A Fragment

Francis James Child (1825–1896) · 1857

iambic tetrameter · 184 lines · from English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I

"This fragment, being very incorrect and imperfect in the originalof three or four stanzas composed from the romance of Morte Arthur."

On Trinitye Mondaye in the morne,This sore battayle was doom'd to bee,Where manye a knighte cry'd, Well-awaye!Alacke, it was the more pittie.

Ere the first crowinge of the cocke,When as the kinge in his bed laye,He thoughte Sir Gawaine[L7] to him came,And there to him these wordes did saye.

"Nowe, as you are mine unkle deare,And as you prize your life, this dayeO meet not with your foe in fighte;Putt off the battayle, if yee maye.

"For Sir Launcelot is nowe in Fraunce,And with him many an hardye knighte:Who will within this moneth be backe,And will assiste yee in the fighte."

The kinge then call'd his nobles all,Before the breakinge of the daye;And tolde them howe Sir Gawaine came,And there to him these wordes did saye.

His nobles all this counsayle gave,That earlye in the morning, heeShold send awaye an herauld at armes,To aske a parley faire and free.

Then twelve good knightes King Arthur chose,The best of all that with him were,To parley with the foe in field,And make with him agreement faire.

The king he charged all his hoste,In readinesse there for to bee;But noe man sholde noe weapon sturre,Unlesse a sword drawne they shold see.

And Mordred, on the other parte,Twelve of his knights did likewise bringe,The beste of all his companye,To holde the parley with the kinge.

Sir Mordred alsoe charged his hoste,In readinesse there for to bee;But noe man sholde noe weapon sturre,But if a sworde drawne they shold see.

Alacke! it was a woefulle case,As ere in Christentye befelle.

But when they were together mette,And both to faire accordance broughte,And a month's league betweene them sette,Before the battayle sholde be foughte,

An addere crept forth of a bushe,Stunge one o' the king's knightes on the knee;Alacke! it was a woefulle chance,As ever was in Christentie.

When the knighte found him wounded sore,And sawe the wild-worme hanginge there,His sworde he from his scabberde drewe;A piteous case, as ye shall heare.

For when the two hostes sawe the sworde,They joyned battayle instantlye;Till of so manye noble knightes,On one side there were left but three.

For all were slaine that durst abide,And but some fewe that fled awaye:Ah mee! it was a bloodye fielde,As ere was foughte on summer's daye.

Upon King Arthur's own partye,Onlye himselfe escaped there,And Lukyn Duke of Gloster free,And the king's butler Bedevere.

And when the king beheld his knightesAll dead and scattered on the molde,The teares fast trickled downe his face;That manlye face in fight so bolde.

"Nowe reste yee all, brave knights," he said,"Soe true and faithful to your trust:And must yee then, yee valiant hearts,Be lefte to moulder into dust!

"Most loyal have yee been to mee,Most true and faithful unto deathe:And, oh! to rayse yee up againe,How freelye could I yield my breathe!

"But see, the traitor's yet alive!Lo where hee stalkes among the deade!Nowe bitterlye he shall abye,And vengeance fall upon his head."

"O staye, my liege," then sayd the duke;"O staye for love and charitie;Remember what the vision spake,Nor meete your foe, if it may bee."

"O staye mee not, thou worthye wight,This debt my loyal knights I owe:Betide me life, betide me death,I will avenge them of their foe."

Then straite he grasp'd his trustye speare,And on his horse then mounted hee:As his butler holpe him to his horse,His bowels gushed to his knee.

"Alas!" then sayd the noble king,"That I should live this sight to see!To see this good knight here be slaine,All for his love in helping mee!"

He put his speare into his reste,And to Sir Mordred loud gan crye;"Nowe sette thyself upon thy guarde,For, traitor, nowe thy death is nye."

Sir Mordred lifted up his sworde,And fierce to meet the king ran hee:The king his speare he through him thrust,A fathom thorow his bodie.

When Mordered felt the stroke of death,And found that he was wounded soe,He thruste himselfe upon the speare,And strucke the king a deadlye blowe.

Then grimmlye dyed Sir Mordered,Presentlye upon that tree:And bloody streames ranne from the kinge,Ere to the duke returned hee.

Sir Lukyn then he thus bespake:"Sir knighte, thou hast been faithfulle tryde;Nowe take my sword Excalibar[L119],That hangs so freelye by my syde,

"O take my sword Excalibar,And there into the river throwe:For here, henceforth, benethe this tree,All use of weapons I foregoe.

