To the Countesse of Huntingdon
Man to Gods image; Eve, to mans was made,Nor finde wee that God breath'd a soule in her,Canons will not Church functions you invade,Nor lawes to civill office you preferre.
Who vagrant transitory Comets sees,Wonders, because they'are rare; But a new starreWhose motion with the firmament agrees,Is miracle; for, there no new things are;
In woman so perchance milde innocenceA seldome comet is, but active goodA miracle, which reason scapes, and sense;For, Art and Nature this in them withstood.
As such a starre, the Magi led to viewThe manger-cradled infant, God below:By vertues beames by fame deriv'd from you,May apt soules, and the worst may, vertue know.
If the worlds age, and death be argued wellBy the Sunnes fall, which now towards earth doth bend,Then we might feare that vertue, since she fellSo low as woman, should be neare her end.
But she's not stoop'd, but rais'd; exil'd by menShe fled to heaven, that's heavenly things, that's you;She was in all men, thinly scatter'd then,But now amass'd, contracted in a few.
She guilded us: But you are gold, and Shee;Us she inform'd, but transubstantiates you;Soft dispositions which ductile bee,Elixarlike, she makes not cleane, but new.
Though you a wifes and mothers name retaine,'Tis not as woman, for all are not soe,But vertue having made you vertue,'is faineT'adhere in these names, her and you to show,
Else, being alike pure, wee should neither see;As, water being into ayre rarify'd,Neither appeare, till in one cloud they bee,So, for our sakes you do low names abide;
Taught by great constellations, which being fram'd,Of the most starres, take low names, Crab and Bull,When single planets by the Gods are nam'd,You covet not great names, of great things full.
So you, as woman, one doth comprehend,And in the vaile of kindred others see;To some ye are reveal'd, as in a friend,And as a vertuous Prince farre off, to mee.
To whom, because from you all vertues flow,And 'tis not none, to dare contemplate you,I, which doe so, as your true subject oweSome tribute for that, so these lines are due.
If you can thinke these flatteries, they are,For then your judgement is below my praise,If they were so, oft, flatteries worke as farre,As Counsels, and as farre th'endeavour raise.
So my ill reaching you might there grow good,But I remaine a poyson'd fountaine still;But not your beauty, vertue, knowledge, bloodAre more above all flattery, then my will.
And if I flatter any,'tis not youBut my owne judgement, who did long agoePronounce, that all these praises should be true,And vertue should your beauty,'and birth outgrow.
Now that my prophesies are all fulfill'd,Rather then God should not be honour'd too,And all these gifts confess'd, which hee instill'd,Your selfe were bound to say that which I doe.
So I, but your Recorder am in this,Or mouth, or Speaker of the universe,A ministeriall Notary, for'tisNot I, but you and fame, that make this verse;
I was your Prophet in your yonger dayes,And now your Chaplaine, God in you to praise.
Words in this poem
- civill a.
- Pertaining to a city or state, or to a citizen in his relations to his fellow citizens or to the state; within the city or state. [L. civilis, fr. civis citizen: cf. F. civil. See City.]
- starre n.
- One of the innumerable luminous bodies seen in the heavens; any heavenly body other than the sun, moon, comets, and nebulæ. [OE. sterre, AS. steorra; akin to OFries. stera, OS. sterro, D. ster, OHG. sterno, sterro, G. stern, Icel. stjarna, Sw. stjerna, Dan. stierne, Goth. staírno, Arm]
- firmament n.
- Fixed foundation; established basis. [L. firmamentum, fr. firmare to make firm: cf. F. firmament. See Firm, v. & a.]
- vertuous a.
- Virtuous; powerful.
- farre n.
- A young pig, or a litter of pigs. [See Farrow.]
- contemplate v. t.
- To look at on all sides or in all its bearings; to view or consider with continued attention; to regard with deliberate care; to meditate on; to study. [L. contemplatus, p.p. of contemplari to contemplate; con- + templum a space for observation marked out by the augur. See Temple.]
