The Initial Love

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) · 1847

trochaic tetrameter · rhyming couplets · 150 lines · from Poems

Venus, when her son was lost,Cried him up and down the coast,In hamlets, palaces and parks,And told the truant by his marks,--Golden curls, and quiver and bow.This befell how long ago!Time and tide are strangely changed,Men and manners much deranged:None will now find Cupid latentBy this foolish antique patent.He came late along the waste,Shod like a traveller for haste;With malice dared me to proclaim him,That the maids and boys might name him.

Boy no more, he wears all coats,Frocks and blouses, capes, capotes;He bears no bow, or quiver, or wand,Nor chaplet on his head or hand.Leave his weeds and heed his eyes,--All the rest he can disguise.In the pit of his eye's a sparkWould bring back day if it were dark;And, if I tell you all my thought,Though I comprehend it not,In those unfathomable orbsEvery function he absorbs;Doth eat, and drink, and fish, and shoot,And write, and reason, and compute,And ride, and run, and have, and hold,And whine, and flatter, and regret,And kiss, and couple, and beget,By those roving eyeballs bold.

Undaunted are their courages,Right Cossacks in their forages;Fleeter they than any creature,--They are his steeds, and not his feature;Inquisitive, and fierce, and fasting,Restless, predatory, hasting;And they pounce on other eyesAs lions on their prey;And round their circles is writ,Plainer than the day,Underneath, within, above,--Love--love--love--love.He lives in his eyes;There doth digest, and work, and spin,And buy, and sell, and lose, and win;He rolls them with delighted motion,Joy-tides swell their mimic ocean.Yet holds he them with tautest rein,That they may seize and entertainThe glance that to their glance opposes,Like fiery honey sucked from roses.He palmistry can understand,Imbibing virtue by his handAs if it were a living root;The pulse of hands will make him mute;With all his force he gathers balmsInto those wise, thrilling palms.

Cupid is a casuist,A mystic and a cabalist,--Can your lurking thought surprise,And interpret your device.He is versed in occult science,In magic and in clairvoyance,Oft he keeps his fine ear strained,And Reason on her tiptoe painedFor aëry intelligence,And for strange coincidence.But it touches his quick heartWhen Fate by omens takes his part,And chance-dropped hints from Nature's sphereDeeply soothe his anxious ear.

Heralds high before him run;He has ushers many a one;He spreads his welcome where he goes,And touches all things with his rose.All things wait for and divine him,--How shall I dare to malign him,Or accuse the god of sport?I must end my true report,Painting him from head to foot,In as far as I took note,Trusting well the matchless powerOf this young-eyed emperorWill clear his fame from every cloudWith the bards and with the crowd.

He is wilful, mutable,Shy, untamed, inscrutable,Swifter-fashioned than the fairies.Substance mixed of pure contraries;His vice some elder virtue's token,And his good is evil-spoken.Failing sometimes of his own,He is headstrong and alone;He affects the wood and wild,Like a flower-hunting child;Buries himself in summer waves,In trees, with beasts, in mines and caves,Loves nature like a hornèd cow,Bird, or deer, or caribou.

Shun him, nymphs, on the fleet horses!He has a total world of wit;O how wise are his discourses!But he is the arch-hypocrite,And, through all science and all art,Seeks alone his counterpart.He is a Pundit of the East,He is an augur and a priest,And his soul will melt in prayer,But word and wisdom is a snare;Corrupted by the present toyHe follows joy, and only joy.There is no mask but he will wear;He invented oaths to swear;He paints, he carves, he chants, he prays,And holds all stars in his embrace.He takes a sovran privilegeNot allowed to any liege;For Cupid goes behind all law,And right into himself does draw;For he is sovereignly allied,--Heaven's oldest blood flows in his side,--And interchangeably at oneWith every king on every throne,That no god dare say him nay,Or see the fault, or seen betray;He has the Muses by the heart,And the stern Parcae on his part.

His many signs cannot be told;He has not one mode, but manifold,Many fashions and addresses,Piques, reproaches, hurts, caresses.He will preach like a friar,And jump like Harlequin;He will read like a crier,And fight like a Paladin.Boundless is his memory;Plans immense his term prolong;He is not of counted age,Meaning always to be young.And his wish is intimacy,Intimater intimacy,And a stricter privacy;The impossible shall yet be done,And, being two, shall still be one.As the wave breaks to foam on shelves,Then runs into a wave again,So lovers melt their sundered selves,Yet melted would be twain.