"And fare thee well, thou trustye sword,A better neer had valiant knighte;With thee full ofte, and many a daye,Have I withstood my foe in fighte.

"With this good fauchion in my hande,Oft have I reapd the bloody feelde:But nowe the fatalle houre is come,That never more I may thee weelde."

The duke to the river side he went,And there his owne sword in threwe he;But he kept back Excalibar,He kept it back in privitie.

For all of coleyne was the blade,And all the hilte of precious stone:"And ever alacke!" then sayd the knighte,"Must such a sword awaye be throwne?"

Then backe he came unto the kinge,Who sayd, "Sir Lukyn, what did yee see?""Nothing, my liege, save that the windeBlewe oer the waters faire and free."

"O goe againe," then said the kinge,"O good Sir Lukyn, goe againe:Into the rivere throwe my sword,Nor keepe me lingering here in paine."

The duke then to the river went,And the kings scabbard in threwe hee;But hee kept backe Excalibar,And hid it undernethe a tree.

Then backe he came to tell the kinge,Who sayde, "Sir Lukyn, sawe ye oughte?""Nothinge, my liege, save that the windeNowe with the angrye waters fought."

"O Lukyn, Lukyn," said the kinge,"Twice haste thou dealt deceytfullye:Alacke, whom may wee ever truste,When suche a knighte soe false can bee!

"Saye, wouldst thou have thy master dead,All for a sword that wins thine eye?Now goe againe, and throwe it in,Or here the one of us shall dye."

The duke, all shent with this rebuke,No aunswere made unto the kinge;But to the rivere tooke the sworde,And threwe it far as he coulde flinge.

A hande and an arme did meete the sworde,And flourishd three times in the air;Then sunke benethe the renninge streme,And of the duke was seene noe mair.

All sore astonied stood the duke,He stood as still, as still mote bee;Then hastend backe to tell the kinge,But he was gone from under the tree.

But to what place, he cold not tell,For never after hee did him see;But hee sawe a barge goe from the land,And hee heard ladyes howle and crye.

And whether the kinge were there, or not,Hee never knewe, nor ever colde;For from that sad and direfulle daye,Hee never more was seene on molde.

Words in this poem 24
morne a.
Of or pertaining to the morn; morning.
deare
variant of Dere, v. t. & n.
putt n.
A stroke made on the putting green to play the ball into a hole.
woefulle a.
Full of woe; sorrowful; distressed with grief or calamity; afflicted; wretched; unhappy; sad.
shall v. i.
To owe; to be under obligation for. [OE. shal, schal, imp. sholde, scholde, AS. scal, sceal, I am obliged, imp. scolde, sceolde, inf. sculan; akin to OS. skulan, pres. skal, imp. skolda, D. zullen,]
duke n.
A leader; a chief; a prince. [F. duc, fr. L. dux, ducis, leader, commander, fr. ducere to lead; akin to AS. teón to draw; cf. AS. heretoga (here army) an army leader, general, G. herzog duke]
valiant a.
Vigorous in body; strong; powerful; as, a valiant fencer. [OE. valiant, F. vaillant, OF. vaillant, valant, originally p. pr. of OF. & F. valoir to be worth, L. valere to be strong. See Wield, and cf. Avail, Convalesce, ]
moulder n.
One who, or that which, molds or forms into shape; specifically (Founding), one skilled in the art of making molds for castings.
abye v. t.
To pay for; to suffer for; to atone for; to make amends for; to give satisfaction. [AS. abycgan to pay for; pref. a- (cf. Goth. us-, Ger. er-, orig. meaning out) + bycgan to buy. See Buy, and cf. Abide.]
liege a.
Sovereign; independent; having authority or right to allegiance; as, a liege lord. [OE. lige, lege, F. lige, LL. ligius, legius, liege, unlimited, complete, prob. of German origin; cf. G. ledig free from bonds and obstacles, MHG. ledec, ledic, ]
wight n.
A whit; a bit; a jot. [OE. wight, wiht, a wight, a whit, AS. wiht, wuht, a creature, a thing; skin to D. wicht a child, OS. & OHG. wiht a creature, thing, G. wicht a creature, Icel. v]
betide v. t.
To happen to; to befall; to come to ; as, woe betide the wanderer. [OE. bitiden; pref. bi-, be- + tiden, fr. AS. tidan, to happen, fr. tid time. See Tide.]
thorow a.
Thorough. Hakluyt.
ranne n.
Open robbery. Lambarde. [As. ran.]
hast
, 2d pers. sing. pres. of. Fave, contr. of havest.
faithfulle a.
Full of faith, or having faith; disposed to believe, especially in the declarations and promises of God.
throwe n.
A turning lathe.
henceforth adv.
From this time forward; henceforward.
fatalle a.
Proceeding from, or appointed by, fate or destiny; necessary; inevitable. [L. fatalis, fr. fatum: cf. F. fatal. See Fate.]
went n.
Course; way; path; journey; direction.
shent
obs. 3d pers. sing. pres. of Shend, for shendeth.
astonied p. p.
Stunned; astonished. See Astony.
mote n.
A meeting of persons for discussion; as, a wardmote in the city of London. [See Moot, a meeting.]
direfulle a.
Dire; dreadful; terrible; calamitous; woeful; as, a direful fiend; a direful day. [Dire + -ful.]