- outgrow v. t.
- To surpass in growing; to grow more than.
- ministeriall a.
- Of or pertaining to ministry or service; serving; attendant. [L. ministerialis: cf. F. ministériel. See Minister, and cf. Minstrel.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
To the Countesse of Huntingdon is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of John Donne, Volume 1 (of 2) Edited from the Old Editions and Numerous Manuscripts, Project Gutenberg ebook #48688; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: John Donne, To the Countesse of Huntingdon, in Poems (1633), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #48688, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/donne-poems/to-the-countesse-of-huntingdon.html, id L04967.
Form and metre
To the Countesse of Huntingdon is 70 lines in 18 stanzas. The rhyme scheme is ABAB, complete in 16 of its 18 stanzas. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 83%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.0 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 19% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 ABAB madeA · herB · invadeA · preferreB
- 2 ABAB seesA · starreB · agreesA · areB
- 3 ABAB innocenceA · goodB · senseA · withstoodB
- 4 ABAB viewA · belowB · youA · knowB
- 5 ABAB wellA · bendB · fellA · endB
- 6 ABAB menA · youB · thenA · fewB
- 7 ABAB sheeA · youB · beeA · newB
- 8 ABAB retaineA · soeB · faineA · showB
- 9 ABAB seeA · rarify'dB · beeA · abideB
- 10 ABAB fram'dA · bullB · nam'dA · fullB
- 11 ABAB comprehendA · seeB · friendA · meeB
- 12 ABAB flowA · youB · oweA · dueB
- 13 ABAB areA · praiseB · farreA · raiseB
- 14 ABAB goodA · stillB · bloodA · willB
- 15 ABAB youA · agoeB · trueA · outgrowB
- 16 A-A- fulfill'dA · too · instill'dA · doe
- 17 ABAB thisA · universeB · for'tisA · verseB
- 18 AA dayesA · praiseA
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| Man to Gods image; Eve, to mans was made, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Nor finde wee that God breath'd a soule in her, | 10 | ·········· |
| Canons will not Church functions you invade, | 10 | /˘···/˘·˘/ |
| Nor lawes to civill office you preferre. | 10 | ···/˘/˘·˘/ |
| Who vagrant transitory Comets sees, | 10 | ·/˘/˘·˘/˘· |
| Wonders, because they'are rare; But a new starre | 10 | /˘········ |
| Whose motion with the firmament agrees, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘˘˘/ |
| Is miracle; for, there no new things are; | 10 | ·/˘˘······ |
| In woman so perchance milde innocence | 10 | ·/˘·˘/·/˘˘ |
| A seldome comet is, but active good | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| A miracle, which reason scapes, and sense; | 10 | ·/˘˘·/˘··· |
| For, Art and Nature this in them withstood. | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| As such a starre, the Magi led to view | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| The manger-cradled infant, God below: | 10 | ·/˘/˘/˘··· |
| By vertues beames by fame deriv'd from you, | 10 | ······˘/·· |
| May apt soules, and the worst may, vertue know. | 10 | ·········· |
| If the worlds age, and death be argued well | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| By the Sunnes fall, which now towards earth doth bend, | 10 | ·········· |
| Then we might feare that vertue, since she fell | 10 | ·········· |
| So low as woman, should be neare her end. | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But she's not stoop'd, but rais'd; exil'd by men | 10 | ······/··· |
| She fled to heaven, that's heavenly things, that's you; | 10 | ···/·/˘··· |
| She was in all men, thinly scatter'd then, | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| But now amass'd, contracted in a few. | 10 | ··˘//˘˘··· |
| She guilded us: But you are gold, and Shee; | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Us she inform'd, but transubstantiates you; | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Soft dispositions which ductile bee, | 9 | ··˘/˘·/˘· |
| Elixarlike, she makes not cleane, but new. | 10 | ·········· |