Words in this poem 24
strangely adv.
As something foreign, or not one's own; in a manner adapted to something foreign and strange.
cupid
The god of love, son of Venus; usually represented as a naked, winged boy with bow and arrow. [L.Cupido, fr. cupido desire, desire of love, fr. cupidus. See Cupidity.]
chaplet n.
A garland or wreath to be worn on the head. [F. chapelet, dim. of OF. chapel hat, garland, dim. fr. LL. cappa. See Cap, and cf. Chapelet, Chapeau.]
undaunted a.
Not daunted; not subdued or depressed by fear.
pounce n.
A fine powder, as of sandarac, or cuttlefish bone, -- formerly used to prevent ink from spreading on manuscript. [F. ponce pumice, pounce, fr. L. pumex, -icis, pumice. See Pumice.]
delighted a.
Endowed with delight.
palmistry n.
The art or practice of divining or telling fortunes, or of judging of character, by the lines and marks in the palm of the hand; chiromancy. Ascham. [See Palmister.]
thrilling a.
Causing a thrill; causing tremulous excitement; deeply moving; as, a thrilling romance.
casuist n.
One who is skilled in, or given to, casuistry. [L. casus fall, case; cf. F. casuiste. See Casual.]
cabalist n.
One versed in the cabala, or the mysteries of Jewish traditions. [Cf.F. cabaliste.]
clairvoyance n.
A power, attributed to some persons while in a mesmeric state, of discering objects not perceptible by the senses in their normal condition. [F.]
tiptoe n.
The end, or tip, of the toe.
soothe v. t.
To assent to as true. Testament of Love. [Originally, to assent to as true; OE. so to verify, AS. ges to prove the truth of, to bear witness. See Sooth, a.]
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
swifter v. t.
To tighten, as slack standing rigging, by bringing the opposite shrouds nearer.
contraries n.
Propositions which directly and destructively contradict each other, but of which the falsehood of one does not establish the truth of the other. [Pl. of Contrary, n.]
caribou n.
The American reindeer, especially the common or woodland species (Rangifer Caribou). Barren Ground caribou. See under Barren. [Canadian French.]
pundit n.
A learned man; a teacher; esp., a Brahman versed in the Sanskrit language, and in the science, laws, and religion of the Hindoos; in Cashmere, any clerk or native official. [India] [Hind. pandit, Skr. pandita a learned man.]
sovran a.
A variant of Sovereign.
liege a.
Sovereign; independent; having authority or right to allegiance; as, a liege lord. [OE. lige, lege, F. lige, LL. ligius, legius, liege, unlimited, complete, prob. of German origin; cf. G. ledig free from bonds and obstacles, MHG. ledec, ledic, ]
sovereignly adv.
In a sovereign manner; in the highest degree; supremely.
parcae n.
The Fates. See Fate, 4. [L.]
paladin n.
A knight-errant; a distinguished champion; as, the paladins of Charlemagne. [F., fr.It. paladino, fr. L. palatinus an officer of the palace. See Palatine.]
twain a.
Two;- nearly obsolete in common discourse, but used in poetry and burlesque. [OE. twein, tweien, tweyne, AS. twegen, masc. See Two.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Initial Love is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems Household Edition, Project Gutenberg ebook #12843; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Ralph Waldo Emerson, The Initial Love, in Poems (1847), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12843, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/emerson-poems/the-initial-love.html, id L07421.