Definitions and etymologies from Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, 1913.

About this text

A Fragment is in the public domain. This text is taken from English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I, Project Gutenberg ebook #37031; the transcription's header, footer and licence were removed and nothing else was changed. You may copy, print and reuse it freely.

Cite as: Francis James Child, A Fragment, in English and Scottish Ballads, Volume I (1857), text of Project Gutenberg ebook #37031, Laurel, https://laurelpoetry.com/poem/child-ballads/a-fragment.html, id L08568.

Form and metre

A Fragment is 184 lines in 47 stanzas. The metre is iambic tetrameter, measured from the stress the words themselves fix (confidence 88%). 99% of its stressed syllables fall where the metre puts the beat. The lines average 8.2 syllables. 5 lines end on an unstressed syllable, a feminine ending.

See other poems in iambic tetrameter.

Measured by Laurel's pipeline, not copied from a handbook: how stress and metre are counted, how rhyme is lettered, how a drifted rhyme is found. Where the dictionary cannot confirm a rhyme the letter is withheld, not guessed.

Rhyme words, stanza by stanza

The word that ends each line, lettered by the rhyme it makes; a dash is a line whose rhyme the dictionary could not confirm.

  1. 3 -A-A cocke · layeA · came · sayeA
  2. 4 -A-A deare · dayeA · fighte · mayeA
  3. 5 -A-A fraunce · knighteA · backe · fighteA
  4. 6 -A-A all · dayeA · came · sayeA
  5. 7 -A-A gave · heeA · armes · freeA
  6. 9 -A-A hoste · beeA · sturre · seeA
  7. 10 -A-A parte · bringeA · companye · kingeA
  8. 11 -A-A hoste · beeA · sturre · seeA
  9. 13 ABAB metteA · broughteB · setteA · foughteB
  10. 17 -A-A abide · awayeA · fielde · dayeA
  11. 19 -A-A knightes · moldeA · face · boldeA
  12. 20 -A-A said · trustA · hearts · dustA
  13. 21 -A-A mee · deatheA · againe · breatheA
  14. 22 -A-A alive · deadeA · abye · headA
  15. 24 -A-A wight · oweA · death · foeA
  16. 25 -A-A speare · heeA · horse · kneeA
  17. 26 -A-A king · seeA · slaine · meeA
  18. 27 -A-A reste · cryeA · guarde · nyeA
  19. 30 -A-A mordered · treeA · kinge · heeA
  20. 31 -A-A bespake · trydeA · excalibar[l119 · sydeA
  21. 33 -A-A sword · knighteA · daye · fighteA
  22. 34 -A-A hande · feeldeA · come · weeldeA
  23. 37 -A-A kinge · seeA · winde · freeA
  24. 38 -A-A kinge · againeA · sword · paineA
  25. 39 -A-A went · heeA · excalibar · treeA
  26. 40 -A-A kinge · oughteA · winde · foughtA
  27. 42 -A-A dead · eyeA · in · dyeA
  28. 43 -A-A rebuke · kingeA · sworde · flingeA
  29. 44 -A-A sworde · airA · streme · mairA
  30. 45 -A-A duke · beeA · kinge · treeA
  31. 46 -A-A tell · seeA · land · cryeA
  32. 47 -A-A not · coldeA · daye · moldeA
Scansion, line by line

Each line with its syllable count and the stresses the words themselves fix: / stressed, ˘ unstressed, · a syllable the word leaves free and the metre decides. Read against iambic tetrameter. How this is done.

