Moses on the Nile

Victor Hugo (1802–1885), translated by various hands · 1888

iambic pentameter · ABABACC · 105 lines · from Poems

"Sisters! the wave is freshest in the rayOf the young morning; the reapers are asleep;The river bank is lonely: come away!The early murmurs of old Memphis creepFaint on my ear; and here unseen we stray,--Deep in the covert of the grove withdrawn,Save by the dewy eye-glance of the dawn.

"Within my father's palace, fair to see,Shine all the Arts, but oh! this river side,Pranked with gay flowers, is dearer far to meThan gold and porphyry vases bright and wide;How glad in heaven the song-bird carols free!Sweeter these zephyrs float than all the showersOf costly odors in our royal bowers.

"The sky is pure, the sparkling stream is clear:Unloose your zones, my maidens! and fling downTo float awhile upon these bushes nearYour blue transparent robes: take off my crown,And take away my jealous veil; for hereTo-day we shall be joyous while we laveOur limbs amid the murmur of the wave.

"Hasten; but through the fleecy mists of morn,What do I see? Look ye along the stream!Nay, timid maidens--we must not return!Coursing along the current, it would seemAn ancient palm-tree to the deep sea borne,That from the distant wilderness proceeds,Downwards, to view our wondrous Pyramids.

"But stay! if I may surely trust mine eye,--It is the bark of Hermes, or the shellOf Iris, wafted gently to the sighsOf the light breeze along the rippling swell;But no: it is a skiff where sweetly liesAn infant slumbering, and his peaceful restLooks as if pillowed on his mother's breast.

"He sleeps--oh, see! his little floating bedSwims on the mighty river's fickle flow,A white dove's nest; and there at hazard ledBy the faint winds, and wandering to and fro,The cot comes down; beneath his quiet headThe gulfs are moving, and each threatening waveAppears to rock the child upon a grave.

"He wakes--ah, maids of Memphis! haste, oh, haste!He cries! alas!--What mother could confideHer offspring to the wild and watery waste?He stretches out his arms, the rippling tideMurmurs around him, where all rudely placed,He rests but with a few frail reeds beneath,Between such helpless innocence and death.

"Oh! take him up! Perchance he is of thoseDark sons of Israel whom my sire proscribes;Ah! cruel was the mandate that aroseAgainst most guiltless of the stranger tribes!Poor child! my heart is yearning for his woes,I would I were his mother; but I'll giveIf not his birth, at least the claim to live."

Thus Iphis spoke; the royal hope and prideOf a great monarch; while her damsels nigh,Wandered along the Nile's meandering side;And these diminished beauties, standing byThe trembling mother; watching with eyes wideTheir graceful mistress, admired her as stood,More lovely than the genius of the flood!

The waters broken by her delicate feetReceive the eager wader, as aloneBy gentlest pity led, she strives to meetThe wakened babe; and, see, the prize is won!She holds the weeping burden with a sweetAnd virgin glow of pride upon her brow,That knew no flush save modesty's till now.

Opening with cautious hands the reedy couch,She brought the rescued infant slowly outBeyond the humid sands; at her approachHer curious maidens hurried round aboutTo kiss the new-born brow with gentlest touch;Greeting the child with smiles, and bending nighTheir faces o'er his large, astonished eye!

Haste thou who, from afar, in doubt and fear,Dost watch, with straining eyes, the fated boy--The loved of heaven! come like a stranger near,And clasp young Moses with maternal joy;Nor fear the speechless transport and the tearWill e'er betray thy fond and hidden claim,For Iphis knows not yet a mother's name!

With a glad heart, and a triumphal face,The princess to the haughty Pharaoh ledThe humble infant of a hated race,Bathed with the bitter tears a parent shed;While loudly pealing round the holy placeOf Heaven's white Throne, the voice of angel choirsIntoned the theme of their undying lyres!

"No longer mourn thy pilgrimage below--O Jacob! let thy tears no longer swellThe torrent of the Egyptian river: Lo!Soon on the Jordan's banks thy tents shall dwell;And Goshen shall behold thy people goDespite the power of Egypt's law and brand,From their sad thrall to Canaan's promised land.

