Cain
Then, with his children, clothed in skins of brutes,Dishevelled, livid, rushing through the storm,Cain fled before Jehovah. As night fellThe dark man reached a mount in a great plain,And his tired wife and his sons, out of breath,Said: "Let us lie down on the earth and sleep."Cain, sleeping not, dreamed at the mountain foot.Raising his head, in that funereal heavenHe saw an eye, a great eye, in the nightOpen, and staring at him in the gloom."I am too near," he said, and tremblingly woke upHis sleeping sons again, and his tired wife,And fled through space and darkness. Thirty daysHe went, and thirty nights, nor looked behind;Pale, silent, watchful, shaking at each sound;No rest, no sleep, till he attained the strandWhere the sea washes that which since was Asshur."Here pause," he said, "for this place is secure;Here may we rest, for this is the world's end."And he sat down; when, lo! in the sad sky,The selfsame Eye on the horizon's verge,And the wretch shook as in an ague fit."Hide me!" he cried; and all his watchful sons,Their finger on their lip, stared at their sire.Cain said to Jabal (father of them that dwellIn tents): "Spread here the curtain of thy tent,"And they spread wide the floating canvas roof,And made it fast and fixed it down with lead."You see naught now," said Zillah then, fair childThe daughter of his eldest, sweet as day.But Cain replied, "That Eye--I see it still."And Jubal cried (the father of all thoseThat handle harp and organ): "I will buildA sanctuary;" and he made a wall of bronze,And set his sire behind it. But Cain moaned,"That Eye is glaring at me ever." Henoch cried:"Then must we make a circle vast of towers,So terrible that nothing dare draw near;Build we a city with a citadel;Build we a city high and close it fast."Then Tubal Cain (instructor of all themThat work in brass and iron) built a tower--Enormous, superhuman. While he wrought,His fiery brothers from the plain aroundHunted the sons of Enoch and of Seth;They plucked the eyes out of whoever passed,And hurled at even arrows to the stars.They set strong granite for the canvas wall,And every block was clamped with iron chains.It seemed a city made for hell. Its towers,With their huge masses made night in the land.The walls were thick as mountains. On the doorThey graved: "Let not God enter here." This done,And having finished to cement and buildIn a stone tower, they set him in the midst.To him, still dark and haggard, "Oh, my sire,Is the Eye gone?" quoth Zillah tremblingly.But Cain replied: "Nay, it is even there."Then added: "I will live beneath the earth,As a lone man within his sepulchre.I will see nothing; will be seen of none."They digged a trench, and Cain said: "'Tis enow,"As he went down alone into the vault;But when he sat, so ghost-like, in his chair,And they had closed the dungeon o'er his head,The Eye was in the tomb and fixed on Cain.
Words in this poem 16
- went n.
- Course; way; path; journey; direction.
- selfsame a.
- Precisely the same; the very same; identical. [Self, a. + same.]
- shook v. t.
- To pack, as staves, in a shook.
- sire n.
- A lord, master, or other person in authority. See Sir. [F. sire, originally, an older person. See Sir.]
- dwell v. i.
- To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
- zillah n.
- A district or local division, as of a province. [India] [Ar. zila.]
- glaring a.
- Clear; notorious; open and bold; barefaced; as, a glaring crime.
- tubal a.
- Of or pertaining to a tube; specifically, of or pertaining to one of the Fallopian tubes; as, tubal pregnancy.
- whoever pron.
- Whatever person; any person who; be or she who; any one who; as, he shall be punished, whoever he may be.
- haggard a.
- Wild or intractable; disposed to break away from duty; untamed; as, a haggard or refractory hawk. Shak [F. hagard; of German origin, and prop. meaning, of the hegde or woods, wild, untamed. See Hedge, 1st Haw, and -ard.]
- quoth v. t.
- Said; spoke; uttered; -- used only in the first and third persons in the past tenses, and always followed by its nominative, the word or words said being the object; as, quoth I. quoth he. [AS.cweedhan, imp cwæedh, pl. cwædon; akin to OS. queedhan, OHG. quethan, quedan, Icel. kveedha, Goth. qiþan. sq. root22. Cf. Bequeath.]
- lone n.
- A lane. See Loanin.
- sepulchre n.
- The place in which the dead body of a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a grave; a tomb. [OE. sepulcre, OF. sepulcre, F. sépulcre, fr. L. sepulcrum, sepulchrum, fr. sepelire to bury.]
- enow
- A form of Enough.
- ghost n.
- The spirit; the soul of man. [OE. gast, gost, soul, spirit, AS. gast breath, spirit, soul; akin to OS. g spirit, soul, D. geest, G. geist, and prob. to E. gaze, ghastly.]
- dungeon n.