| Though you a wifes and mothers name retaine, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| 'Tis not as woman, for all are not soe, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But vertue having made you vertue,'is faine | 11 | ···/˘······ |
| T'adhere in these names, her and you to show, | 10 | ·········· |
| Else, being alike pure, wee should neither see; | 10 | ·/˘/···/˘· |
| As, water being into ayre rarify'd, | 10 | ·/˘/······ |
| Neither appeare, till in one cloud they bee, | 10 | /˘········ |
| So, for our sakes you do low names abide; | 10 | ··/·····˘/ |
| Taught by great constellations, which being fram'd, | 10 | ····˘/˘·/· |
| Of the most starres, take low names, Crab and Bull, | 10 | ·········· |
| When single planets by the Gods are nam'd, | 10 | ·/˘/˘····· |
| You covet not great names, of great things full. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| So you, as woman, one doth comprehend, | 10 | ···/˘···˘/ |
| And in the vaile of kindred others see; | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| To some ye are reveal'd, as in a friend, | 10 | ····˘/···· |
| And as a vertuous Prince farre off, to mee. | 11 | ···/˘˘····· |
| To whom, because from you all vertues flow, | 10 | ·········· |
| And 'tis not none, to dare contemplate you, | 10 | ······/˘·· |
| I, which doe so, as your true subject owe | 10 | ·······˘/· |
| Some tribute for that, so these lines are due. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| If you can thinke these flatteries, they are, | 10 | ·····/˘˘·· |
| For then your judgement is below my praise, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| If they were so, oft, flatteries worke as farre, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| As Counsels, and as farre th'endeavour raise. | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| So my ill reaching you might there grow good, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| But I remaine a poyson'd fountaine still; | 10 | ·······˘/· |
| But not your beauty, vertue, knowledge, blood | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| Are more above all flattery, then my will. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| And if I flatter any,'tis not you | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| But my owne judgement, who did long agoe | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Pronounce, that all these praises should be true, | 10 | ˘/···/˘··· |
| And vertue should your beauty,'and birth outgrow. | 11 | ·····/˘···/ |
| Now that my prophesies are all fulfill'd, | 10 | ···/˘˘··˘/ |
| Rather then God should not be honour'd too, | 10 | /˘········ |
| And all these gifts confess'd, which hee instill'd, | 10 | ····˘/··˘/ |
| Your selfe were bound to say that which I doe. | 10 | ·········· |
| So I, but your Recorder am in this, | 10 | ····˘/˘··· |
| Or mouth, or Speaker of the universe, | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| A ministeriall Notary, for'tis | 11 | ··˘/˘˘/˘˘/˘ |
| Not I, but you and fame, that make this verse; | 10 | ·········· |
| I was your Prophet in your yonger dayes, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And now your Chaplaine, God in you to praise. | 10 | ·········· |
Notes from the edition 17
Herbert Grierson's record of the readings of the early editions and manuscripts, from his Poems of John Donne (Oxford, 1912; Project Gutenberg #48688).
- Stanza 1, line 1 image;] image, 1633
- Stanza 3, line 1 woman] women 1669
- Stanza 4, line 1 the] which 1633
- Stanza 4, line 2 below: Ed: below. 1633-69
- Stanza 4, line 3 beames by ... you, 1633: beames (by ... you) 1633-69
- Stanza 4, line 4 may, Ed: may 1633-69
- Stanza 6, line 2 you; Ed: you, 1633-69
- Stanza 6, line 4 amass'd, 1633, O'F: a masse 1635-69, N, TCD
- Stanza 9, line 1 see; Ed: see, 1633-69
- Stanza 11, line 2 vaile] vale 1669
- Stanza 11, line 3 ye 1633: you 1635-69
- Stanza 12, line 3 doe so, 1635-69, O'F: doe N, TCD: to you 1633
- Stanza 12, line 4 due.] due, 1633
- Stanza 14, line 3 But 1633, N, O'F, TCD: And 1635-69, Chambers
- Stanza 16, line 4 that] thar 1633
- Stanza 17, line 2 or Speaker 1633: and Speaker 1635-69
- Stanza 17, line 3 Notary,] notary, 1633
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