC · showC
  62. 62 ABABABCC appearA · queenB · wereA · beenB · nearA · sheenB · soundC · groundC
  63. 63 ABABABCC mayA · ageB · rayA · engageB · playA · sageB · willC · stillC
  64. 64 ABABABCC sameA · treasureB · nameA · measureB · fameA · pleasureB · flowerC · showerC
  65. 65 ABABABCC possessA · fairB · forgetfulnessA · careB · tressA · airB · blissC · thisC
  66. 66 ABABABCC sleepA · eyesB · creepA · liesB · deepA · riseB · startC · smartC
  67. 67 ABABABCC awhileA · layB · smileA · dismayB · beguileA · awayB · maidC · laidC
  68. 68 ABABABCC thenA · sweatB · fanA · heatB · canA · greatB · dameC · becameC
  69. 69 ABABABCC sweetA · plainB · meetA · chainB · feetA · remainB · drewC · flewC
  70. 70 ABABABCC largeA · lakeB · chargeA · takeB · bargeA · makeB · awhileC · isleC
  71. 71 ABABABCC nameA · mouldB · dameA · oldB · frameA · coldB · greenC · queenC
  72. 72 ABABABCC springA · willB · bringA · skillB · thingA · hillB · fitC · itC
  73. 73 ABABABCC findA · yearsB · twinedA · wearsB · windA · bearsB · sureC · palinureC
  74. 74 ABABABCC dwellA · vildeB · fellA · wildB · quellA · mildB · hillC · illC
  75. 75 ABABABCC springA · enticeB · stingA · liesB · bringA · riseB · staysC · daysC
  76. 76 ABABABCC refrainA · cheerB · plainA · hearB · strainA · appearB · despiseC · paradiseC
  77. 77 ABABABCC withinA · waysB · thinA · bewraysB · ginA · laysB · greenC · queenC
  78. 78 ABABABCC knightA · placeB · brightA · faceB · lightA · caseB · moveC · loveC
  79. 79 ABABABCC tellA · boldB · wellA · foretoldB · spellA · withholdB · beC · foreseeC
  80. 80 ABABABCC fortA · awayB · exhortA · dayB · portA · layB · guestsC · restsC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The Lord to Godfrey in a dream doth show10···/˘·····
His will; Rinaldo must return at last;10··˘/˘·˘/··
They have their asking who for pardon sue:10···/˘··/˘·
Two knights to find the prince are sent in haste,10··········
But Peter, who by vision all foreknew,11·/˘··/˘····
Sendeth the searchers to a wizard, placed10/˘·/˘··/˘·
Deep in a vault, who first at large declares10········˘/
Armida’s trains, then how to shun those snares.10˘/˘·······
Now from the fresh, the soft and tender bed10·······/˘·
Of her still mother, gentle night out flew,10···/˘/˘···
The fleeting balm on hills and dales she shed,10·/˘·······
With honey drops of pure and precious dew,10·/˘····/˘·
And on the verdure of green forests spread10···/˘··/˘·
The virgin primrose and the violet blue,10·/˘/···/˘·
And sweet-breathed Zephyr on his spreading wings,10···/˘··/˘·
Sleep, ease, repose, rest, peace and quiet brings.10··˘/···/˘·
The thoughts and troubles of broad-waking day,10···/˘··/˘·
They softly dipped in mild Oblivion’s lake;10·/˘···˘/˘·
But he whose Godhead heaven and earth doth sway,10···/·/····
In his eternal light did watch and wake,10··˘/˘·····
And bent on Godfrey down the gracious ray10···/˘··/˘·
Of his bright eye, still ope for Godfrey’s sake,10·······/˘·
To whom a silent dream the Lord down sent.10···/˘·····
Which told his will, his pleasure and intent.10·····/˘·˘/
Far in the east, the golden gate beside10·····/˘·˘/
Whence Phoebus comes, a crystal port there is,10·/˘··/˘···
And ere the sun his broad doors open wide10·······/˘·
The beam of springing day uncloseth this,10···/˘·····
Hence comes the dreams, by which heaven’s sacred guide11······/˘/˘·
Reveals to man those high degrees of his,10˘/····˘/··
Hence toward Godfrey ere he left his bed10···/˘·····
A vision strange his golden plumes bespread.10·/˘··/˘·˘/
Such semblances, such shapes, such portraits fair,10·/˘˘···/˘·
