The Death of Moses

George Eliot (1819–1880) · 1874

iambic pentameter · 122 lines · from The Legend of Jubal and Other Poems

Moses, who spake with God as with his friend,And ruled his people with the twofold powerOf wisdom that can dare and still be meek,Was writing his last word, the sacred nameUnutterable of that Eternal WillWhich was and is and evermore shall be.Yet was his task not finished, for the flockNeeded its shepherd and the life-taught sageLeaves no successor; but to chosen men.The rescuers and guides of Israel,A death was given called the Death of Grace,Which freed them from the burden of the fleshBut left them rulers of the multitudeAnd loved companions of the lonely. ThisWas God's last gift to Moses, this the hourWhen soul must part from self and be but soul.

God spake to Gabriel, the messengerOf mildest death that draws the parting lifeGently, as when a little rosy childLifts up its lips from off the bowl of milkAnd so draws forth a curl that dipped its goldIn the soft white — thus Gabriel draws the soul."Go bring the soul of Moses unto me!"And the awe-stricken angel answered, "Lord,How shall I dare to take his life who livesSole of his kind, not to be likened onceIn all the generations of the earth? "

Then God called Michaël, him of pensive brow,Snow-vest and flaming sword, who knows and acts:"Go bring the spirit of Moses unto me!"But Michaël with such grief as angels feel,Loving the mortals whom they succor, pled:"Almighty, spare me; it was I who taughtThy servant Moses; he is part of meAs I of thy deep secrets, knowing them."

Then God called Zamaël, the terrible,The angel of fierce death, of agonyThat comes in battle and in pestilenceRemorseless, sudden or with lingering throes.And Zamaël, his raiment and broad wingsBlood-tinctured, the dark lustre of his eyesShrouding the red, fell like the gathering nightBefore the prophet. But that radianceWon from the heavenly presence in the mountGleamed on the prophet's brow and dazzling piercedIts conscious opposite: the angel turnedHis murky gaze aloof and inly said:"An angel this, deathless to angel's stroke."

But Moses felt the subtly nearing dark:"Who art thou? and what wilt thou?" Zamaël then:"I am God's reaper; through the fields of lifeI gather ripened and unripened soulsBoth willing and unwilling. And I comeNow to reap thee." But Moses cried.Firm as a seer who waits the trusted sign:"Reap thou the fruitless plant and common herb—Not him who from the womb was sanctifiedTo teach the law of purity and love."And Zamaël baffled from his errand fled.

But Moses, pausing, in the air sereneHeard now that mystic whisper, far yet near,The all-penetrating Voice, that said to him,"Moses, the hour is come and thou must die.""Lord, I obey; but thou rememberestHow thou, Ineffable, didst take me onceWithin thy orb of light untouched by death."Then the voice answered, "Be no more afraid:With me shall be thy death and burial."So Moses waited, ready now to die.

And the Lord came, invisible as a thought.Three angels gleaming on his secret track.Prince Michaël, Zagaël, Gabriel, charged to guardThe soul-forsaken body as it fellAnd bear it to the hidden sepulchreDenied forever to the search of man.And the Voice said to Moses: "Close thine eyes."He closed them. "Lay thine hand upon thine heart.And draw thy feet together." He obeyed.And the Lord said, "O spirit! child of mine!A hundred years and twenty thou hast dweltWithin this tabernacle wrought of clay.This is the end: come forth and flee to heaven."

But the grieved soul with plaintive pleading cried,"I love this body with a clinging love:The courage fails me. Lord, to part from it."

"O child, come forth! for thou shalt dwell with meAbout the immortal throne where seraphs joyIn growing vision and in growing love."

Yet hesitating, fluttering, like the birdWith young wing weak and dubious, the soulStayed. But behold! upon the death-dewed lipsA kiss descended, pure, unspeakable—The bodiless Love without embracing LoveThat lingered in the body, drew it forthWith heavenly strength and carried it to heaven.

But now beneath the sky the watchers all,Angels that keep the homes of IsraelOr on high purpose wander o'er the worldLeading the Gentiles, felt a dark eclipse:The greatest ruler among men was gone.And from the westward sea was heard a wail,A dirge as from the isles of Javanim,Crying, "Who now is left upon the earthLike him to teach the right and smite the wrong?"And from the East, far o'er the Syrian waste,Came slowlier, sadlier, the answering dirge:"No prophet like him lives or shall ariseIn Israel or the world forevermore."

