To the Flower of Gnido

Garcilaso de la Vega (1503–1536), translated by J. H. Wiffen · 1823

iambic tetrameter · ABABBCDDC · 99 lines · from The Works of Garcilasso de la Vega

Had I the sweet resounding lyre,Whose voice could in a moment chainThe howling wind's ungoverned ire,And movement of the raging main,On savage hills the leopard rein,The lion's fiery soul entrance,And lead along with golden tonesThe fascinated trees and stonesIn voluntary dance;

Think not, think not, fair Flower of Gnide,It e'er should celebrate the scars,Dust raised, blood shed, or laurels dyedBeneath the gonfalon of Mars;Or, borne sublime on festal cars,The chiefs who to submission sankThe rebel German's soul of soul,And forged the chains that now controlThe frenzy of the Frank.

No, no! its harmonies should ringIn vaunt of glories all thine own,A discord sometimes from the stringStruck forth to make thy harshness knownThe fingered chords should speak aloneOf Beauty's triumphs, Love's alarms,And one who, made by thy disdainPale as a lily clipt in twain,Bewails thy fatal charms.

Of that poor captive, too contemned,I speak,--his doom you might deplore--In Venus' galliot-shell condemnedTo strain for life the heavy oar.Through thee no longer as of yoreHe tames the unmanageable steed,With curb of gold his pride restrains,Or with pressed spurs and shaken reinsTorments him into speed.

Not now he wields for thy sweet sakeThe sword in his accomplished hand,Nor grapples like a poisonous snake,The wrestler on the yellow sand:The old heroic harp his handConsults not now, it can but kissThe amorous lute's dissolving strings,Which murmur forth a thousand thingsOf banishment from bliss.

Through thee, my dearest friend and bestGrows harsh, importunate, and grave;Myself have been his port of restFrom shipwreck on the yawning wave;Yet now so high his passions raveAbove lost reason's conquered laws,That not the traveller ere he slaysThe asp, its sting, as he my faceSo dreads, or so abhors.

In snows on rocks, sweet Flower of Gnide,Thou wert not cradled, wert not born,She who has not a fault besideShould ne'er be signalized for scorn;Else, tremble at the fate forlornOf Anaxárete, who spurnedThe weeping Iphis from her gate,Who, scoffing long, relenting late,Was to a Statue turned.

Whilst yet soft pity she repelled,Whilst yet she steeled her heart in pride,From her friezed window she beheld,Aghast, the lifeless suicide;Around his lily neck was tiedWhat freed his spirit from her chains,And purchased with a few short sighsFor her immortal agonies,Imperishable pains.

Then first she felt her bosom bleedWith love and pity; vain distress!Oh what deep rigours must succeedThis first sole touch of tenderness!Her eyes grow glazed and motionless,Nailed on his wavering corse, each boneHardening in growth, invades her flesh,Which, late so rosy, warm, and fresh,Now stagnates into stone.

From limb to limb the frosts aspire,Her vitals curdle with the cold;The blood forgets its crimson fire,The veins that e'er its motion rolled;Till now the virgin's glorious mouldWas wholly into marble changed,On which the Salaminians gazed,Less at the prodigy amazed,Than of the crime avenged.

Then tempt not thou Fate's angry arms,By cruel frown or icy taunt;But let thy perfect deeds and charmsTo poets' harps, Divinest, grantThemes worthy their immortal vaunt;Else must our weeping strings presumeTo celebrate in strains of woe,The justice of some signal blowThat strikes thee to the tomb.