LineSyl.Stress
"This fragment, being very incorrect and imperfect in the original17·/˘//˘˘/·˘/˘··˘/˘
of three or four stanzas composed from the romance of Morte Arthur."16····/˘˘/··/˘··/˘
On Trinitye Mondaye in the morne,10········/˘
This sore battayle was doom'd to bee,9·········
Where manye a knighte cry'd, Well-awaye!9·········
Alacke, it was the more pittie.8········
Ere the first crowinge of the cocke,8········
When as the kinge in his bed laye,8········
He thoughte Sir Gawaine[L7] to him came,9·········
And there to him these wordes did saye.8········
"Nowe, as you are mine unkle deare,8·····/˘·
And as you prize your life, this daye8········
O meet not with your foe in fighte;8········
Putt off the battayle, if yee maye.9·········
"For Sir Launcelot is nowe in Fraunce,9··/˘·····
And with him many an hardye knighte:8···/····
Who will within this moneth be backe,9·····/˘··
And will assiste yee in the fighte."8········
The kinge then call'd his nobles all,8·····/˘·
Before the breakinge of the daye;8········
And tolde them howe Sir Gawaine came,8········
And there to him these wordes did saye.8········
His nobles all this counsayle gave,9·/˘······
That earlye in the morning, hee8·····/˘·
Shold send awaye an herauld at armes,9·········
To aske a parley faire and free.8···/˘···
Then twelve good knightes King Arthur chose,8·····/˘·
The best of all that with him were,8········
To parley with the foe in field,8·/˘·····
And make with him agreement faire.8····˘/˘·
The king he charged all his hoste,8····˘···
In readinesse there for to bee;8········
But noe man sholde noe weapon sturre,8·····/˘·
Unlesse a sword drawne they shold see.8········
And Mordred, on the other parte,8·····/˘·
Twelve of his knights did likewise bringe,8·····/··
The beste of all his companye,8········
To holde the parley with the kinge.8···/˘···
Sir Mordred alsoe charged his hoste,8········
In readinesse there for to bee;8········
But noe man sholde noe weapon sturre,8·····/˘·
But if a sworde drawne they shold see.8········
Alacke! it was a woefulle case,8·····/˘·
As ere in Christentye befelle.9·········
But when they were together mette,8····˘/˘·
And both to faire accordance broughte,8····˘/˘·
And a month's league betweene them sette,8········
Before the battayle sholde be foughte,9·········
An addere crept forth of a bushe,8········
Stunge one o' the king's knightes on the knee;9·········
Alacke! it was a woefulle chance,8·····/˘·
As ever was in Christentie.8·/˘·····
When the knighte found him wounded sore,8·····/˘·
And sawe the wild-worme hanginge there,8········
His sworde he from his scabberde drewe;8········
A piteous case, as ye shall heare.9·/˘˘·····
For when the two hostes sawe the sworde,8········
They joyned battayle instantlye;8········
Till of so manye noble knightes,8·····/˘·
On one side there were left but three.8········
For all were slaine that durst abide,8······˘/
And but some fewe that fled awaye:8········
Ah mee! it was a bloodye fielde,8········
As ere was foughte on summer's daye.8·····/˘·
Upon King Arthur's own partye,8···/˘···
Onlye himselfe escaped there,8····˘/˘·
And Lukyn Duke of Gloster free,8·····/˘·
And the king's butler Bedevere.8···/˘···
And when the king beheld his knightes8····˘/··
All dead and scattered on the molde,8···/˘···
The teares fast trickled downe his face;8···/˘···
That manlye face in fight so bolde.8········
"Nowe reste yee all, brave knights," he said,8········
"Soe true and faithful to your trust:8···/˘···
And must yee then, yee valiant hearts,8·····/˘·
Be lefte to moulder into dust!8···/˘···
"Most loyal have yee been to mee,8·/˘·····
Most true and faithful unto deathe:8···/˘···
And, oh! to rayse yee up againe,8········
How freelye could I yield my breathe!8········
"But see, the traitor's yet alive!8···/˘·˘/
Lo where hee stalkes among the deade!8········
Nowe bitterlye he shall abye,8········
And vengeance fall upon his head."8·/˘·····
"O staye, my liege," then sayd the duke;8········
"O staye for love and charitie;8········
Remember what the vision spake,8˘/˘··/˘·
Nor meete your foe, if it may bee."8········
"O staye mee not, thou worthye wight,8········
This debt my loyal knights I owe:8···/˘···
Betide me life, betide me death,8˘/··˘/··
I will avenge them of their foe."8··˘/····
Then straite he grasp'd his trustye speare,8········
And on his horse then mounted hee:8·····/˘·