But Israel waited, looking toward the mount.Till with the deepening eve the elders cameSaying, "His burial is hid with God.We stood far off and saw the angels liftHis corpse aloft until they seemed a starThat burnt itself away within the sky."

The people answered with mute orphaned gazeLooking for what had vanished evermore.Then through the gloom without them and withinThe spirit's shaping light, mysterious speech,Invisible Will wrought clear in sculptured sound,The thought-begotten daughter of the voice,Thrilled on their listening sense: "He has no tomb.He dwells not with you dead, but lives as Law."

Words in this poem 24
evermore adv.
During eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all times; -- often used substantively with for.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
stricken p. p.
Struck; smitten; wounded; as, the stricken deer.
remorseless a.
Being without remorse; having no pity; hence, destitute of sensibility; cruel; insensible to distress; merciless.
lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
shrouding n.
The shrouds. See Shroud, n., 7.
inly a.
Internal; interior; secret. [OE. inlich, AS. inlic. See In.]
deathless a.
Not subject to death, destruction, or extinction; immortal; undying; imperishable; as, deathless beings; deathless fame.
subtly adv.
In a subtle manner; slyly; artfully; cunningly.
reap n.
A bundle of grain; a handful of grain laid down by the reaper as it is cut. Wright. [Cf. AS. rip harvest. See Reap, v.]
fruitless a.
Lacking, or not bearing, fruit; barren; destitute of offspring; as, a fruitless tree or shrub; a fruitless marriage.
womb n.
The belly; the abdomen. [OE. wombe, wambe, AS. wamb, womb; akin to D. wam belly, OS. & OHG. wamba, G. wamme, wampe, Icel. vömb, Sw. v&mb, Dan. vom, Goth. wamba.]
sanctified a.
Made holy; also, made to have the air of sanctity; sanctimonious.
didst
, the 2d pers. sing. imp. of Do.
burial n.
A grave; a tomb; a place of sepulture. [OE. buriel, buriels, grave, tomb, AS. byrgels, fr. byrgan to bury, and akin to OS. burgisli sepulcher.]
sepulchre n.
The place in which the dead body of a human being is interred, or a place set apart for that purpose; a grave; a tomb. [OE. sepulcre, OF. sepulcre, F. sépulcre, fr. L. sepulcrum, sepulchrum, fr. sepelire to bury.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
shalt
2d per. sing. of Shall.
dwell v. i.
To delay; to linger. [OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger, AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay, dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to delay, tarry, Sw. dväljas to dwell, Dan. dv]
dubious a.
Doubtful or not settled in opinion; being in doubt; wavering or fluctuating; undetermined. [L. dubius, dubiosus, fr. duo two. See Two, and cf. Doubt.]
stayed a.
Staid; fixed; settled; sober; -- now written staid. See Staid.
bodiless a.
Having no body.
dirge n.
A piece of music of a mournful character, to accompany funeral rites; a funeral hymn. [Contraction of Lat. dirige, direct thou (imperative of dirigere), the first word of a funeral hymn (Lat. transl. of Psalm v. 8) beginning, "Dirige, Domine, in c]
corpse n.
A human body in general, whether living or dead; -- sometimes contemptuosly. [OF. cors (sometimes written corps), F. corps, L. corpus; akin to AS. hrif womb. See Midriff, and cf. Corse, Corselet, Corps, Cuerpo.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Death of Moses is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Legend of Jubal and Other Poems (ten poems from The poems of George Eliot, Crowell, 1884, on Wikisource; four from The Spanish Gypsy; The Legend of Jubal and Other Poems, Old and New, Worthington, 1890, Internet Archive spanishgypsylege00elio), Wikisource and Internet Archive; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: George Eliot, The Death of Moses, in The Legend of Jubal and Other Poems (1874), text of Wikisource and Internet Archive, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/eliot-poems/the-death-of-moses.html, id L29781.

Form and metre

The Death of Moses is 122 lines in 13 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 85%).