Form and metre

The Initial Love is 150 lines in 8 verse paragraphs. It is in rhyming couplets, 56% of the lines. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 76%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.7 syllables. 42 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 11% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in trochaic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 --AABBCC--DDEE lost · coast · parksA · marksA · bowB · agoB · changedC · derangedC · latent · patent · wasteD · hasteD · himE · himE
  2. 2 ----AABB--CCDDEFFE coats · capotes · wand · hand · eyesA · disguiseA · sparkB · darkB · thought · not · orbsC · absorbsC · shootD · computeD · holdE · regretF · begetF · boldE
  3. 3 --AA--BC-CDDBEEFFGGHHIIJJKK courages · forages · creatureA · featureA · fasting · hasting · eyesB · preyC · writ · dayC · aboveD · loveD · eyesB · spinE · winE · motionF · oceanF · reinG · entertainG · opposesH · rosesH · understandI · handI · rootJ · muteJ · balmsK · palmsK
  4. 4 ------AA--BBCC casuist · cabalist · surprise · device · science · clairvoyance · strainedA · painedA · intelligence · coincidence · heartB · partB · sphereC · earC
  5. 5 AABBCCDD----EE runA · oneA · goesB · roseB · himC · himC · sportD · reportD · foot · note · power · emperor · cloudE · crowdE
  6. 6 AA--BBCCDDEE-- mutableA · inscrutableA · fairies · contraries · tokenB · spokenB · ownC · aloneC · wildD · childD · wavesE · cavesE · cow · caribou
  7. 7 ABABCCDDEEFFEE--GGHHII--JJCC horsesA · witB · discoursesA · hypocriteB · artC · counterpartC · eastD · priestD · prayerE · snareE · toyF · joyF · wearE · swearE · prays · embrace · privilegeG · liegeG · lawH · drawH · alliedI · sideI · one · throne · nayJ · betrayJ · heartC · partC
  8. 8 AABBC-C-----DD-EEFGFG toldA · manifoldA · addressesB · caressesB · friarC · harlequin · crierC · paladin · memory · prolong · age · young · intimacyD · intimacyD · privacy · doneE · oneE · shelvesF · againG · selvesF · twainG
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Venus, when her son was lost,7/˘·····
Cried him up and down the coast,7·······
In hamlets, palaces and parks,8·/˘/˘˘··
And told the truant by his marks,--8···/˘···
Golden curls, and quiver and bow.8/˘··/˘··
This befell how long ago!7·˘/··˘/
Time and tide are strangely changed,8····/˘·˘
Men and manners much deranged:8··/˘·˘/˘
None will now find Cupid latent8····/˘/˘
By this foolish antique patent.8··/˘˘//˘
He came late along the waste,7···˘/··
Shod like a traveller for haste;8···/˘˘··
With malice dared me to proclaim him,9·/˘···˘/·
That the maids and boys might name him.8········
Boy no more, he wears all coats,7·······
Frocks and blouses, capes, capotes;7··/˘·˘/
He bears no bow, or quiver, or wand,9·····/˘··
Nor chaplet on his head or hand.8·/˘·····
Leave his weeds and heed his eyes,--7·······
All the rest he can disguise.7·····˘/
In the pit of his eye's a spark8········
Would bring back day if it were dark;8········
And, if I tell you all my thought,8········
Though I comprehend it not,7···˘/··
In those unfathomable orbs8··˘/˘˘˘·
Every function he absorbs;8/˘˘/˘·˘/
Doth eat, and drink, and fish, and shoot,8········
And write, and reason, and compute,8···/˘·˘/
And ride, and run, and have, and hold,8········
And whine, and flatter, and regret,8···/˘·˘/
And kiss, and couple, and beget,8···/˘·˘/
By those roving eyeballs bold.7··/˘/··
Undaunted are their courages,8˘/˘··/˘˘
Right Cossacks in their forages;8·/˘··/˘˘
Fleeter they than any creature,--8····/˘/˘
They are his steeds, and not his feature;9·······/˘
Inquisitive, and fierce, and fasting,9˘/˘˘···/˘
Restless, predatory, hasting;8/˘/˘·˘/˘
And they pounce on other eyes7····/˘·
As lions on their prey;6·/˘···
And round their circles is writ,7···/˘··
Plainer than the day,5/˘···
Underneath, within, above,--7·˘/····
Love--love--love--love.4····
He lives in his eyes;5·····
There doth digest, and work, and spin,8··˘/····
And buy, and sell, and lose, and win;8········
He rolls them with delighted motion,9····˘/˘/˘
Joy-tides swell their mimic ocean.8····/˘/˘
Yet holds he them with tautest rein,8·····/˘·
