His Epitaph

Richard Crashaw (c. 1613–1649) · 1646–1652

iambic tetrameter · octosyllabic couplets · 52 lines · from Steps to the Temple and Other Poems

Passenger, who e're thou artStay a while, and let thy heartTake acquaintance of this stone,Before thou passest further on.This stone will tell thee, that beneath,Is entomb'd the crime of Death;The ripe endowments of whose mindLeft his yeares so much behind,That numbring of his vertues' praise,Death lost the reckoning of his dayes;And believing what they told,Imagin'd him exceeding old.In him Perfection did set forthThe strength of her united worth.Him his wisdome's pregnant growthMade so reverend, even in youth,That in the center of his brest(Sweet as is the phoenix' nest)Every reconciled GraceHad their generall meeting-place.In him Goodnesse joy'd to seeLearning learne Humility.The splendor of his birth and bloodWas but the glosse of his owne good.The flourish of his sober youthWas the pride of naked truth.In composure of his face,Liv'd a faire, but manly grace.His mouth was Rhetorick's best mold,His tongue the touchstone of her gold.What word so e're his breath kept warme,Was no word now but a charme:For all persuasive Graces thenceSuck't their sweetest influence.His vertue that within had root,Could not chuse but shine without.And th' heart-bred lustre of his worth,At each corner peeping forth,Pointed him out in all his wayes,Circled round in his owne rayes:That to his sweetnesse, all men's eyesWere vow'd Love's flaming sacrifice.Him while fresh and fragrant TimeCherisht in his golden prime;E're Hebe's hand had overlaidHis smooth cheekes with a downy shade;The rush of Death's unruly wave,Swept him off into his grave.Enough, now (if thou canst) passe on,For now (alas!) not in this stone(Passenger who e're thou art)Is he entomb'd, but in thy heart.

Words in this poem

reverend a.
Worthy of reverence; entitled to respect mingled with fear and affection; venerable. [F. révérend, L. reverendus, fr. revereri. See Revere.]
generall a.
Relating to a genus or kind; pertaining to a whole class or order; as, a general law of animal or vegetable economy. [F. général, fr. L. generalis. See Genus.]
composure n.
The act of composing, or that which is composed; a composition. [From Compose.]
touchstone n.
Lydian stone; basanite; -- so called because used to test the purity of gold and silver by the streak which is left upon the stone when it is rubbed by the metal. See Basanite.
lustre n.
A period of five years; a lustrum. [L. lustrum: cf. F. lustre.]
circled a.
Having the form of a circle; round.
passe a.
Past; gone by; hence, past one's prime; worn; faded; as, a passée belle. Ld. Lytton. [F.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

His Epitaph is in the public domain. This text is taken from The Complete Works of Richard Crashaw, Volume I, Project Gutenberg ebook #38549; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Richard Crashaw, His Epitaph, in Steps to the Temple and Other Poems (1646–1652), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #38549, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/crashaw-poems/his-epitaph.html, id L12104.

Form and metre

His Epitaph is 52 lines in a single stanza. It is in rhyming couplets, 65% of the lines: octosyllabic couplets. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 87%). 94% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 7.6 syllables. 2 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending. 29% of the lines run on without a stop at the line end.

See other poems in octosyllabic couplets, other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 1 AA----BBCCDD----EEFF--GGHHIIJJKKLL----MM--NNOOPP--QQ artA · heartA · stone · on · beneath · death · mindB · behindB · praiseC · dayesC · toldD · oldD · forth · worth · growth · youth · brestE · nestE · graceF · placeF · see · humility · bloodG · goodG · youthH · truthH · faceI · graceI · moldJ · goldJ · warmeK · charmeK · thenceL · influenceL · root · without · worth · forth · wayesM · rayesM · eyes · sacrifice · timeN · primeN · overlaidO · shadeO · waveP · graveP · on · stone · artQ · heartQ
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
Passenger, who e're thou art7/˘˘····
Stay a while, and let thy heart7·······
Take acquaintance of this stone,7·˘/˘···
Before thou passest further on.8···/˘/˘·
This stone will tell thee, that beneath,8········
Is entomb'd the crime of Death;7·˘/····
The ripe endowments of whose mind8··˘/˘···
Left his yeares so much behind,7·······
That numbring of his vertues' praise,7·/˘····
Death lost the reckoning of his dayes;8···/˘···
And believing what they told,7·˘/˘···
Imagin'd him exceeding old.8˘/˘·˘/˘·
In him Perfection did set forth8··˘/˘···
The strength of her united worth.8····˘/˘·
Him his wisdome's pregnant growth7····/˘·
Made so reverend, even in youth,7··/˘/··
That in the center of his brest8···/˘···
(Sweet as is the phoenix' nest)7····/˘·
Every reconciled Grace7/˘˘/˘··
Had their generall meeting-place.7··/˘/˘·
In him Goodnesse joy'd to see7·······
Learning learne Humility.7/˘·˘/˘˘
The splendor of his birth and blood8·/˘·····
Was but the glosse of his owne good.8········
The flourish of his sober youth8·/˘··/˘·
Was the pride of naked truth.7····/˘·
In composure of his face,7·˘/˘···
Liv'd a faire, but manly grace.7····/˘·
His mouth was Rhetorick's best mold,8········
His tongue the touchstone of her gold.8···/····
What word so e're his breath kept warme,8········
Was no word now but a charme:7·······
For all persuasive Graces thence8··˘/˘/˘·
Suck't their sweetest influence.7··/˘/˘˘
His vertue that within had root,7·······
Could not chuse but shine without.7·······
And th' heart-bred lustre of his worth,8···/˘···
At each corner peeping forth,7··/˘/˘·
Pointed him out in all his wayes,8/˘······
Circled round in his owne rayes:7/˘·····
That to his sweetnesse, all men's eyes8········
Were vow'd Love's flaming sacrifice.8···/˘/˘·
Him while fresh and fragrant Time7····/˘·
Cherisht in his golden prime;7····/˘·
E're Hebe's hand had overlaid7····/˘·
His smooth cheekes with a downy shade;8·····/˘·
The rush of Death's unruly wave,8····˘/˘·
Swept him off into his grave.7·······
Enough, now (if thou canst) passe on,9˘/·····/·
For now (alas!) not in this stone8··˘/····
(Passenger who e're thou art)7/˘˘····
Is he entomb'd, but in thy heart.8··˘/····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

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