Words in this poem 20
gnide v. t.
To rub; to bruise; to break in pieces. [AS. gnidan.]
gonfalon n.
The ensign or standard in use by certain princes or states, such as the mediæval republics of Italy, and in more recent times by the pope. [OE. gonfanoun, OF. gonfanon, F. gonfalon, the same word as F. confalon, name of a religious brotherhood, fr. OHG. gundfano war flag; gund war (used in comp., an]
festal a.
Of or pertaining to a holiday or a feast; joyous; festive. [L. festum holiday, feast. See feast.]
rebel a.
Pertaining to rebels or rebellion; acting in revolt; rebellious; as, rebel troops. [F. rebelle, fr. L. rebellis. See Rebel, v. t.]
fingered a.
Having fingers.
twain a.
Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]
deplore v. t.
To feel or to express deep and poignant grief for; to bewail; to lament; to mourn; to sorrow over. [L. deplorare; de- + plorare to cry out, wail, lament; prob. akin to pluere to rain, and to E. flow: cf. F. déplorer. Cf. Flow.]
yore adv.
In time long past; in old time; long since. [OE. , yare, , AS. geára;akin to geár a year, E. year. Year.]
steed n.
A horse, especially a spirited horse for state of war; -- used chiefly in poetry or stately prose. [OE. stede, AS. steda a stud-horse, war horse, fr. stod a stud of breeding steeds; akin to G. stute a mare, Icel. stedda, sto, a stud. *163. See Stud of horses.]
wrestler n.
One who wrestles; one who is skillful in wrestling. [AS. wræstlere.]
forlorn a.
Deserted abandoned; lost. [OE., p.p. of forlesen to lose utterly, AS. forleósan (p.p. forloren); pref. for- + leósan (in comp.) to lose; cf. D. verliezen to lose, G. verlieren, Sw. förlor]
friezed a.
Gathered, or having the map gathered, into little tufts, knots, or protuberances. Cf. Frieze, v. t., and Friz, v. t.,
corse n.
A living body or its bulk. [OF. cors, F. corps. See Corpse.]
aspire v. t.
To aspire to; to long for; to try to reach; to mount to.
vitals n.
Organs that are necessary for life; more especially, the heart, lungs, and brain.
glorious a.
Exhibiting attributes, qualities, or acts that are worthy of or receive glory; noble; praiseworthy; excellent; splendid; illustrious; inspiring admiration; as, glorious deeds. [OF. glorios, glorious, F. glorieux, fr. L. gloriosus. See Glory, n.]
mould n.
Crumbling, soft, friable earth; esp., earth containing the remains or constituents of organic matter, and suited to the growth of plants; soil. [OE. molde, AS. molde; akin to D. mul, G. mull, mulm, OHG. molt, molta, Icel. mold, Dan. muld, Sw. mull, Goth. mulda, and E. meal flour. See Meal, and cf. Mole a]
prodigy n.
Something extraordinary, or out of the usual course of nature, from which omens are drawn; a portent; as, eclipses and meteors were anciently deemed prodigies. [L. prodigium; pro before + (perh.) a word appearing in adagium adage: cf. F. prodige. Cf. Adage.]
angry a.
Troublesome; vexatious; rigorous. [See Anger.]
presume v. t.
To assume or take beforehand; esp., to do or undertake without leave or authority previously obtained. [F. présumer, L. praesumere, praesumptum; prae before + sumere to take. See Assume, Redeem.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

To the Flower of Gnido is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Works of Garcilasso de la Vega, Project Gutenberg ebook #49410, the J. H. Wiffen translation; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Garcilaso de la Vega, To the Flower of Gnido, in The Works of Garcilasso de la Vega (1823), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #49410, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/garcilaso-works/to-the-flower-of-gnido.html, id L18700.