Did never yet in dream or sleep appear,10·/˘·····˘/
For all the forms in sea, in earth or air,10··········
The signs in heaven, the stars in every sphere10···/···/˘·
All that was wondrous, uncouth, strange and rare,10···/˘//···
All in that vision well presented were.10···/˘·˘/˘·
His dream had placed him in a crystal wide,10·······/˘·
Beset with golden fires, top, bottom, side,10˘/·/˘/·/˘·
There while he wondereth on the circles vast,10···/˘··/˘·
The stars, their motions, course and harmony,10···/˘··/˘˘
A knight, with shining rays and fire embraced,10···/˘··/˘/
Presents himself unwares before his eye,10˘/˘/˘/····
Who with a voice that far for sweetness passed10·······/˘·
All human speech, thus said, approaching nigh:10·/˘···˘/˘·
“What, Godfrey, knowest thou not thy Hugo here?11·/˘/˘···/˘·
Come and embrace thy friend and fellow dear!”10··˘/···/˘·
He answered him, “Thy glorious shining light10·/˘··/˘/˘·
Which in thine eyes his glistering beams doth place,11···········
Estranged hath from my foreknowledge quite10˘/˘···˘/˘·
Thy countenance, thy favor, and thy face:”10·/˘˘·/˘···
This said, three times he stretched his hands outright10········//
And would in friendly arms the knight embrace,10···/˘···˘/
And thrice the spirit fled, that thrice he twined10···/˘·····
Naught in his folded arms but air and wind.10···/˘·····
Lord Hugo smiled, “Not as you think,” quoth he,10·/˘·······
“I clothed am in flesh and earthly mould,10··˘····/˘·
My spirit pure, and naked soul, you see,10·/˘··/˘···
A citizen of this celestial hold:10·/˘˘··˘/˘·
This place is heaven, and here a room for thee10···/······
Prepared is among Christ’s champions bold:”10˘/····/˘˘·
“Ah when,” quoth he, “these mortal bonds unknit,10·····/˘·˘/
Shall I in peace, in ease and rest there sit?”10··········
Hugo replied, “Ere many years shall run,10/˘˘/·/˘···
Amid the saints in bliss here shalt thou reign;10˘/········
But first great wars must by thy hand be done,10··········
Much blood be shed, and many Pagans slain,10·····/˘/˘·
The holy city by assault be won,10·/˘/˘·˘/··
The land set free from servile yoke again,10·····/˘·˘/
Wherein thou shalt a Christian empire frame,10·····/˘/˘·
And after thee shall Baldwin rule the same.10·····/˘···
“But to increase thy love and great desire11··˘/····˘/˘
To heavenward, this blessed place behold,10·/˘˘··˘·˘/
These shining lamps, these globes of living fire,11·/˘····/˘/˘
How they are turned, guided, moved and rolled;10····˘/˘···
The angels’ singing hear, and all their choir;11·/˘/˘····/˘
Then bend thine eyes on yonder earth and mould,10·····/˘···
All in that mass, that globe and compass see,10·······/˘·
Land, sea, spring, fountain, man, beast, grass and tree.10···/˘·····
“How vile, how small, and of how slender price,10·······/˘·
Is their reward of goodness, virtue’s gain!10··˘/·/˘/˘·
A narrow room our glory vain upties,10·/˘·/˘/˘··
A little circle doth our pride contain,10·/˘/˘·/·˘/
Earth like an isle amid the water lies,10····˘/·/˘·
Which sea sometime is called, sometime the main,10··/···/···
Yet naught therein responds a name so great,10····˘/····
It’s but a lake, a pond, a marish strait.”10·······/˘·
Thus said the one, the other bended down10·····/˘/˘·
His looks to ground, and half in scorn he smiled,10··········
He saw at once earth, sea, flood, castle, town,10·······/˘·
Strangely divided, strangely all compiled,10/˘˘/˘/˘·˘/
And wondered folly man so far should drown,10·/˘/˘·····
To set his heart on things so base and vild,10··········
That servile empire searcheth and dumb fame,10·/˘/˘/˘···