"The King of Plagues, the Chosen of Sinai,Is he that, o'er the rushing waters driven,A vigorous hand hath rescued for the sky;Ye whose proud hearts disown the ways of heaven!Attend, be humble! for its power is nighIsrael! a cradle shall redeem thy worth--A Cradle yet shall save the widespread earth!"

Words in this poem 29
unseen a.
Not seen or discovered.
unloose v. t.
To make loose; to loosen; to set free. [1st pref. un- (intensive) + loose.]
awhile adv.
For a while; for some time; for a short time. [Adj. a + while time, interval.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
lave v. t.
To lade, dip, or pour out. [OE. laven. See Lavish.]
amid prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
fleecy a.
Covered with, made of, or resembling, a fleece.
morn n.
The first part of the day; the morning; -- used chiefly in poetry. [OE. morwen, morgen, AS. morgen; akin to D. morgen, OS. morgan, G. morgen, Icel. morginn, morgunn, Sw. morgon, Dan. morgen, Goth. maúrgins. Cf. Morrow, Morning.]
coursing n.
The pursuit or running game with dogs that follow by sight instead of by scent.
wondrous adv.
In a wonderful or surprising manner or degree; wonderfully. [OE. wonders, adv. (later also adj.). See Wonder, n., and cf. -wards.]
skiff n.
A small, light boat. [F. esquif, fr. OHG. skif, G. schiff. See Ship.]
pillowed a.
Provided with a pillow or pillows; having the head resting on, or as on, a pillow.
sire n.
A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
guiltless a.
Free from guilt; innocent.
spoke n.
The radius or ray of a wheel; one of the small bars which are inserted in the hub, or nave, and which serve to support the rim or felly. [OE. spoke, spake, AS, spaca; akin to D. speek, LG. speke, OHG. speihha, G. speiche. sq. root170. Cf. Spike a nail.]
admired a.
Regarded with wonder and delight; highly prized; as, an admired poem.
wader n.
One who, or that which, wades.
babe n.
An infant; a young child of either sex; a baby. [Cf. Ir. bab, baban, W. baban, maban.]
curious a.
Difficult to please or satisfy; solicitous to be correct; careful; scrupulous; nice; exact. [OF. curios, curius, F. curieux, L. curiosus careful, inquisitive, fr. cura care. See Cure.]
afar adv.
At, to, or from a great distance; far away; -- often used with from preceding, or off following; as, he was seen from afar; I saw him afar off. [Pref. a-.(for on or of) + far.]
maternal a.
Of or pertaining to a mother; becoming to a mother; motherly; as, maternal love; maternal tenderness. [F. maternel, L. maternus, fr. mater mother. See Mother.]
speechless a.
Destitute or deprived of the faculty of speech.
triumphal n.
A token of victory.
princess n.
A female prince; a woman having sovereign power, or the rank of a prince. [F. princesse. See Prince, and cf. Princesse.]
haughty a.
High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
pharaoh n.
A title by which the sovereigns of ancient Egypt were designated. [Heb. paroh; of Egyptian origin: cf. L. pharao, Gr. Faro.]
undying a.
Not dying; imperishable; unending; immortal; as, the undying souls of men.
pilgrimage n.
The journey of a pilgrim; a long journey; especially, a journey to a shrine or other sacred place. Fig., the journey of human life. [OE. pilgrimage, pelgrinage; cf. F. pèlerinage.]
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Moses on the Nile is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Victor Hugo, Moses on the Nile, in Poems (1888), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hugo-poems/moses-on-the-nile.html, id L26698.

