Sunset

Heinrich Heine (1797–1856), translated by Emma Lazarus · 1881

iambic tetrameter · unrhymed · 55 lines · from Poems and Ballads

The glowing red sun descendsInto the wide, tremulousSilver-gray ocean.Ethereal, rosy tinted formsAre wreathed behind him, and opposite,Through the veil of autumnal, twilight clouds,Like a sad, deathly-pale countenance,Breaks the moon,And after her, like sparks of light,In the misty distance, shimmer the stars.

Once there shone forth in heaven,Nuptially united.Luna the goddess, and Sol the god.And around them gathered the stars,Those innocent little children.

But evil tongues whispered dissension,And in bitterness partedThe lofty, illustrious pair.

Now all day in lonely splendorThe sun-god fares overhead,Worshiped and magnified in song,For the excellence of his glory,By haughty prosperity--hardened men.But at nightIn heaven wandereth Luna,The poor mother,With her orphaned, starry children;And she shines with a quiet sadness,And loving maidens and gentle poetsDedicate to her their tears and their songs.

Poor weak Luna! Womanly-natured,Still doth she love her beautiful consort.Towards evening pale and trembling,She peers forth from light clouds,And sadly gazes after the departing one,And in her anguish fain would call to him, "Come!Come! our children are pining for thee!"But the scornful sun-god,At the mere sight of his spouse,Glows in doubly-dyed purple,With wrath and grief,And implacably he hastens downwardTo the cold waves of his widowed couch.

Thus did evil-whispering tonguesBring grief and ruinEven upon the immortal gods.And the poor gods in heaven abovePainfully wanderDisconsolate on their eternal path,And cannot die;And drag with themThe chain of their glittering misery.

But I, the son of man,The lowly-born, the death-crowned one,I murmur no more.

Words in this poem

deathly a.
Deadly; fatal; mortal; destructive.
shimmer v. i.
To shine with a tremulous or intermittent light; to shine faintly; to gleam; to glisten; to glimmer. [OE. schimeren, AS. scimerian; akin to scimian, sciman, to glitter, D. schemeren, G. schimmern, Dan. skimre, Sw. skimra, AS. scima a light, brightness, Icel. ski]
haughty a.
High; lofty; bold. [OE. hautein, F. hautain, fr. haut high, OF. also halt, fr. L. altus. See Altitude.]
starry a.
Abounding with stars; adorned with stars.
sadness n.
Heaviness; firmness.
sadly adv.
Wearily; heavily; firmly.
fain v. t.
To be glad ; to wish or desire.
spouse v. t.
To wed; to espouse. [See Espouse, and Spouse, n.]
implacably adv.
In an implacable manner.
disconsolate n.
Disconsolateness. Barrow.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Sunset is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems and Ballads, Project Gutenberg ebook #31726, the Emma Lazarus translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Heinrich Heine, Sunset, in Poems and Ballads (1881), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #31726, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/heine-poems-ballads/sunset.html, id L15449.

Form and metre

Sunset is 55 lines in 7 verse paragraphs. It is unrhymed, as far as the pronouncing dictionary can tell. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 77%). 83% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.6 syllables. 22 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 24% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ----A---A- descends · tremulous · ocean · forms · oppositeA · clouds · countenance · moon · lightA · stars
  2. 2 -AA-- heaven · unitedA · godA · stars · children
  3. 4 ----A---A--- splendor · overhead · song · glory · menA · night · luna · mother · childrenA · sadness · poets · songs
  4. 5 -------A---A- natured · consort · trembling · clouds · one · come · thee · godA · spouse · purple · grief · downwardA · couch
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The glowing red sun descends7·/˘··˘/
Into the wide, tremulous7····/˘˘
Silver-gray ocean.5/˘·/˘
Ethereal, rosy tinted forms8˘/˘/˘/˘·
Are wreathed behind him, and opposite,9······/˘˘
Through the veil of autumnal, twilight clouds,10····˘/˘/··
Like a sad, deathly-pale countenance,9···/˘·/˘˘
Breaks the moon,3···
And after her, like sparks of light,8········
In the misty distance, shimmer the stars.10··/˘/˘/˘··
Once there shone forth in heaven,7·····/˘
Nuptially united.6···˘/˘
Luna the goddess, and Sol the god.9/˘·/˘····
And around them gathered the stars,8····/˘··
Those innocent little children.8·/˘˘/˘/˘
But evil tongues whispered dissension,9·/˘·/˘˘/˘
And in bitterness parted7··/˘˘/˘
The lofty, illustrious pair.8·/˘˘/˘˘·
Now all day in lonely splendor8····/˘/˘
The sun-god fares overhead,7····/˘/
Worshiped and magnified in song,8/˘·/˘···
For the excellence of his glory,9··/˘˘··/˘
By haughty prosperity--hardened men.9·/˘˘/˘/˘·
But at night3···
In heaven wandereth Luna,8·/˘/˘˘/˘
The poor mother,4··/˘
With her orphaned, starry children;8··/˘/˘/˘
And she shines with a quiet sadness,9·····/˘/˘
And loving maidens and gentle poets10·/˘/˘·/˘/˘
Dedicate to her their tears and their songs.10/˘········
Poor weak Luna! Womanly-natured,9··/˘/˘˘/˘
Still doth she love her beautiful consort.9·····/˘˘/
Towards evening pale and trembling,9··/˘··/˘˘
She peers forth from light clouds,6······
And sadly gazes after the departing one,12·/˘/˘···˘/˘·
And in her anguish fain would call to him, "Come!11···/˘······
Come! our children are pining for thee!"9·//˘·/˘··
But the scornful sun-god,6··/˘··
At the mere sight of his spouse,7·······
Glows in doubly-dyed purple,7··/˘·/˘
With wrath and grief,4····
And implacably he hastens downward9·˘/˘˘·/˘/
To the cold waves of his widowed couch.9······/˘·
Thus did evil-whispering tongues8··/˘/˘˘·
Bring grief and ruin5···/˘
Even upon the immortal gods.8/···˘/˘·
And the poor gods in heaven above8·····/··
Painfully wander5/˘˘/˘
Disconsolate on their eternal path,10˘/˘˘··˘/˘·
And cannot die;4·/˘·
And drag with them4····
The chain of their glittering misery.9····/˘/˘˘
But I, the son of man,6······
The lowly-born, the death-crowned one,8·/˘·····
I murmur no more.5·/˘··

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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