And scorns heaven’s bliss, yet proffereth heaven the same.11··/˘··/˘/··
Wherefore he answered, “Since the Lord not yet10/˘·/˘·····
Will free my spirit from this cage of clay,10···/˘·····
Lest worldly error vain my voyage let,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Teach me to heaven the best and surest way:”10···/···/˘·
Hugo replied, “Thy happy foot is set10/˘˘/·/˘···
In the true path, nor from this passage stray,10·······/˘·
Only from exile young Rinaldo call,10/˘·/··˘/˘·
This give I thee in charge, else naught at all.10··········
“For as the Lord of hosts, the King of bliss,10··········
Hath chosen thee to rule the faithful band;10·/˘····/˘·
So he thy stratagems appointed is10···/˘˘˘/˘·
To execute, so both shall win this land:10·/˘·······
The first is thine, the second place is his,10·····/˘···
Thou art this army’s head, and he the hand,10···/˘·····
No other champion can his place supply,10·/˘/˘···˘/
And that thou do it doth thy state deny.10········˘/
“The enchanted forest, and her charmed treen,10·˘/˘/˘····
With cutting steel shall he to earth down hew,10·/˘·······
And thy weak armies which too feeble been10···/˘··/˘·
To scale again these walls reinforced new,10··˘/···˘/·
And fainting lie dispersed on the green,10·/˘·˘/˘···
Shall take new strength new courage at his view,10·····/˘···
The high-built towers, the eastern squadrons all,10···/·/˘/˘·
Shall conquered be, shall fly, shall die, shall fall.”10·/˘·······
He held his peace; and Godfrey answered so:10·····/˘/˘·
“Oh, how his presence would recomfort me!10···/˘·˘/˘·
You that man’s hidden thoughts perceive and know:10···/˘·˘/··
If I say truth, or if I love him, see.10··········
But say, what messengers shall for him go?10···/˘˘····
What shall their speeches, what their errand be?10···/˘··/˘·
Shall I entreat, or else command the man?10··˘/··˘/··
With credit neither well perform I can.”10·/˘/˘·˘/··
“The eternal Lord,” the other knight replied,11·˘/˘··/˘·˘/
“That with so many graces hath thee blest,10···/˘/˘···
Will, that among the troops thou hast to guide,10··········
Thou honored be and feared of most and least:10·/˘·······
Then speak not thou lest blemish some betide10·····/˘·˘/
Thy sacred empire if thou make request;10·/˘/˘···˘/
But when by suit thou moved art to ruth,10······˘···
Then yield, forgive, and home recall the youth.10··˘/··˘/··
“Guelpho shall pray thee, God shall him inspire,10········˘/
To pardon this offence, this fault commit10·/˘·˘/··˘/
By hasty wrath, by rash and headstrong ire,10·/˘····/··
To call the knight again; yield thou to it:10····˘/····
And though the youth, enwrapped in fond desire,11········˘/˘
Far hence in love and looseness idle sit,10·····/˘/˘·
Year fear it not, he shall return with speed,10······˘/··
When most you wish him and when most you need.10··········
“Your hermit Peter, to whose sapient heart11·/˘/˘··/˘˘·
High Heaven his secrets opens, tells and shews,10·/·/˘/˘···
Your messengers direct can to that part,10·/˘˘˘/····
Where of the prince they shall hear certain news,10·······/˘·
And learn the way, the manner, and the art10·····/˘···
To bring him back to these thy warlike crews,10·······/··
That all thy soldiers, wandered and misgone,10···/˘/˘···
Heaven may unite again and join in one.10/·/·˘/····
“But this conclusion shall my speeches end:10··˘/˘··/˘·
Know that his blood shall mixed be with thine,10······˘···
Whence barons bold and worthies shall descend,10·/˘··/˘·˘/
That many great exploits shall bring to fine.”10·/˘·/·····
This said, he vanished from his sleeping friend,10···/˘··/˘·