That they may seize and entertain8······˘/
The glance that to their glance opposes,9······˘/˘
Like fiery honey sucked from roses.9·/˘/˘··/˘
He palmistry can understand,8·/˘˘··˘/
Imbibing virtue by his hand8˘/˘/˘···
As if it were a living root;8·····/˘·
The pulse of hands will make him mute;8········
With all his force he gathers balms8·····/˘·
Into those wise, thrilling palms.7····/˘·
Cupid is a casuist,7/˘··/˘˘
A mystic and a cabalist,--8·/˘··/˘˘
Can your lurking thought surprise,7··/˘·˘/
And interpret your device.7·˘/˘·˘/
He is versed in occult science,8····˘//˘
In magic and in clairvoyance,8·/˘··˘/˘
Oft he keeps his fine ear strained,8·······˘
And Reason on her tiptoe pained8·/˘··/··
For aëry intelligence,7·/˘˘/˘˘
And for strange coincidence.7···˘/˘˘
But it touches his quick heart7··/˘···
When Fate by omens takes his part,8···/˘···
And chance-dropped hints from Nature's sphere8·····/˘·
Deeply soothe his anxious ear.7/˘··/˘·
Heralds high before him run;7/˘·····
He has ushers many a one;8··/˘/˘··
He spreads his welcome where he goes,8···/˘···
And touches all things with his rose.8·/˘·····
All things wait for and divine him,--8·····˘/·
How shall I dare to malign him,8·····˘/·
Or accuse the god of sport?7·˘/····
I must end my true report,7·····˘/
Painting him from head to foot,7/˘·····
In as far as I took note,7·······
Trusting well the matchless power8/˘··/˘/˘
Of this young-eyed emperor7····/˘˘
Will clear his fame from every cloud8·····/˘·
With the bards and with the crowd.7·······
He is wilful, mutable,7····/˘˘
Shy, untamed, inscrutable,8···˘˘/˘˘
Swifter-fashioned than the fairies.8/˘/˘··/˘
Substance mixed of pure contraries;8/˘···/˘˘
His vice some elder virtue's token,9···/˘/˘/˘
And his good is evil-spoken.8····/˘/˘
Failing sometimes of his own,7/˘/····
He is headstrong and alone;7··/··˘/
He affects the wood and wild,7·˘/····
Like a flower-hunting child;7··/˘/˘·
Buries himself in summer waves,8/˘˘/·/˘·
In trees, with beasts, in mines and caves,8········
Loves nature like a hornèd cow,7·/˘····
Bird, or deer, or caribou.7····/˘·
Shun him, nymphs, on the fleet horses!8······/˘
He has a total world of wit;8···/˘···
O how wise are his discourses!8·····˘/˘
But he is the arch-hypocrite,8·····/˘·
And, through all science and all art,8···/˘···
Seeks alone his counterpart.7·˘/·/˘·
He is a Pundit of the East,8···/˘···
He is an augur and a priest,8···/˘···
And his soul will melt in prayer,7·······
But word and wisdom is a snare;8···/˘···
Corrupted by the present toy8˘/˘··/˘·
He follows joy, and only joy.8·/˘··/˘·
There is no mask but he will wear;8········
He invented oaths to swear;7·˘/˘···
He paints, he carves, he chants, he prays,8········
And holds all stars in his embrace.8······˘/
He takes a sovran privilege7···/˘/˘
Not allowed to any liege;8·˘/˘·/˘·
For Cupid goes behind all law,8·/˘·····
And right into himself does draw;8····˘/··
For he is sovereignly allied,--9···/˘˘˘/·
Heaven's oldest blood flows in his side,--9/˘/˘·····
And interchangeably at one8··˘/˘˘··
With every king on every throne,8·/˘··/˘·
That no god dare say him nay,7·······
Or see the fault, or seen betray;8······˘/
He has the Muses by the heart,8···/˘···
And the stern Parcae on his part.8···/˘···
His many signs cannot be told;8·/˘·˘/··
He has not one mode, but manifold,9······/˘·
Many fashions and addresses,8/˘/˘·˘/˘
Piques, reproaches, hurts, caresses.8·˘/˘·˘/˘
He will preach like a friar,7·····/˘
And jump like Harlequin;6···/˘˘
He will read like a crier,7·····/˘
And fight like a Paladin.7····/˘˘
Boundless is his memory;7/˘··/˘˘
Plans immense his term prolong;7·˘/··˘/
He is not of counted age,7····/˘·
Meaning always to be young.7/˘/····
And his wish is intimacy,8····/˘˘˘
Intimater intimacy,8····/˘˘˘
And a stricter privacy;7··/˘/˘˘
The impossible shall yet be done,8·˘/˘····
And, being two, shall still be one.8·/˘·····
As the wave breaks to foam on shelves,8········
Then runs into a wave again,8······˘/
So lovers melt their sundered selves,8·/˘··/˘·
Yet melted would be twain.6·/˘···

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Ralph Waldo Emerson