See other poems in iambic pentameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 ABAB friendA · powerB · meekA · nameB · will · be · flock · sage · men · israel · grace · flesh · multitude · this · hour · soul
  2. 2 -A------------A- messenger · lifeA · child · milk · gold · soul · me · lord · lives · once · earth
  3. 4 --A---A- terrible · agony · pestilenceA · throes · wings · eyes · nightA · radiance · mount · pierced · turned · said · stroke
  4. 6 -----A--A-- serene · near · him · die · rememberest · onceA · death · afraid · burialA · die
  5. 7 ---A-----A thought · track · guard · fellA · sepulchre · man · eyes · heart · obeyed · mineA · dwelt · clay · heaven
  6. 8 ---------A--A cried · love · it
  7. 11 -A-A--- all · israelA · world · eclipseA · gone · wail · javanim · earth · wrong · waste · dirge · arise · forevermore
  8. 12 AA---A------- mountA · cameA · god · lift · star · skyA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Moses, who spake with God as with his friend,10/˘········
And ruled his people with the twofold power11···/˘··///˘
Of wisdom that can dare and still be meek,10·/˘·······
Was writing his last word, the sacred name10·/˘····/˘·
Unutterable of that Eternal Will11˘/˘˘˘··˘/˘·
Which was and is and evermore shall be.10·····/˘···
Yet was his task not finished, for the flock10·····/˘···
Needed its shepherd and the life-taught sage10/˘·/˘·····
Leaves no successor; but to chosen men.10··˘/˘··/˘·
The rescuers and guides of Israel,10·/·˘···/˘˘
A death was given called the Death of Grace,10···/˘·····
Which freed them from the burden of the flesh10·····/˘···
But left them rulers of the multitude10···/˘··/˘·
And loved companions of the lonely. This10··˘/˘··/˘·
Was God's last gift to Moses, this the hour11·····/˘··/˘
When soul must part from self and be but soul.10··········
God spake to Gabriel, the messenger10···/˘˘·/˘˘
Of mildest death that draws the parting life10·/˘····/˘·
Gently, as when a little rosy child10/˘···/˘/˘·
Lifts up its lips from off the bowl of milk10··········
And so draws forth a curl that dipped its gold10··········
In the soft white — thus Gabriel draws the soul.10·····/˘···
"Go bring the soul of Moses unto me!"10·····/˘···
And the awe-stricken angel answered, "Lord,10···/˘/˘/˘·
How shall I dare to take his life who lives10··········
Sole of his kind, not to be likened once10·······/˘·
In all the generations of the earth? "10····˘/˘···
Then God called Michaël, him of pensive brow,10···/˘··/˘·
Snow-vest and flaming sword, who knows and acts:10···/˘·····
"Go bring the spirit of Moses unto me!"10···/·/˘···
But Michaël with such grief as angels feel,10·/˘····/˘·
Loving the mortals whom they succor, pled:10/˘·/˘··/˘·
"Almighty, spare me; it was I who taught10˘/˘·······
Thy servant Moses; he is part of me10·/˘/˘·····
As I of thy deep secrets, knowing them."10·····/˘/˘·
Then God called Zamaël, the terrible,10···˘···/˘˘
The angel of fierce death, of agony10·/˘····/˘˘
That comes in battle and in pestilence10···/˘··/˘˘
Remorseless, sudden or with lingering throes.10˘/˘/˘··/˘·
And Zamaël, his raiment and broad wings9····/˘···
Blood-tinctured, the dark lustre of his eyes10·/˘··/˘···
Shrouding the red, fell like the gathering night10/˘·····/˘·
Before the prophet. But that radiance10···/˘··/˘˘
Won from the heavenly presence in the mount10···/˘/˘···
Gleamed on the prophet's brow and dazzling pierced10···/˘··/˘·
Its conscious opposite: the angel turned10·/˘/˘˘·/˘·
His murky gaze aloof and inly said:10·/˘·˘/·/˘·
"An angel this, deathless to angel's stroke."10·/˘·/˘·/˘·
But Moses felt the subtly nearing dark:10·/˘··/˘/˘·
"Who art thou? and what wilt thou?" Zamaël then:10··········
"I am God's reaper; through the fields of life10···/˘·····
I gather ripened and unripened souls10·/˘/˘·····
Both willing and unwilling. And I come10·/˘·˘/˘···
Now to reap thee." But Moses cried.8·····/˘·