- A close, dark prison, commondonjon or keep of a castle, these being used as prisons. [OE. donjoun highest tower of a castle, tower, prison, F. donjon tower or platform in the midst of a castle, turret, or closet on the top of a house, a keep of a]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Cain is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, the various hands translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Victor Hugo, Cain, in Poems (1888), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #8775, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/hugo-poems/cain.html, id L26820.
Form and metre
Cain is 66 lines in a single stanza. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%).
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ---A---A---------------------------------------------------------- brutes · storm · fell · plainA · breath · sleep · foot · heavenA · night · gloom · up · wife · days · behind · sound · strand · asshur · secure · end · sky · verge · fit · sons · sire · dwell · tent · roof · lead · child · day · still · those · build · bronze · moaned · cried · towers · near · citadel · fast · them · tower · wrought · around · seth · passed · stars · wall · chains · towers · land · door · done · build · midst · sire · tremblingly · there · earth · sepulchre · none · enow · vault · chair · head · cain
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Then, with his children, clothed in skins of brutes, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Dishevelled, livid, rushing through the storm, | 10 | ˘/˘/˘/˘··· |
| Cain fled before Jehovah. As night fell | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| The dark man reached a mount in a great plain, | 10 | ·········· |
| And his tired wife and his sons, out of breath, | 10 | ··/······· |
| Said: "Let us lie down on the earth and sleep." | 10 | ·········· |
| Cain, sleeping not, dreamed at the mountain foot. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Raising his head, in that funereal heaven | 11 | /˘····˘/˘˘/ |
| He saw an eye, a great eye, in the night | 10 | ·········· |
| Open, and staring at him in the gloom. | 10 | /˘·/˘····· |
| "I am too near," he said, and tremblingly woke up | 12 | ············ |
| His sleeping sons again, and his tired wife, | 10 | ·/˘·˘/··/· |
| And fled through space and darkness. Thirty days | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| He went, and thirty nights, nor looked behind; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Pale, silent, watchful, shaking at each sound; | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘··· |
| No rest, no sleep, till he attained the strand | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| Where the sea washes that which since was Asshur. | 11 | ···/˘······ |
| "Here pause," he said, "for this place is secure; | 10 | ········˘/ |
| Here may we rest, for this is the world's end." | 10 | ·········· |
| And he sat down; when, lo! in the sad sky, | 10 | ·········· |
| The selfsame Eye on the horizon's verge, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/˘· |
| And the wretch shook as in an ague fit. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| "Hide me!" he cried; and all his watchful sons, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Their finger on their lip, stared at their sire. | 11 | ·/˘······/˘ |
| Cain said to Jabal (father of them that dwell | 11 | ·····/˘···· |
| In tents): "Spread here the curtain of thy tent," | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And they spread wide the floating canvas roof, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| And made it fast and fixed it down with lead. | 10 | ·········· |
| "You see naught now," said Zillah then, fair child | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The daughter of his eldest, sweet as day. | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| But Cain replied, "That Eye--I see it still." | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| And Jubal cried (the father of all those | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| That handle harp and organ): "I will build | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| A sanctuary;" and he made a wall of bronze, | 12 | ·/˘·˘······· |
| And set his sire behind it. But Cain moaned, | 10 | ···/······ |
| "That Eye is glaring at me ever." Henoch cried: | 11 | ···/˘··/··· |
| "Then must we make a circle vast of towers, | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| So terrible that nothing dare draw near; | 10 | ·/˘˘·/˘··· |
| Build we a city with a citadel; | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Build we a city high and close it fast." | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Then Tubal Cain (instructor of all them | 10 | ·/˘·˘/˘··· |
| That work in brass and iron) built a tower-- | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| Enormous, superhuman. While he wrought, | 10 | ˘/˘·˘/˘··· |
| His fiery brothers from the plain around | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| Hunted the sons of Enoch and of Seth; | 10 | /˘···/˘··· |
| They plucked the eyes out of whoever passed, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| And hurled at even arrows to the stars. | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| They set strong granite for the canvas wall, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| And every block was clamped with iron chains. | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| It seemed a city made for hell. Its towers, | 11 | ···/˘····/˘ |
| With their huge masses made night in the land. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| The walls were thick as mountains. On the door | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| They graved: "Let not God enter here." This done, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And having finished to cement and build | 10 | ·/˘/˘·˘/·· |
| In a stone tower, they set him in the midst. | 10 | ···/······ |
| To him, still dark and haggard, "Oh, my sire, | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| Is the Eye gone?" quoth Zillah tremblingly. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| But Cain replied: "Nay, it is even there." | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| Then added: "I will live beneath the earth, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| As a lone man within his sepulchre. | 9 | ········· |
| I will see nothing; will be seen of none." | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| They digged a trench, and Cain said: "'Tis enow," | 10 | ········˘/ |
| As he went down alone into the vault; | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| But when he sat, so ghost-like, in his chair, | 10 | ·········· |
| And they had closed the dungeon o'er his head, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The Eye was in the tomb and fixed on Cain. | 10 | ·········· |
The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.