The Keys of Morning

Walter de la Mare (1873–1956) · 1912

iambic tetrameter · 40 lines · from The Listeners and Other Poems

While at her bedroom window once,Learning her task for school,Little Louisa lonely satIn the morning clear and cool,She slanted her small bead-brown eyesAcross the empty street,And saw Death softly watching herIn the sunshine pale and sweet.His was a long lean sallow face,He sat with half-shut eyes,Like an old sailor in a shipBecalmed 'neath tropic skies.Beside him in the dust he'd setHis staff and shady hat;These, peeping small, Louisa sawQuite clearly where she sat--The thinness of his coal-black locks,His hands so long and leanThey scarcely seemed to grasp at allThe keys that hung between:Both were of gold, but one was small,And with this last did heWag in the air, as if to say,'Come hither, child, to me!'

Louisa laid her lesson bookOn the cold window-sill;And in the sleepy sunshine houseWent softly down, untilShe stood in the half-opened door,And peeped; but strange to say,Where Death just now had sunning satOnly a shadow lay;--Just the tall chimney's round-topped cowl,And the small sun behind,Had with its shadow in the dustCalled sleepy Death to mind.But most she thought how strange it wasTwo keys that he should bear,And that, when beckoning, he should wagThe littlest in the air.

Words in this poem

bedroom n.
A room or apartment intended or used for a bed; a lodging room.
sunshine n.
The light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

The Keys of Morning is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Listeners and Other Poems, Project Gutenberg ebook #22569; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Walter de la Mare, The Keys of Morning, in The Listeners and Other Poems (1912), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #22569, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/de-la-mare-listeners/the-keys-of-morning.html, id L17070.

Form and metre

The Keys of Morning is 40 lines in 2 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 90%). 98% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.0 syllables. 40% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 -ABACD-D-C-C-B-B-EFEFG-G once · schoolA · satB · coolA · eyesC · streetD · her · sweetD · face · eyesC · ship · skiesC · set · hatB · saw · satB · locks · leanE · allF · betweenE · smallF · heG · say · meG
  2. 2 -A-A-B-B-C-C-D-D book · sillA · house · untilA · door · sayB · sat · layB · cowl · behindC · dust · mindC · was · bearD · wag · airD
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
While at her bedroom window once,8···/·/˘·
Learning her task for school,6/˘····
Little Louisa lonely sat8/˘˘/˘/˘·
In the morning clear and cool,7··/˘···
She slanted her small bead-brown eyes8·/˘·····
Across the empty street,6˘/·/˘·
And saw Death softly watching her8···/˘/˘·
In the sunshine pale and sweet.7··/····
His was a long lean sallow face,8·····/˘·
He sat with half-shut eyes,6······
Like an old sailor in a ship8···/˘···
Becalmed 'neath tropic skies.6˘/·/˘·
Beside him in the dust he'd set8˘/······
His staff and shady hat;6···/˘·
These, peeping small, Louisa saw8·/˘·˘/˘·
Quite clearly where she sat--6·/˘···
The thinness of his coal-black locks,8·/˘·····
His hands so long and lean6······
They scarcely seemed to grasp at all8·/˘·····
The keys that hung between:6······
Both were of gold, but one was small,8········
And with this last did he6······
Wag in the air, as if to say,8········
'Come hither, child, to me!'6·/˘···
Louisa laid her lesson book8˘/˘··/˘·
On the cold window-sill;6···/˘·
And in the sleepy sunshine house8···/˘/··
Went softly down, until6·/˘···
She stood in the half-opened door,8·····/˘·
And peeped; but strange to say,6······
Where Death just now had sunning sat8·····/˘·
Only a shadow lay;--6/˘·/··
Just the tall chimney's round-topped cowl,8···/˘···
And the small sun behind,6······
Had with its shadow in the dust8···/····
Called sleepy Death to mind.6·/˘···
But most she thought how strange it was8········
Two keys that he should bear,6······
And that, when beckoning, he should wag8···/˘···
The littlest in the air.6·/˘···

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Walter de la Mare