October

Helen Hunt Jackson (1830–1885) · 1886

iambic pentameter · heroic couplets · 14 lines · from A Calendar of Sonnets

The month of carnival of all the year,When Nature lets the wild earth go its wayAnd spend whole seasons on a single day.The spring-time holds her white and purple dear;October, lavish, flaunts them far and near;The summer charily her reds doth layLike jewels on her costliest array;October, scornful, burns them on a bier.The winter hoards his pearls of frost in signOf kingdom: whiter pearls than winter knew,Or Empress wore, in Egypt's ancient line,October, feasting 'neath her dome of blue,Drinks at a single draught, slow filtered throughSunshiny air, as in a tingling wine!

Words in this poem

charily adv.
In a chary manner; carefully; cautiously; frugally.
bier n.
A handbarrow or portable frame on which a corpse is placed or borne to the grave. [OE. bæe, beere, AS. b, b; akin to D. baar, OHG. bara, G. bahre, Icel barar, Dbaare, L. feretrum, Gr. , from the same bear to produce. See 1st Bear, and cf. Barr]
sunshiny a.
Bright with the rays of the sun; clear, warm, or pleasant; as, a sunshiny day.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

October is in the public domain. This text is taken from A Calendar of Sonnets, Project Gutenberg ebook #9825; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Helen Hunt Jackson, October, in A Calendar of Sonnets (1886), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #9825, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/jackson-sonnets/october.html, id L22654.

Form and metre

October is 14 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 57% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 92%).

See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABBAABBACDCDDC yearA · wayB · dayB · dearA · nearA · layB · arrayB · bierA · signC · knewD · lineC · blueD · throughD · wineC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The month of carnival of all the year,10···/˘˘····
When Nature lets the wild earth go its way10·/˘·······
And spend whole seasons on a single day.10···/˘··/˘·
The spring-time holds her white and purple dear;10·······/˘·
October, lavish, flaunts them far and near;10˘/˘/˘·····
The summer charily her reds doth lay10·/˘/˘˘····
Like jewels on her costliest array;10·/˘··/˘˘˘/
October, scornful, burns them on a bier.10˘/˘/˘·····
The winter hoards his pearls of frost in sign10·/˘·······
Of kingdom: whiter pearls than winter knew,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Or Empress wore, in Egypt's ancient line,10·/˘··/˘/˘·
October, feasting 'neath her dome of blue,10˘/˘/˘·····
Drinks at a single draught, slow filtered through10···/˘··/˘·
Sunshiny air, as in a tingling wine!10/·˘····/˘·

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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