Form and metre

To the Flower of Gnido is 99 lines in 11 stanzas of 9 lines each. Every stanza rhymes ABABBCDDC. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 92% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.1 syllables. 12 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 36% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABABBCDDC lyreA · chainB · ireA · mainB · reinB · entranceC · tonesD · stonesD · danceC
  2. 2 ABABBCDDC gnideA · scarsB · dyedA · marsB · carsB · sankC · soulD · controlD · frankC
  3. 3 ABABBCDDC ringA · ownB · stringA · knownB · aloneB · alarmsC · disdainD · twainD · charmsC
  4. 4 ABABBCDDC contemnedA · deploreB · condemnedA · oarB · yoreB · steedC · restrainsD · reinsD · speedC
  5. 5 ABABBCDDC sakeA · handB · snakeA · sandB · handB · kissC · stringsD · thingsD · blissC
  6. 6 ABABBCDDC bestA · graveB · restA · waveB · raveB · lawsC · slaysD · faceD · abhorsC
  7. 7 ABABBCDDC gnideA · bornB · besideA · scornB · forlornB · spurnedC · gateD · lateD · turnedC
  8. 8 ABABBCDDC repelledA · prideB · beheldA · suicideB · tiedB · chainsC · sighsD · agoniesD · painsC
  9. 9 ABABBCDDC bleedA · distressB · succeedA · tendernessB · motionlessB · boneC · fleshD · freshD · stoneC
  10. 10 ABABBCDDC aspireA · coldB · fireA · rolledB · mouldB · changedC · gazedD · amazedD · avengedC
  11. 11 ABABBCDDC armsA · tauntB · charmsA · grantB · vauntB · presumeC · woeD · blowD · tombC
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Had I the sweet resounding lyre,8····˘/˘·
Whose voice could in a moment chain8·····/˘·
The howling wind's ungoverned ire,9·/˘····˘·
And movement of the raging main,8·/˘··/˘·
On savage hills the leopard rein,8·/˘··/˘·
The lion's fiery soul entrance,9·/˘/˘˘·/˘
And lead along with golden tones8··˘/·/˘·
The fascinated trees and stones8·/˘·˘···
In voluntary dance;6·/˘˘˘·
Think not, think not, fair Flower of Gnide,9·····/˘··
It e'er should celebrate the scars,8···/˘···
Dust raised, blood shed, or laurels dyed9··˘···/˘·
Beneath the gonfalon of Mars;8········
Or, borne sublime on festal cars,8··˘/·/˘·
The chiefs who to submission sank8····˘/˘·
The rebel German's soul of soul,8·/˘/˘···
And forged the chains that now control9··˘····˘/
The frenzy of the Frank.6·/˘···
No, no! its harmonies should ring8···/˘˘··
In vaunt of glories all thine own,8···/˘···
A discord sometimes from the string8·/˘/····
Struck forth to make thy harshness known8·····/˘·
The fingered chords should speak alone9·/˘˘···˘/
Of Beauty's triumphs, Love's alarms,8·/˘/˘·˘/
And one who, made by thy disdain8······˘/
Pale as a lily clipt in twain,8···/˘···
Bewails thy fatal charms.6···/˘·
Of that poor captive, too contemned,9···/˘···˘
I speak,--his doom you might deplore--8······˘/
In Venus' galliot-shell condemned10·/˘/˘˘·˘/˘
To strain for life the heavy oar.8·····/˘·
Through thee no longer as of yore8···/˘···
He tames the unmanageable steed,9···˘/˘˘˘·
With curb of gold his pride restrains,8······˘/
Or with pressed spurs and shaken reins9···˘··/˘·
Torments him into speed.6/·····
Not now he wields for thy sweet sake8········
The sword in his accomplished hand,9····˘/˘˘·
Nor grapples like a poisonous snake,9·/˘··/˘˘·
The wrestler on the yellow sand:9·/˘˘··/˘·
The old heroic harp his hand8··˘/˘···
Consults not now, it can but kiss8˘/······
The amorous lute's dissolving strings,9·/˘˘·˘/˘·
Which murmur forth a thousand things8·/˘··/˘·
Of banishment from bliss.6·/˘˘··
Through thee, my dearest friend and best8···/˘···
Grows harsh, importunate, and grave;8··˘/˘˘··
Myself have been his port of rest8·/······
From shipwreck on the yawning wave;8·/˘··/˘·
Yet now so high his passions rave8·····/˘·
Above lost reason's conquered laws,9···/˘/˘˘·
That not the traveller ere he slays9···/˘˘···
The asp, its sting, as he my face8········
So dreads, or so abhors.6····˘/
In snows on rocks, sweet Flower of Gnide,9·····/˘··
Thou wert not cradled, wert not born,9···/˘˘···
She who has not a fault beside8······˘/
Should ne'er be signalized for scorn;9······˘··
Else, tremble at the fate forlorn8·/˘···˘/
Of Anaxárete, who spurned7·······
The weeping Iphis from her gate,8·/˘·····
Who, scoffing long, relenting late,8·/˘·˘/˘·
Was to a Statue turned.6···/··
Whilst yet soft pity she repelled,9···/˘·˘/˘
Whilst yet she steeled her heart in pride,9····˘····
From her friezed window she beheld,9···˘/˘·˘/
Aghast, the lifeless suicide;8˘/·/˘/˘·
Around his lily neck was tied8···/˘···
What freed his spirit from her chains,8···/˘···
And purchased with a few short sighs9·/˘˘·····
For her immortal agonies,8··˘/˘/˘˘
Imperishable pains.6˘/˘˘˘·
Then first she felt her bosom bleed8·····/˘·
With love and pity; vain distress!8···/˘·˘/
Oh what deep rigours must succeed8···/˘·˘/
This first sole touch of tenderness!8·····/˘˘
Her eyes grow glazed and motionless,9····˘·/˘˘
Nailed on his wavering corse, each bone10·˘··/˘˘···
Hardening in growth, invades her flesh,9/˘˘··˘/··
Which, late so rosy, warm, and fresh,8···/˘···
Now stagnates into stone.6·/····
From limb to limb the frosts aspire,8······˘/
Her vitals curdle with the cold;8·/˘/˘···
The blood forgets its crimson fire,9··˘/·/˘/˘
The veins that e'er its motion rolled;9·····/˘·˘
Till now the virgin's glorious mould9···/˘/˘˘·
Was wholly into marble changed,9·/˘··/˘·˘
On which the Salaminians gazed,9········˘
Less at the prodigy amazed,9···/˘˘˘/˘
Than of the crime avenged.6····˘/
Then tempt not thou Fate's angry arms,8·····/˘·
By cruel frown or icy taunt;8·/˘··/˘·
But let thy perfect deeds and charms8···˘/···
To poets' harps, Divinest, grant8·/˘·˘/˘·
Themes worthy their immortal vaunt;8·/˘·˘/˘·
Else must our weeping strings presume9··/˘/˘·˘/
To celebrate in strains of woe,8·/˘·····
The justice of some signal blow8·/˘··/˘·
That strikes thee to the tomb.6······

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