Form and metre

Moses on the Nile is 105 lines in 15 stanzas of 7 lines each. The rhyme scheme is ABABACC, complete in 14 of its 15 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABACC rayA · asleepB · awayA · creepB · strayA · withdrawnC · dawnC
  2. 2 ABABACC seeA · sideB · meA · wideB · freeA · showersC · bowersC
  3. 3 ABABACC clearA · downB · nearA · crownB · hereA · laveC · waveC
  4. 4 ABABACC mornA · streamB · returnA · seemB · borneA · proceedsC · pyramidsC
  5. 5 -ABABCC eye · shellA · sighsB · swellA · liesB · restC · breastC
  6. 6 ABABACC bedA · flowB · ledA · froB · headA · waveC · graveC
  7. 7 ABABACC hasteA · confideB · wasteA · tideB · placedA · beneathC · deathC
  8. 8 ABABACC thoseA · proscribesB · aroseA · tribesB · woesA · giveC · liveC
  9. 9 ABABACC prideA · nighB · sideA · byB · wideA · stoodC · floodC
  10. 10 ABABACC feetA · aloneB · meetA · wonB · sweetA · browC · nowC
  11. 11 ABABACC couchA · outB · approachA · aboutB · touchA · nighC · eyeC
  12. 12 ABABACC fearA · boyB · nearA · joyB · tearA · claimC · nameC
  13. 13 ABABACC faceA · ledB · raceA · shedB · placeA · choirsC · lyresC
  14. 14 ABABACC belowA · swellB · loA · dwellB · goA · brandC · landC
  15. 15 ABABACC sinaiA · drivenB · skyA · heavenB · nighA · worthC · earthC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
"Sisters! the wave is freshest in the ray10/˘···/˘···
Of the young morning; the reapers are asleep;11···/˘·/˘·˘/
The river bank is lonely: come away!10·/˘··/˘·˘/
The early murmurs of old Memphis creep10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Faint on my ear; and here unseen we stray,--10······˘/··
Deep in the covert of the grove withdrawn,10···/˘···˘/
Save by the dewy eye-glance of the dawn.10···/˘·····
"Within my father's palace, fair to see,10···/˘/˘···
Shine all the Arts, but oh! this river side,10·······/˘·
Pranked with gay flowers, is dearer far to me10···/·/˘···
Than gold and porphyry vases bright and wide;10···/˘/˘···
How glad in heaven the song-bird carols free!10···/···/˘·
Sweeter these zephyrs float than all the showers11/˘·/˘····/˘
Of costly odors in our royal bowers.11·/˘/˘·//˘/˘
"The sky is pure, the sparkling stream is clear:10·····/˘···
Unloose your zones, my maidens! and fling down10˘/···/˘···
To float awhile upon these bushes near10··˘/···/˘·
Your blue transparent robes: take off my crown,10··˘/˘·····
And take away my jealous veil; for here10··˘/·/˘···
To-day we shall be joyous while we lave10·····/˘···
Our limbs amid the murmur of the wave.10/·˘/·/˘···
"Hasten; but through the fleecy mists of morn,10/˘···/˘···
What do I see? Look ye along the stream!10······˘/··
Nay, timid maidens--we must not return!10·/˘/˘···˘/
Coursing along the current, it would seem10/˘˘/·/˘···
An ancient palm-tree to the deep sea borne,10·/˘·······
That from the distant wilderness proceeds,10···/˘/˘˘˘/
Downwards, to view our wondrous Pyramids.11/˘··/˘/˘/˘˘
"But stay! if I may surely trust mine eye,--10·····/˘···
It is the bark of Hermes, or the shell10·····/˘···
Of Iris, wafted gently to the sighs10·/˘/˘/˘···
Of the light breeze along the rippling swell;10····˘/·/˘·
But no: it is a skiff where sweetly lies10·······/˘·
An infant slumbering, and his peaceful rest10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Looks as if pillowed on his mother's breast.10···/˘··/˘·
"He sleeps--oh, see! his little floating bed10·····/˘/˘·
Swims on the mighty river's fickle flow,10···/˘/˘/˘·
A white dove's nest; and there at hazard led10·······/˘·
By the faint winds, and wandering to and fro,10·····/˘···
The cot comes down; beneath his quiet head10·······/˘·
The gulfs are moving, and each threatening wave10···/˘··/˘·
Appears to rock the child upon a grave.10˘/········
