The Expostulation
To make the doubt cleare, that no woman's true,Was it my fate to prove it strong in you?Thought I, but one had breathed purest aire,And must she needs be false because she's faire?Is it your beauties marke, or of your youth,Or your perfection, not to study truth?Or thinke you heaven is deafe, or hath no eyes?Or those it hath, smile at your perjuries?Are vowes so cheape with women, or the matterWhereof they are made, that they are writ in water,And blowne away with winde? Or doth their breath(Both hot and cold at once) make life and death?Who could have thought so many accents sweetForm'd into words, so many sighs should meeteAs from our hearts, so many oathes, and tearesSprinkled among, (all sweeter by our fearesAnd the divine impression of stolne kisses,That seal'd the rest) should now prove empty blisses?Did you draw bonds to forfet? signe to breake?Or must we reade you quite from what you speake,And finde the truth out the wrong way? or mustHee first desire you false, would wish you just?O I prophane, though most of women beThis kinde of beast, my thought shall except thee;My dearest love, though froward jealousie,With circumstance might urge thy'inconstancie,Sooner I'll thinke the Sunne will cease to cheareThe teeming earth, and that forget to beare,Sooner that rivers will runne back, or ThamesWith ribs of Ice in June would bind his streames,Or Nature, by whose strength the world endures,Would change her course, before you alter yours.But O that treacherous breast to whom weake youDid trust our Counsells, and wee both may rue,Having his falshood found too late, 'twas heeThat made me cast you guilty, and you me,Whilst he, black wretch, betray'd each simple wordWee spake, unto the cunning of a third.Curst may hee be, that so our love hath slaine,And wander on the earth, wretched as Cain,Wretched as hee, and not deserve least pitty;In plaguing him, let misery be witty;Let all eyes shunne him, and hee shunne each eye,Till hee be noysome as his infamie;May he without remorse deny God thrice,And not be trusted more on his Soules price;And after all selfe torment, when hee dyes,May Wolves teare out his heart, Vultures his eyes,Swine eate his bowels, and his falser tongueThat utter'd all, be to some Raven flung,And let his carrion coarse be a longer feastTo the Kings dogges, then any other beast.Now have I curst, let us our love revive;In mee the flame was never more alive;I could beginne againe to court and praise,And in that pleasure lengthen the short dayesOf my lifes lease; like Painters that do takeDelight, not in made worke, but whiles they make;I could renew those times, when first I sawLove in your eyes, that gave my tongue the lawTo like what you lik'd; and at maskes and playesCommend the selfe same Actors, the same wayes;Aske how you did, and often with intentOf being officious, be impertinent;All which were such soft pastimes, as in theseLove was as subtilly catch'd, as a disease;But being got it is a treasure sweet,Which to defend is harder then to get:And ought not be prophan'd on either part,For though'tis got by chance, 'tis kept by art.
Words in this poem
- needs adv.
- Of necessity; necessarily; indispensably; -- often with must, and equivalent to of need. [Orig. gen. of need, used as an adverb. Cf. - wards.]
- whereof adv.
- Of which; of whom; formerly, also, with which; -- used relatively.
- shall v. i.
- To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
- teeming a.
- Prolific; productive.
- curst a.
- Froward; malignant; mischievous; malicious; snarling. [SeeCurse.]
- witty a.
- Possessed of wit; knowing; wise; skillful; judicious; clever; cunning. [AS. witig, wittig. See Wit, n.]
- shunne v. t.
- To avoid; to keep clear of; to get out of the way of; to escape from; to eschew; as, to shun rocks, shoals, vice. [OE. shunien, schunien, schonien, AS. scunian, sceonian; cf. D. schuinen to slepe, schuin oblique, sloping, Icel. skunda, skynda, to hasten. Cf. Schooner, Scound]
- beginne v. i.
- To have or commence an independent or first existence; to take rise; to commence. [AS. beginnan (akin to OS. biginnan, D. & G. beginnen, OHG. biginnan, Goth., du-ginnan, Sw. begynna, Dan. begynde); pref. be- + an assumed ginnan. sq. root31. Se]
- whiles conj.
- During the time that; while. Chaucer. Fuller.
- ought p. p.