Like smoke in wind, or mist in Titan’s shine;10·······/˘·
Sleep fled likewise, and in his troubled thought,10··/····/˘·
With wonder, pleasure; joy, with marvel fought.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
The duke looked up, and saw the azure sky10·······/˘·
With argent beams of silver morning spread,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
And started up, for praise axed virtue lie10·/˘····/˘·
In toil and travel, sin and shame in bed:10···/˘·····
His arms he took, his sword girt to his thigh,10··········
To his pavilion all his lords them sped,10··˘/˘·····
And there in council grave the princes sit,10···/˘··/˘·
For strength by wisdom, war is ruled by wit.10···/˘·····
Lord Guelpho there, within whose gentle breast10·······/˘·
Heaven had infused that new and sudden thought,10/·˘/···/˘·
His pleasing words thus to the duke addressed:10·/˘·····˘/
“Good prince, mild, though unasked, kind, unbesought,10··········
Oh let thy mercy grant my just request,10···/˘···˘/
Pardon this fault by rage not malice wrought;10/˘·····/˘·
For great offence, I grant, so late commit,10··˘/····˘/
My suit too hasty is, perchance unfit.10···/˘·˘/˘/
But since to Godfrey meek benign and kind,10···/˘·˘/··
For Prince Rinaldo bold, I humbly sue,10··˘/˘··/˘·
And that the suitor’s self is not behind10···/˘·····
Thy greatest friends in state or friendship true;10·/˘····/˘·
I trust I shall thy grace and mercy find10·······/˘·
Acceptable to me and all this crew;10˘/˘˘······
Oh call him home, this trespass to amend,10·····/··˘/
He shall his blood in Godfrey’s service spend.10·····/˘/˘·
“And if not he, who else dares undertake10·······/˘·
Of this enchanted wood to cut one tree?10··˘/˘·····
Gainst death and danger who dares battle make,10···/˘··/˘·
With so bold face, so fearless heart as he?10·····/˘···
Beat down these walls, these gates in pieces break,10·······/˘·
Leap o’er these rampires high, thou shalt him see,10··········
Restore therefore to this desirous band10˘/····˘/˘·
Their wish, their hope, their strength, their shield, their hand;10··········
“To me my nephew, to thyself restore10···/˘·˘/˘/
A trusty help, when strength of hand thou needs,10·/˘·······
In idleness let him consume no more,10·/˘˘··˘/··
Recall him to his noble acts and deeds!10˘/···/˘···
Known be his worth as was his strength of yore10··········
Wher’er thy standard broad her cross outspreads,10···/˘·····
Oh, let his fame and praise spread far and wide,10··········
Be thou his lord, his teacher and his guidel”11·····/˘····
Thus he entreated, and the rest approve10········˘/
His words, with friendly murmurs whispered low.10···/˘/˘/˘·
Godfrey as though their suit his mind did move10/˘········
To that whereon he never thought tell now,10··˘/·/˘···
“How can my heart,” quoth he, “if you I love,10··········
To your request and suit but bend and bow?10··˘/······
Let rigor go, that right and justice be10·/˘····/˘·
Wherein you all consent and all agree.10····˘/··˘/
“Rinaldo shall return; let him restrain10˘/˘·˘/··˘/
Henceforth his headstrong wrath and hasty ire,10//·/···/˘·
And with his hardy deeds let him take pain10···/˘·····
To correspond your hope and my desire:11··˘/····˘/˘
Guelpho, thou must call home the knight again,10········˘/
See that with speed he to these tents retire,10········˘/
The messengers appoint as likes thy mind,10·/˘˘˘/····
And teach them where they should the young man find.”10··········
Up start the Dane that bare Prince Sweno’s brand,10··········
“I will,” quoth he, “that message undertake,10·····/˘/˘·
I will refuse no pains by sea or land,10··˘/······