"He wakes--ah, maids of Memphis! haste, oh, haste!10·····/˘···
He cries! alas!--What mother could confide10··˘/·/˘·˘/
Her offspring to the wild and watery waste?10·/·····/˘·
He stretches out his arms, the rippling tide10·/˘····/˘·
Murmurs around him, where all rudely placed,10/˘·····/˘·
He rests but with a few frail reeds beneath,10··········
Between such helpless innocence and death.10···/˘/˘˘··
"Oh! take him up! Perchance he is of those10····˘/····
Dark sons of Israel whom my sire proscribes;10···/˘··/˘/
Ah! cruel was the mandate that arose10·/˘··/··˘/
Against most guiltless of the stranger tribes!10···/˘··/˘·
Poor child! my heart is yearning for his woes,10·····/˘···
I would I were his mother; but I'll give10·····/˘···
If not his birth, at least the claim to live."10··········
Thus Iphis spoke; the royal hope and pride10·····/˘···
Of a great monarch; while her damsels nigh,10···/···/˘·
Wandered along the Nile's meandering side;10/˘˘/··˘/˘·
And these diminished beauties, standing by10··˘/˘/˘/˘·
The trembling mother; watching with eyes wide10·/˘/˘/˘···
Their graceful mistress, admired her as stood,10·/˘/˘˘/···
More lovely than the genius of the flood!10·/˘··/˘···
The waters broken by her delicate feet10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Receive the eager wader, as alone10˘/·/˘/˘·˘/
By gentlest pity led, she strives to meet10·/˘/˘·····
The wakened babe; and, see, the prize is won!10·/˘·······
She holds the weeping burden with a sweet10···/˘/˘···
And virgin glow of pride upon her brow,10·/˘·······
That knew no flush save modesty's till now.10·····/˘˘··
Opening with cautious hands the reedy couch,10/˘·/˘··/˘·
She brought the rescued infant slowly out10···/˘/˘/˘·
Beyond the humid sands; at her approach10···/˘···˘/
Her curious maidens hurried round about10·/˘/˘/˘···
To kiss the new-born brow with gentlest touch;10·······/˘·
Greeting the child with smiles, and bending nigh10/˘·····/˘·
Their faces o'er his large, astonished eye!10·/˘···˘/˘·
Haste thou who, from afar, in doubt and fear,10····˘/····
Dost watch, with straining eyes, the fated boy--10···/˘··/˘·
The loved of heaven! come like a stranger near,10···/···/˘·
And clasp young Moses with maternal joy;10···/˘·˘/˘·
Nor fear the speechless transport and the tear10···/˘/˘···
Will e'er betray thy fond and hidden claim,10··˘/···/˘·
For Iphis knows not yet a mother's name!10·······/˘·
With a glad heart, and a triumphal face,10······˘/˘·
The princess to the haughty Pharaoh led10·/˘··/˘/˘·
The humble infant of a hated race,10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Bathed with the bitter tears a parent shed;10···/˘··/˘·
While loudly pealing round the holy place10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Of Heaven's white Throne, the voice of angel choirs11·/˘·····/˘·
Intoned the theme of their undying lyres!10˘/····˘/˘·
"No longer mourn thy pilgrimage below--10·/˘··/˘˘··
O Jacob! let thy tears no longer swell10·/˘····/˘·
The torrent of the Egyptian river: Lo!11·/˘··˘/˘/˘·
Soon on the Jordan's banks thy tents shall dwell;10···/˘·····
And Goshen shall behold thy people go10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
Despite the power of Egypt's law and brand,10˘/·/·/˘···
From their sad thrall to Canaan's promised land.10·····/˘/˘·
"The King of Plagues, the Chosen of Sinai,10·····/˘·/·
Is he that, o'er the rushing waters driven,11·····/˘/˘/˘
A vigorous hand hath rescued for the sky;10·/˘··/˘···
Ye whose proud hearts disown the ways of heaven!11····˘/···/˘
Attend, be humble! for its power is nigh10˘/·/˘··/··
Israel! a cradle shall redeem thy worth--10/˘·/˘·˘/··
A Cradle yet shall save the widespread earth!"10·/˘····//·

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