Astraea
Each the herald is who wroteHis rank, and quartered his own coat.There is no king nor sovereign stateThat can fix a hero's rate;Each to all is venerable,Cap-a-pie invulnerable,Until he write, where all eyes rest,Slave or master on his breast.I saw men go up and down,In the country and the town,With this tablet on their neck,'Judgment and a judge we seek.'Not to monarchs they repair,Nor to learned jurist's chair;But they hurry to their peers,To their kinsfolk and their dears;Louder than with speech they pray,--'What am I? companion, say.'And the friend not hesitatesTo assign just place and mates;Answers not in word or letter,Yet is understood the better;Each to each a looking-glass,Reflects his figure that doth pass.Every wayfarer he meetsWhat himself declared repeats,What himself confessed records,Sentences him in his words;The form is his own corporal form,And his thought the penal worm.Yet shine forever virgin minds,Loved by stars and purest winds,Which, o'er passion throned sedate,Have not hazarded their state;Disconcert the searching spy,Rendering to a curious eyeThe durance of a granite ledge.To those who gaze from the sea's edgeIt is there for benefit;It is there for purging light;There for purifying storms;And its depths reflect all forms;It cannot parley with the mean,--Pure by impure is not seen.For there's no sequestered grot,Lone mountain tarn, or isle forgot,But Justice, journeying in the sphere,Daily stoops to harbor there.
Words in this poem
- wrote v. i.
- To root with the snout. See 1st Root. [OE. wroten. See 1st Root.]
- quartered a.
- Divided into four equal parts or quarters; separated into four parts or regions.
- invulnerable a.
- Incapable of being wounded, or of receiving injury. [L. invulnerabilis: cf. F. invulnérable. See In- not, and Vulnerable.]
- kinsfolk n.
- Relatives; kindred; kin; persons of the same family or closely or closely related families.
- wayfarer n.
- One who travels; a traveler; a passenger.
- curious a.
- Difficult to please or satisfy; solicitous to be correct; careful; scrupulous; nice; exact. [OF. curios, curius, F. curieux, L. curiosus careful, inquisitive, fr. cura care. See Cure.]
- durance n.
- Continuance; duration. See Endurance. [OF. durance duration, fr. L. durans, -antis, p. pr. durare to endure, last. See Dure, and cf. Durant.]
- lone n.
- A lane. See Loanin.
- tarn n.
- A mountain lake or pool. [OE. terne, Icel. tjörn.]
- isle v. t.
- To cause to become an island, or like an island; to surround or encompass; to island.
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
Astraea is in the public domain. This text is taken from Poems Household Edition, Project Gutenberg ebook #12843; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: Ralph Waldo Emerson, Astraea, in Poems (1847), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #12843, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/emerson-poems/astraea.html, id L07403.
Form and metre
Astraea is 48 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 75% of the lines. The metre is trochaic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 80%). 93% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.4 syllables. 6 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 12% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in rhyming couplets, other poems in trochaic tetrameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABB--CCDD--EEFFGGHHIIJJKK------LLMMNNOOPPQQ--RR wroteA · coatA · stateB · rateB · venerable · invulnerable · restC · breastC · downD · townD · neck · seek · repairE · chairE · peersF · dearsF · prayG · sayG · hesitatesH · matesH · letterI · betterI · glassJ · passJ · meetsK · repeatsK · records · words · form · worm · minds · winds · sedateL · stateL · spyM · eyeM · ledgeN · edgeN · benefitO · lightO · stormsP · formsP · meanQ · seenQ · grot · forgot · sphereR · thereR
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against trochaic tetrameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Each the herald is who wrote | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| His rank, and quartered his own coat. | 8 | ···/˘··· |
| There is no king nor sovereign state | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| That can fix a hero's rate; | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Each to all is venerable, | 8 | ····/˘˘˘ |
| Cap-a-pie invulnerable, | 8 | ···˘/˘˘˘ |
| Until he write, where all eyes rest, | 8 | ········ |
| Slave or master on his breast. | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| I saw men go up and down, | 7 | ······· |
| In the country and the town, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| With this tablet on their neck, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| 'Judgment and a judge we seek.' | 7 | /˘····· |
| Not to monarchs they repair, | 7 | ··/··˘/ |
| Nor to learned jurist's chair; | 7 | ···˘/˘· |
| But they hurry to their peers, | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| To their kinsfolk and their dears; | 7 | ··/˘··· |
| Louder than with speech they pray,-- | 7 | /˘····· |
| 'What am I? companion, say.' | 7 | ···˘/˘· |
| And the friend not hesitates | 7 | ····/˘· |
| To assign just place and mates; | 7 | ·˘/···· |
| Answers not in word or letter, | 8 | /˘····/˘ |
| Yet is understood the better; | 8 | ···˘/·/˘ |
| Each to each a looking-glass, | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Reflects his figure that doth pass. | 8 | ˘/·/˘··· |
| Every wayfarer he meets | 7 | /˘˘/˘·· |
| What himself declared repeats, | 8 | ·˘/˘/˘˘/ |
| What himself confessed records, | 8 | ·˘/˘/˘/˘ |
| Sentences him in his words; | 7 | /˘˘···· |
| The form is his own corporal form, | 8 | ·····/˘· |
| And his thought the penal worm. | 7 | ····/˘· |
| Yet shine forever virgin minds, | 8 | ··˘/˘/˘· |
| Loved by stars and purest winds, | 8 | ·˘···/˘· |
| Which, o'er passion throned sedate, | 8 | ··/˘·˘˘/ |
| Have not hazarded their state; | 7 | ··/˘˘·· |
| Disconcert the searching spy, | 7 | ·˘/·/˘· |
| Rendering to a curious eye | 8 | /˘˘··/˘· |
| The durance of a granite ledge. | 8 | ·/˘··/˘· |
| To those who gaze from the sea's edge | 8 | ········ |
| It is there for benefit; | 7 | ····/˘˘ |
| It is there for purging light; | 7 | ····/˘· |
| There for purifying storms; | 7 | ··/˘·˘· |
| And its depths reflect all forms; | 7 | ···˘/·· |
| It cannot parley with the mean,-- | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Pure by impure is not seen. | 7 | ··˘/··· |
| For there's no sequestered grot, | 8 | ···˘/˘˘· |
| Lone mountain tarn, or isle forgot, | 8 | ·/˘···˘/ |
| But Justice, journeying in the sphere, | 8 | ·/˘/˘··· |
| Daily stoops to harbor there. | 7 | /˘··/˘· |
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