To give the knight this sword, kept for his sake.”10··········
This man was bold of courage, strong of hand,10·····/˘···
Guelpho was glad he did the proffer make:10·······/˘·
“Thou shalt,” quoth he, “Ubaldo shalt thou have10··········
To go with thee, a knight, stout, wise, and grave.”10··········
Ubaldo in his youth had known and seen10··········
The fashions strange of many an uncouth land,10·/˘··/·//·
And travelled over all the realms between10·/˘·······
The Arctic circle and hot Meroe’s strand,9·/˘/˘····
And as a man whose wit his guide had been,10··········
Their customs use he could, tongues understand,10·/˘·····˘/
Forthy when spent his youthful seasons were10˘/···/˘/˘·
Lord Guelpho entertained and held him dear.10····˘/····
To these committed was the charge and care10··˘/˘·····
To find and bring again the champion bold,10····˘/·/˘·
Guelpho commands them to the fort repair,10··˘/····˘/
Where Boemond doth his seat and sceptre hold,10·······/˘·
For public fame said that Bertoldo’s heir10·/˘·······
There lived, there dwelt, there stayed; the hermit old,10·······/˘·
That knew they were misled by false report,10····˘/··˘/
Among them came, and parleyed in this sort:10·····/˘···
“Sir knights,” quoth he, “if you intend to ride,10······˘/··
And follow each report fond people say,10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
You follow but a rash and truthless guide10·/˘····/˘·
That leads vain men amiss and makes them stray;10····˘/····
Near Ascalon go to the salt seaside,10········/·
Where a swift brook fails in with hideous sway,10·······/˘·
An aged sire, our friend, there shall you find,10··//˘·····
All what he saith, that do, that keep in mind.10··········
“Of this great voyage which you undertake,10···/˘··/˘·
Much by his skill, and much by mine advise10········˘/
Hath he foreknown, and welcome for my sake11······/˘···
You both shall be, the man is kind and wise.”10··········
Instructed thus no further question make10˘/˘··/˘/˘·
The twain elected for this enterprise,10··˘/˘··/˘·
But humbly yielded to obey his word,10·/˘/˘·˘/··
For what the hermit said, that said the Lord.10···/˘·····
They took their leave, and on their journey went,10·······/˘·
Their will could brook no stay, their zeal, no let;10··········
To Ascalon their voyage straight they bent,10·····/˘···
Whose broken shores with brackish waves are wet,10·/˘··/˘···
And there they heard how gainst the cliffs, besprent10········˘/
With bitter foam, the roaring surges bet,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
A tumbling brook their passage stopped and stayed,10·/˘··/˘···
Which late-fall’n rain had proud and puissant made,11·······/˘˘·
So proud that over all his banks he grew,10··········
And through the fields ran swift as shaft from bow,10··········
While here they stopped and stood, before them drew10··········
An aged sire, grave and benign in show,10··/˘··˘/··
Crowned with a beechen garland gathered new,10···/˘/˘/˘·
Clad in a linen robe that raught down low,10···/˘·····
In his right hand a rod, and on the flood10··········
Against the stream he marched, and dry shod yode.10··········
As on the Rhene, when winter’s freezing cold10·····/˘/˘·
Congeals the streams to thick and hardened glass,10˘/·····/˘·
The beauties fair of shepherds’ daughters bold10·/˘··/˘/˘·
With wanton windlays run, turn, play and pass;10·/˘·······
So on this river passed the wizard old,10···/˘··/˘·
Although unfrozen soft and swift it was,10··˘/˘·····
And thither stalked where the warriors stayed,10·/˘···/˘˘·
