Sunset

Heinrich Heine (1797–1856), translated by Emma Lazarus · 1881

53 lines · from Poems and Ballads

The beautiful sunHas quietly descended into the sea.The surging water is already tintedBy dusky night--But still the red of eveningSprinkles it with golden lights.And the rushing might of the tidePresses toward the shore the white waves,That merrily and nimbly leapLike woolly flocks of sheep,Which at evening the singing shepherd boyDrives homeward.

"How beautiful is the sun!"Thus spake after a long silence, the friendWho wandered with me on the beach.And, half in jest, half in sober sadness,He assured me that the sunWas a beautiful woman, who had for policyEspoused the old god of the sea.All day she wanders joyouslyIn the lofty heavens, decked with purple,And sparkling with diamonds;Universally beloved, universally admiredBy all creatures of the globe,And cheering all creatures of the globeWith the radiance and warmth of her glance.But at evening, wretchedly constrained,She returns once moreTo the wet home, to the empty armsOf her hoary spouse.

"Believe me," added my friend,And laughed and sighed, and laughed again,"They live down there in the daintiest wedlock;Either they sleep or else they quarrel,Until high upheaves the sea above them,And the sailor amidst the roaring of the waves can hearHow the old fellow berates his wife:'Round strumpet of the universe!Sunbeam coquette!The whole day you shine for others,And at night for me you are frosty and tired.'After such curtain lectures,--Quite naturally--bursts into tearsThe proud sun, and bemoans her misery,And bemoans so lamentably long, that the sea godSuddenly springs desperately out of his bed,And quickly swims up to the surface of the ocean,To collect his wits and to breathe."

Thus did I myself see him yester-night,Uprise from the bosom of the sea.He had a jacket of yellow flannel,And a lily-white night cap,And a withered countenance.

Words in this poem

homeward a.
Being in the direction of home; as, the homeward way.
jest n.
A deed; an action; a gest. [OE. jeste, geste, deed, action, story, tale, OF. geste, LL. gesta, orig., exploits, neut. pl. from L. gestus, p. p. of gerere to bear, carry, accomplish, perfor]
sadness n.
Heaviness; firmness.
admired a.
Regarded with wonder and delight; highly prized; as, an admired poem.
wretchedly adv.
In a wretched manner; miserably; despicable.
hoary a.
White or whitish."The hoary willows."
spouse v. t.
To wed; to espouse. [See Espouse, and Spouse, n.]
amidst prep.
In the midst or middle of; surrounded or encompassed by; among. [OE. amidde, amiddes, on midden, AS. on middan, in the middle, fr. midde the middle. The s is an adverbial ending, originally marking the genitive; the t is a la]
sunbeam n.
A beam or ray of the sun. [AS. sunnebeam.]
coquette n.
A vain, trifling woman, who endeavors to attract admiration from a desire to grafity vanity; a flirt; -- formerly sometimes applied also to men. [F., fr. coquet, coquette, coquettish, orig., cocklike, strutting like a cock, fr. coq a cock. Cf. Cock, Cocket, Cocky, Cockade.]
desperately adv.
In a desperate manner; without regard to danger or safety; recklessly; extremely; as, the troops fought desperately.
uprise v. i.
To rise; to get up; to appear from below the horizon.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

Sunset is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems and Ballads, Project Gutenberg ebook #31726, the Emma Lazarus translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Heinrich Heine, Sunset, in Poems and Ballads (1881), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #31726, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/heine-poems-ballads/sunset-2.html, id L15462.

Form and metre

Sunset is 53 lines in 4 stanzas. 86% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.4 syllables. 13 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 32% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 --A---A-BB-- sun · sea · tintedA · night · evening · lights · tideA · waves · leapB · sheepB · boy · homeward
  2. 2 A---A------BB----- sunA · friend · beach · sadness · sunA · policy · sea · joyously · purple · diamonds · admired · globeB · globeB · glance · constrained · more · arms · spouse
  3. 3 ----------A---A--- friend · again · wedlock · quarrel · them · hear · wife · universe · coquette · others · tiredA · lectures · tears · misery · godA · bed · ocean · breathe
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
The beautiful sun5·/˘˘·
Has quietly descended into the sea.10·/˘˘/˘····
The surging water is already tinted11·/˘/˘·˘/˘/˘
By dusky night--4·/˘·
But still the red of evening7·····/˘
Sprinkles it with golden lights.7/˘··/˘·
And the rushing might of the tide8··/˘····
Presses toward the shore the white waves,9/˘·······
That merrily and nimbly leap8·/˘˘·/˘·
Like woolly flocks of sheep,6·/˘···
Which at evening the singing shepherd boy10··/˘·/˘/˘·
Drives homeward.3·/˘
"How beautiful is the sun!"7·/˘˘···
Thus spake after a long silence, the friend10······/˘··
Who wandered with me on the beach.8·/˘·····
And, half in jest, half in sober sadness,10······/˘/˘
He assured me that the sun8·˘/˘····
Was a beautiful woman, who had for policy11··/˘/˘···/˘
Espoused the old god of the sea.8˘/······
All day she wanders joyously7···/˘··
In the lofty heavens, decked with purple,10··/˘/˘··/˘
And sparkling with diamonds;6·/˘·/˘
Universally beloved, universally admired12·˘/˘˘/·˘/˘˘/
By all creatures of the globe,7··/˘···
And cheering all creatures of the globe9·/˘·/˘···
With the radiance and warmth of her glance.9··/˘·····
But at evening, wretchedly constrained,8··/˘/˘˘/
She returns once more5·˘/··
To the wet home, to the empty arms9······/˘·
Of her hoary spouse.5··/˘·
"Believe me," added my friend,7˘/·/˘··
And laughed and sighed, and laughed again,8······˘/
"They live down there in the daintiest wedlock;10········/·
Either they sleep or else they quarrel,9/˘·····/˘
Until high upheaves the sea above them,10··········
And the sailor amidst the roaring of the waves can hear14··/˘˘/·/˘·····
How the old fellow berates his wife:9···/˘˘/··
'Round strumpet of the universe!8·/˘··/˘·
Sunbeam coquette!4/·˘/
The whole day you shine for others,8······/˘
And at night for me you are frosty and tired.'11·······/˘·/
After such curtain lectures,--7···/˘/˘
Quite naturally--bursts into tears8·/˘˘····
The proud sun, and bemoans her misery,9····˘/·/˘
And bemoans so lamentably long, that the sea god13·˘/··········
Suddenly springs desperately out of his bed,9/˘·/˘····
And quickly swims up to the surface of the ocean,12·/˘····/˘··/
To collect his wits and to breathe."8·˘/·····
Thus did I myself see him yester-night,10····/··/˘·
Uprise from the bosom of the sea.9/˘··/˘···
He had a jacket of yellow flannel,10···/˘·/˘/˘
And a lily-white night cap,7··/˘···
And a withered countenance.8··/˘˘/˘˘

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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