- Was or were under obligation to pay; owed. [Orig. the preterit of the verb to owe. OE. oughte, aughte, ahte, AS. ahte. sq. root110. See Owe.]
Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.
About this text
The Expostulation is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Poems of John Donne, Volume 1 (of 2) Edited from the Old Editions and Numerous Manuscripts, Project Gutenberg ebook #48688; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.
Cite as: John Donne, The Expostulation, in Poems (1633), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #48688, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/donne-poems/the-expostulation.html, id L04933.
Form and metre
The Expostulation is 70 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 83% of the lines: heroic couplets. The metre is iambic pentameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 86%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 10.1 syllables. 7 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 31% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.
See other poems in heroic couplets, other poems in iambic pentameter.
Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.
Rhyme words, stanza by stanza
The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.
- 1 AABBCCDD--EEFF----GGHHIIJJKK--LLMMNNOOPPQQ--RRSSTTUUVVWWXXYYZZaabb--cc trueA · youA · aireB · faireB · youthC · truthC · eyesD · perjuriesD · matter · water · breathE · deathE · sweetF · meeteF · teares · feares · kisses · blisses · breakeG · speakeG · mustH · justH · beI · theeI · jealousieJ · thy'inconstancieJ · cheareK · beareK · thames · streames · enduresL · yoursL · youM · rueM · heeN · meN · wordO · thirdO · slaineP · cainP · pittyQ · wittyQ · eye · infamie · thriceR · priceR · dyesS · eyesS · tongueT · flungT · feastU · beastU · reviveV · aliveV · praiseW · dayesW · takeX · makeX · sawY · lawY · playesZ · wayesZ · intenta · impertinenta · theseb · diseaseb · sweet · get · partc · artc
Scansion, line by line
Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic pentameter. How this is done.
| Line | Syl. | Stress |
|---|---|---|
| To make the doubt cleare, that no woman's true, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| Was it my fate to prove it strong in you? | 10 | ·········· |
| Thought I, but one had breathed purest aire, | 10 | ······˘/˘· |
| And must she needs be false because she's faire? | 10 | ·········· |
| Is it your beauties marke, or of your youth, | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Or your perfection, not to study truth? | 10 | ··˘/˘··/˘· |
| Or thinke you heaven is deafe, or hath no eyes? | 10 | ···/······ |
| Or those it hath, smile at your perjuries? | 10 | ·······/˘˘ |
| Are vowes so cheape with women, or the matter | 11 | ·····/˘··/˘ |
| Whereof they are made, that they are writ in water, | 12 | ··········/˘ |
| And blowne away with winde? Or doth their breath | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| (Both hot and cold at once) make life and death? | 10 | ·········· |
| Who could have thought so many accents sweet | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Form'd into words, so many sighs should meete | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| As from our hearts, so many oathes, and teares | 10 | ··/··/˘··· |
| Sprinkled among, (all sweeter by our feares | 10 | /˘···/˘·/· |
| And the divine impression of stolne kisses, | 11 | ··˘/˘/˘··/˘ |
| That seal'd the rest) should now prove empty blisses? | 11 | ·······/˘/˘ |
| Did you draw bonds to forfet? signe to breake? | 10 | ·········· |
| Or must we reade you quite from what you speake, | 10 | ·········· |
| And finde the truth out the wrong way? or must | 10 | ·········· |
| Hee first desire you false, would wish you just? | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| O I prophane, though most of women be | 10 | ··˘/···/˘· |
| This kinde of beast, my thought shall except thee; | 10 | ·········· |
| My dearest love, though froward jealousie, | 10 | ·/˘··/˘··· |
| With circumstance might urge thy'inconstancie, | 10 | ·/˘······· |
| Sooner I'll thinke the Sunne will cease to cheare | 10 | /˘········ |
| The teeming earth, and that forget to beare, | 10 | ·/˘···˘/·· |