As his butler holpe him to his horse,9··/˘·····
His bowels gushed to his knee.8·/˘·˘···
"Alas!" then sayd the noble king,8˘/···/˘·
"That I should live this sight to see!8········
To see this good knight here be slaine,8········
All for his love in helping mee!"8·····/˘·
He put his speare into his reste,8········
And to Sir Mordred loud gan crye;8········
"Nowe sette thyself upon thy guarde,8··˘/····
For, traitor, nowe thy death is nye."8·/˘·····
Sir Mordred lifted up his sworde,8···/˘···
And fierce to meet the king ran hee:8········
The king his speare he through him thrust,8········
A fathom thorow his bodie.8·/˘/˘·/˘
When Mordered felt the stroke of death,8········
And found that he was wounded soe,8·····/˘·
He thruste himselfe upon the speare,8········
And strucke the king a deadlye blowe.8········
Then grimmlye dyed Sir Mordered,8·······˘
Presentlye upon that tree:7·······
And bloody streames ranne from the kinge,8·/˘·····
Ere to the duke returned hee.8····˘/˘·
Sir Lukyn then he thus bespake:8········
"Sir knighte, thou hast been faithfulle tryde;8·····/˘·
Nowe take my sword Excalibar[L119],9·········
That hangs so freelye by my syde,8········
"O take my sword Excalibar,8········
And there into the river throwe:8·····/˘·
For here, henceforth, benethe this tree,8··//····
All use of weapons I foregoe.9···/˘····
"And fare thee well, thou trustye sword,8········
A better neer had valiant knighte;8·/˘··/˘·
With thee full ofte, and many a daye,8·····/··
Have I withstood my foe in fighte.8··˘/····
"With this good fauchion in my hande,8···/˘···
Oft have I reapd the bloody feelde:8·····/˘·
But nowe the fatalle houre is come,8···/˘···
That never more I may thee weelde."8·/˘·····
The duke to the river side he went,9····/˘···
And there his owne sword in threwe he;8········
But he kept back Excalibar,8········
He kept it back in privitie.8········
For all of coleyne was the blade,8········
And all the hilte of precious stone:8·····/˘·
"And ever alacke!" then sayd the knighte,8·/······
"Must such a sword awaye be throwne?"8········
Then backe he came unto the kinge,8········
Who sayd, "Sir Lukyn, what did yee see?"9·········
"Nothing, my liege, save that the winde8/˘······
Blewe oer the waters faire and free."8···/˘···
"O goe againe," then said the kinge,8········
"O good Sir Lukyn, goe againe:8········
Into the rivere throwe my sword,8········
Nor keepe me lingering here in paine."8···/˘···
The duke then to the river went,8·····/˘·
And the kings scabbard in threwe hee;8···/˘···
But hee kept backe Excalibar,8········
And hid it undernethe a tree.8········
Then backe he came to tell the kinge,8········
Who sayde, "Sir Lukyn, sawe ye oughte?"8········
"Nothinge, my liege, save that the winde8········
Nowe with the angrye waters fought."8·····/˘·
"O Lukyn, Lukyn," said the kinge,8········
"Twice haste thou dealt deceytfullye:8········
Alacke, whom may wee ever truste,8·····/˘·
When suche a knighte soe false can bee!8········
"Saye, wouldst thou have thy master dead,8·····/˘·
All for a sword that wins thine eye?8········
Now goe againe, and throwe it in,8········
Or here the one of us shall dye."8········
The duke, all shent with this rebuke,8······˘/
No aunswere made unto the kinge;8········
But to the rivere tooke the sworde,8········
And threwe it far as he coulde flinge.8········
A hande and an arme did meete the sworde,9·········
And flourishd three times in the air;8········
Then sunke benethe the renninge streme,8········
And of the duke was seene noe mair.8········
All sore astonied stood the duke,8··˘/˘···
He stood as still, as still mote bee;8········
Then hastend backe to tell the kinge,8········
But he was gone from under the tree.9·········
But to what place, he cold not tell,8········
For never after hee did him see;8·/······
But hee sawe a barge goe from the land,9·········
And hee heard ladyes howle and crye.9···/˘/˘··
And whether the kinge were there, or not,9·········
Hee never knewe, nor ever colde;8·/˘··/˘·
For from that sad and direfulle daye,10··········
Hee never more was seene on molde.8·/˘·····

The reader shows the same poem with its rhymes coloured and a stress row above each line, the notes beside their stanzas, and any word's definition on a tap; the analysis page takes the whole book apart. How every part of this site was made.

More by Francis James Child