Firm as a seer who waits the trusted sign:10·······/˘·
"Reap thou the fruitless plant and common herb—10···/˘··/˘·
Not him who from the womb was sanctified10·······/˘˘
To teach the law of purity and love."10·····/˘˘··
And Zamaël baffled from his errand fled.10···/˘··/˘·
But Moses, pausing, in the air serene10·/˘/˘···˘/
Heard now that mystic whisper, far yet near,10···/˘/˘···
The all-penetrating Voice, that said to him,11··/˘·˘·····
"Moses, the hour is come and thou must die."10/˘·/······
"Lord, I obey; but thou rememberest10··˘/··˘/˘˘
How thou, Ineffable, didst take me once10··˘/˘˘····
Within thy orb of light untouched by death."10······˘/··
Then the voice answered, "Be no more afraid:10···/˘···˘/
With me shall be thy death and burial."10·······/˘˘
So Moses waited, ready now to die.10·/˘/˘/˘···
And the Lord came, invisible as a thought.10····˘/˘···
Three angels gleaming on his secret track.10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Prince Michaël, Zagaël, Gabriel, charged to guard10·/˘··/˘···
The soul-forsaken body as it fell10··˘/˘/˘···
And bear it to the hidden sepulchre9·····/˘··
Denied forever to the search of man.10˘/˘/˘·····
And the Voice said to Moses: "Close thine eyes."10·····/˘···
He closed them. "Lay thine hand upon thine heart.10··········
And draw thy feet together." He obeyed.10····˘/˘·˘/
And the Lord said, "O spirit! child of mine!10·····/˘···
A hundred years and twenty thou hast dwelt10·/˘··/˘···
Within this tabernacle wrought of clay.10···/˘·˘···
This is the end: come forth and flee to heaven."11·········/˘
But the grieved soul with plaintive pleading cried,10·····/˘/˘·
"I love this body with a clinging love:10···/˘··/˘·
The courage fails me. Lord, to part from it."10·/˘·······
"O child, come forth! for thou shalt dwell with me10··········
About the immortal throne where seraphs joy11···˘/˘·····
In growing vision and in growing love."10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Yet hesitating, fluttering, like the bird10·/˘·˘/˘···
With young wing weak and dubious, the soul10·····/˘˘··
Stayed. But behold! upon the death-dewed lips10··˘/······
A kiss descended, pure, unspeakable—10··˘/˘·˘/˘˘
The bodiless Love without embracing Love11·/˘˘···˘/˘·
That lingered in the body, drew it forth10·/˘··/˘···
With heavenly strength and carried it to heaven.10·/˘··/˘··/
But now beneath the sky the watchers all,10·······/˘·
Angels that keep the homes of Israel10/˘·····/˘˘
Or on high purpose wander o'er the world10···/˘/˘···
Leading the Gentiles, felt a dark eclipse:10/˘·/····˘/
The greatest ruler among men was gone.10·/˘/˘·····
And from the westward sea was heard a wail,10···/˘·····
A dirge as from the isles of Javanim,10··········
Crying, "Who now is left upon the earth10/˘········
Like him to teach the right and smite the wrong?"10··········
And from the East, far o'er the Syrian waste,10·······/˘·
Came slowlier, sadlier, the answering dirge:10···/˘·/˘˘·
"No prophet like him lives or shall arise10·/˘·····˘/
In Israel or the world forevermore."10·/˘·······
But Israel waited, looking toward the mount.11·/˘/˘/˘····
Till with the deepening eve the elders came10···/˘··/˘·
Saying, "His burial is hid with God.10/˘·/˘˘····
We stood far off and saw the angels lift10·······/˘·
His corpse aloft until they seemed a star10··˘/······
That burnt itself away within the sky."10··˘/˘/····
The people answered with mute orphaned gaze10·/˘/˘··/˘·
Looking for what had vanished evermore.10/˘···/˘/˘·
Then through the gloom without them and within10··········
The spirit's shaping light, mysterious speech,10·/˘/˘·˘/˘·
Invisible Will wrought clear in sculptured sound,10˘/˘····/˘·
The thought-begotten daughter of the voice,10··˘/˘/˘···
Thrilled on their listening sense: "He has no tomb.10···/˘·····
He dwells not with you dead, but lives as Law."10··········

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