| Sooner that rivers will runne back, or Thames | 10 | /˘·/˘····· |
| With ribs of Ice in June would bind his streames, | 10 | ·········· |
| Or Nature, by whose strength the world endures, | 10 | ·/˘·····˘/ |
| Would change her course, before you alter yours. | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| But O that treacherous breast to whom weake you | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| Did trust our Counsells, and wee both may rue, | 10 | ··//˘····· |
| Having his falshood found too late, 'twas hee | 10 | /˘········ |
| That made me cast you guilty, and you me, | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Whilst he, black wretch, betray'd each simple word | 10 | ····˘/·/˘· |
| Wee spake, unto the cunning of a third. | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Curst may hee be, that so our love hath slaine, | 10 | ······/··· |
| And wander on the earth, wretched as Cain, | 10 | ·/˘···/˘·· |
| Wretched as hee, and not deserve least pitty; | 11 | /˘····˘/··· |
| In plaguing him, let misery be witty; | 11 | ·/˘··/˘˘·/˘ |
| Let all eyes shunne him, and hee shunne each eye, | 10 | ·········· |
| Till hee be noysome as his infamie; | 10 | ·········· |
| May he without remorse deny God thrice, | 10 | ····˘/˘/·· |
| And not be trusted more on his Soules price; | 10 | ···/˘····· |
| And after all selfe torment, when hee dyes, | 10 | ·····/···· |
| May Wolves teare out his heart, Vultures his eyes, | 10 | ······/˘·· |
| Swine eate his bowels, and his falser tongue | 10 | ···/˘··/˘· |
| That utter'd all, be to some Raven flung, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| And let his carrion coarse be a longer feast | 11 | ···/˘···/˘· |
| To the Kings dogges, then any other beast. | 10 | ·····/˘/˘· |
| Now have I curst, let us our love revive; | 10 | ······/·˘/ |
| In mee the flame was never more alive; | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| I could beginne againe to court and praise, | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| And in that pleasure lengthen the short dayes | 10 | ···/˘/˘··· |
| Of my lifes lease; like Painters that do take | 10 | ·····/˘··· |
| Delight, not in made worke, but whiles they make; | 10 | ˘/········ |
| I could renew those times, when first I saw | 10 | ··˘/······ |
| Love in your eyes, that gave my tongue the law | 10 | ·········· |
| To like what you lik'd; and at maskes and playes | 10 | ·········· |
| Commend the selfe same Actors, the same wayes; | 10 | ˘/···/˘··· |
| Aske how you did, and often with intent | 10 | ·····/˘·˘/ |
| Of being officious, be impertinent; | 11 | ·/˘˘/˘·˘/˘˘ |
| All which were such soft pastimes, as in these | 10 | ·····/···· |
| Love was as subtilly catch'd, as a disease; | 11 | ·········˘/ |
| But being got it is a treasure sweet, | 10 | ·/˘····/˘· |
| Which to defend is harder then to get: | 10 | ··˘/·/˘··· |
| And ought not be prophan'd on either part, | 10 | ·······/˘· |
| For though'tis got by chance, 'tis kept by art. | 10 | ·········· |
Notes from the edition 23
Herbert Grierson's record of the readings of the early editions and manuscripts, from his Poems of John Donne (Oxford, 1912; Project Gutenberg #48688).
- Line 2 strong] full Und
- Line 3 purest] the purer Und
- Line 6 Or your 1633-69: Or of your H40
- Line 8 it hath,] she hath B, H40, M, N, P, S96
- Line 14 Form'd into] Tun'd to our Und
- Line 15 As] Blowne Und
- Line 22 wish] have P
- Line 24 This kinde of beast,] The common Monster, Und
- Line 25 though froward] how ever RP31, Und
- Line 26 thy'inconstancie,] the contrarie. Und
- Line 28 beare, 1633: beare: 1635-69
- Line 32 yours.] yours; 1633
- Line 34 trust 1633-69: drift Chambers
- Line 37 wretch] wrech 1633
- Line 38 third. Ed: third; 1633-69
- Line 39 love] loves RP31
- Line 40 wretched as Cain, 1633-69, B, Cy, N, O'F: as wretched Cain, P: as cursed Cain, S: wretched on the Earth, as Cain: Und
- Line 52 dogges, ... beast.] dogges; ... beast; 1633
- Line 53 have I] I have 1669
- Line 58 worke, 1633-39, most MSS.: works, 1650-69, S96, Und
- Line 61 and playes] or playes Und
- Line 64 be] grow Und
- Line 65 soft] lost Und
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