To whom, their greetings done, he spoke and said:10···/˘·····
“Great pains, great travel, lords, you have begun,10···/˘···˘/
And of a cunning guide great need you stand,10···/˘·····
Far off, alas! is great Bertoldo’s son,10··˘/······
Imprisoned in a waste and desert land,10˘/˘····/˘·
What soil remains by which you must not run,10··˘/······
What promontory, rock, sea, shore or sand10·/˘˘˘·····
Your search must stretch before the prince be found,10··········
Beyond our world, beyond our half of ground!10··/···/···
But yet vouchsafe to see my cell I pray,10··˘/······
In hidden caves and vaults though builded low,10·/˘····/˘·
Great wonders there, strange things I will bewray,10·/˘·····˘/
Things good for you to hear, and fit to know:”10··········
This said, he bids the river make them way,10·····/˘···
The flood retired, backward gan to flow,10··˘/˘/˘···
And here and there two crystal mountains rise,10·····/˘/˘·
So fled the Red Sea once, and Jordan thrice.10·······/˘·
He took their hands, and led them headlong down10·······/··
Under the flood, through vast and hollow deeps,10·······/˘·
Such light they had as when through shadows brown10·······/··
Of thickest deserts feeble Cynthia peeps,10·/˘/˘/˘/˘·
Their spacious caves they saw all overflown,10·/˘·······
There all his waters pure great Neptune keeps,10···/˘··/˘·
And thence to moisten all the earth he brings10···/˘·····
Seas, rivers, floods, lakes, fountains, wells and springs:10·/˘··/˘···
Whence Ganges, Indus, Volga, Ister, Po,10·/˘/˘/˘···
Whence Euphrates, whence Tigris’ spring they view,10·˘/˘·/˘···
Whence Tanais, whence Nilus comes also,9·······/˘
Although his head till then no creature knew,10·······/˘·
But under these a wealthy stream doth go,10·····/˘···
That sulphur yields and ore, rich, quick and new,10·/˘·······
Which the sunbeams doth polish, purge and fine,10··/··/˘···
And makes it silver pure, and gold divine.10···/˘···˘/
And all his banks the rich and wealthy stream10·······/˘·
Hath fair beset with pearl and precious stone10··˘/···/˘·
Like stars in sky or lamps on stage that seem,10··········
The darkness there was day, the night was gone,10·/˘·······
There sparkled, clothed in his azure-beam,10·/˘˘···/˘·
The heavenly sapphire, there the jacinth shone,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
The carbuncle there flamed, the diamond sheen,10·/˘˘···/˘·
There glistered bright, there smiled the emerald green.10·······/˘·
Amazed the knights amid these wonders passed,10˘/··˘/·/˘·
And fixed so deep the marvels in their thought,10·····/˘···
That not one word they uttered, till at last10·····/˘···
Ubaldo spake, and thus his guide besought:10········˘/
“O father, tell me by what skill thou hast10·/˘·······
These wonders done? and to what place us brought?10·/˘·······
For well I know not if I wake or sleep,10··········
My heart is drowned in such amazement deep.”10······˘/˘·
“You are within the hollow womb,” quoth he,10·····/˘···
“Of fertile earth, the nurse of all things made,10·/˘·······
And but you brought and guided are by me,10·····/˘···
Her sacred entrails could no wight invade;10·/˘/˘···˘/
My palace shortly shall you splendent see,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
With glorious light, though built in night and shade.10·/˘·······
A Pagan was I born, but yet the Lord10·/˘·······
To grace, by baptism, hath my soul restored.10···/˘···˘/
“Nor yet by help of devil, or aid from hell,10·····/····
I do this uncouth work and wondrous feat,10···//··/˘·
The Lord forbid I use or charm or spell10··˘/······
To raise foul Dis from his infernal seat:10······˘/˘·
But of all herbs, of every spring and well,10·····/˘···
The hidden power I know and virtue great,10·/˘/···/˘·
And all that kind hath hid from mortal sight,10·······/˘·
And all the stars, their motions, and their might.10·····/˘···
“For in these caves I dwell not buried still10·······/˘·
From sight of Heaven, but often I resort10···/·/˘·˘/
To tops of Lebanon or Carmel hill,10···/˘˘·/˘·
And there in liquid air myself disport,10···/˘··/˘/
There Mars and Venus I behold at will!10···/˘·˘/··
As bare as erst when Vulcan took them short,10·····/˘···
And how the rest roll, glide and move, I see,10··········
How their aspects benign or froward be.”10··/·˘/·/˘·
“And underneath my feet the clouds I view,10··˘/······
Now thick, now thin, now bright with Iris’ bow,10·······/˘·
The frost and snow, the rain, the hail, the dew,10··········
The winds, from whence they come and whence they blow,10··········
How Jove his thunder makes and lightning new,10···/˘··/˘·
How with the bolt he strikes the earth below,10··········
How comate, crinite, caudate stars are framed10·/˘/˘·····
I knew; my skill with pride my heart inflamed.10········˘/
“So learned, cunning, wise, myself I thought,10··˘/˘··/··
That I supposed my wit so high might climb10··˘/······
To know all things that God had framed or wrought,10··········
Fire, air, sea, earth, man, beast, sprite, place and time;10/·········
But when your hermit me to baptism brought,10···/˘··/˘·
And from my soul had washed the sin and crime,10··········
Then I perceived my sight was blindness still,10··˘/···/˘·
My wit was folly, ignorance my skill.10···/˘/˘˘··
“Then saw I, that like owls in shining sun,10·······/˘·
So gainst the beams of truth our souls are blind,10······/···
And at myself to smile I then begun,10···/····˘/
And at my heart, puffed up with folly’s wind,10·······/˘·
Yet still these arts, as I before had done,10··········
I practised, such was the hermit’s mind:10···˘···/˘·
Thus hath he changed my thoughts, my heart, my will,10··········
And rules mine art, my knowledge, and my skill.10·····/˘···
“In him I rest, on him my thoughts depend,10········˘/
My lord, my teacher, and my guide is he,10···/˘·····
This noble work he strives to bring to end,10·/˘·······
He is the architect, the workmen we,10···/˘··/˘·
The hardy youth home to this camp to send10·/˘·······
From prison strong, my care, my charge shall be;10·/˘·······
So He commands, and me ere this foretold10··˘/····˘/
Your coming oft, to seek the champion bold.”10·/˘····/˘·
While this he said, he brought the champions twain10·······/˘·
Down to a vault, wherein he dwells and lies,10··········
It was a cave, high, wide, large, ample, plain,10·······/˘·
With goodly rooms, halls, chambers, galleries,10·/˘··/˘/˘˘
All what is bred in rich and precious vein10·······/˘·
Of wealthy earth, and hid from mortal eyes,10·/˘····/˘·
There shines, and fair adorned was every part10····˘/·/˘·
With riches grown by kind, not framed by art:10·/˘·······
An hundred grooms, quick, diligent and neat,10·/˘··/˘˘··
Attendance gave about these strangers bold,10˘/˘····/˘·
Against the wall there stood a cupboard great10·······/˘·
Of massive plate, of silver, crystal, gold.10·/˘··/˘/˘·
But when with precious wines and costly meat10···/˘··/˘·
They filled were, thus spake the wizard old:10··˘····/˘·
“Now fits the time, sir knights, I tell and show10··········
What you desire to hear, and long to know.10··˘/······

The first 400 of 640 lines; the reader marks them all.

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Torquato Tasso